Dermatoses in metal workers

Em, de Boer; Wg, van Ketel; Bruynzeel, D. P.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1989.tb04658.x

Cited by 83 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Recent patch test results obtained from the medical surveillance of great numbers of workers (de Boer et al, 1989;Goh and Ho, 1993) or patients (Kanerva et al, 1997; were all negative.…”

Section: Hypersensitivity Allergy and Intolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the re‐evaluation of butylated hydroxytoluene BHT (E 321) as a food additive

2012

EFS2

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The Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS) delivers an opinion reevaluating the safety of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (E 321). BHT is an authorised synthetic antioxidant that was previously evaluated by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), the latest in 1996 and the EU Scientific Committee for Food (SCF) in 1987. The SCF established an ADI of 0-0.05 mg/kg bw/day based on thyroid, reproduction and haematological effects in the rat. JECFA allocated an ADI of 0-0.3 mg/kg bw/day for BHT based on effects in the reproduction segments and hepatic enzyme induction seen in two separate 2-generation studies in rats. The Panel concluded that BHT is not of concern with respect to genotoxicity and that any carcinogenicity would be thresholded. After the last SCF evaluation, two new 2-generation studies have been reported which were the basis for the ADI set by JECFA. Both studies revealed a NOAEL of 25 mg/kg bw/day. Overall, the Panel concluded that the present database gives reason to revise the ADI of 0.05 mg/kg bw/day. Based on the NOAEL of 25 mg/kg bw/day and an uncertainty factor of 100, the Panel derived an ADI of 0.25 mg/kg bw/day. Since the NOAEL of 25 mg/kg bw/day is below the BMDL10 value of 247 mg/kg bw/day derived from the data for the incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas in male rats, the Panel concluded that this NOAEL also covers the hepatocellular carcinomas observed in the long-term studies with BHT. Exposure of adults to BHT is unlikely to exceed the newly derived ADI at the mean and at the 95th percentile. For exposure of children to BHT from its use as food additive, the Panel noted that it is also unlikely that this ADI is exceeded at the mean, but is exceeded for some European countries (Finland, The Netherlands) at the 95th percentile. SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the re-evaluation of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (E 321) as a food additive.BHT (E 321) is a synthetic antioxidant authorised as a food additive in the EU that was previously evaluated by the EU Scientific Committee for Food (SCF) in 1987 and the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) several times, the latest in 1996.The SCF established an ADI of 0-0.05 mg/kg bw/day based on thyroid, reproduction and haematological effects in the rat. At its last evaluation JECFA allocated an ADI of 0-0.3 mg/kg bw/day for BHT, based on effects in the reproduction segments and hepatic enzyme induction, seen in two separate 2-generation studies in rats. These studies were probably not available at the time of the SCF evaluation.Specifications have been defined in the EU legislation Directive 2008/48/EC and by JECFA (JECFA, 2006). The purity is specified to be not less than 99%.Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of BHT have been studied in mice, rats, rabbits, chickens, monkeys and humans. Overall, these studies show that BHT is r...

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“…Recent patch test results obtained from the medical surveillance of great numbers of workers (de Boer et al, 1989;Goh and Ho, 1993) or patients (Kanerva et al, 1997; were all negative.…”

Section: Hypersensitivity Allergy and Intolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the re‐evaluation of butylated hydroxytoluene BHT (E 321) as a food additive

2012

EFS2

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“…A clearly positive result obtained in 1/24 control persons was thought to be caused by excessive use of an anti-dandruff shampoo containing zinc pyrithione (De Boer et al 1989). Patch tests carried out on 230 metal industry workers with dermatitis on their hands or forearms revealed no reactions to a 1 % aqueous solution of sodium pyrithione (Alomar et al 1985).…”

Section: Allergenic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sodium pyrithione [MAK Value Documentation, 1998]

2012

The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety

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Published in the series Occupational Toxicants , Vol. 10 (1998) The article contains sections titled: Toxic Effects and Modes of Action Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion Effects in Man Repeated exposures Effects on skin and mucous membranes Allergenic effects Animal Experiments and in vitro Studies Acute toxicity Subacute, subchronic and chronic toxicity Effects on skin and mucous membranes Allergenic effects Reproductive toxicity Genotoxicity Carcinogenicity Other effects Manifesto (MAK value, classification)

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“…It was reported that there were about 27% of metalworkers affected by several dermatitis and extensive response to repeated contact with MWFs. 19 In another study, Sprince et al 20 showed that there was a prevalence of contact dermatitis of about 27.2% among 158 machine operators in the automotive production sector. Mirabelli et al 21 conducted a study on the effect of MWFs on persistent skin symptoms based on survey data from ECRHS II (European Community Respiratory Health Survey II) and SAPALDIA 2 (Swiss Cohort Study one Air Pollution and Lung and Heart Diasease in Adults 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Swelling behavior of polymeric membranes to metalworking fluids

Nguyen-Tri

Tuduri

Gauvin

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In some working places, such as metal manufacturing or automotive services, mechanical hazards commonly occur along with chemical hazards, particularly metalworking fluids (MWFs). The presence of these chemicals could modify the properties of gloves made from polymeric materials and thus reduce their protective properties against chemical contamination (solvent, MWFs) and mechanical risks (puncture and cutting). This work focused on determining the swelling characteristics and the resistance of six polymeric membranes which were exposed to seven industrial MWFs. We found that the swelling tests can be used to classify the potential of coating polymers in descending order of their resistance to MWFs: nitrile, polyurethane > poly(vinyl chloride), neoprene > butyl, latex. The analysis by multiple linear regression showed, for the first time, that the density or the viscosity‐gravity constant of the fluid and Hansen's solubility parameters of the polymers have a significant impact on the swelling of polymer. For the first time, two new multiple regression models have been proposed, to predict the swelling phenomena of polymers under various MWFs with an accuracy of ≈80%. The effect of temperature on mechanical properties and morphology of material was also examined. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45717.

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Dermatoses in metal workers

Cited by 83 publications

References 9 publications

Scientific Opinion on the re‐evaluation of butylated hydroxytoluene BHT (E 321) as a food additive

Scientific Opinion on the re‐evaluation of butylated hydroxytoluene BHT (E 321) as a food additive

Sodium pyrithione [MAK Value Documentation, 1998]

Swelling behavior of polymeric membranes to metalworking fluids

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