Dermatophytoses in outpatients attending the Dermatology Center of Avicenna Hospital in Qazvin, Iran

Abstract

Dermatophytosis is still being considered as one of the major public health problems in many parts of the world. To identify the prevalence and etiological agents of dermatophytoses, a study was carried out between 2004 and 2006. Out of 1023 subjects suspected to have cutaneous mycoses, 348 (34%) patients were affected with dermatophytoses. The causative agents were identified macroscopically and microscopically after the clinical samples were subjected to potassium hydroxide examination and culture isolation. Epidermophyton floccosum was the most frequently isolated species representing 32.8% of isolates, followed by T. rubrum (18.1%), T. verrucosum (17.2%), T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale (15.8%), T. mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes (6.6%) and T. violaceum, T. schoenleinii and Microsporum canis (0.9%). The most common type of infection was tinea cruris (31.9%) affecting in particular male patients. Some other most prevalent tinea types were tinea corporis (20.7%), tinea pedis (19%), and tinea unguium (11.2%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on dermatophytoses in Qazvin and the first study that shows tinea cruris as a major type of superficial fungal infection in Iran. The frequency of tinea was higher in males and tinea cruris showed a remarkably increasing tendency and was an important public health issue in Qazvin.

Molecular Characterization and In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility of 316 Clinical Isolates of Dermatophytes in Iran

“…Our results confirm those of previous studies in Iran [13,24] and other regions of the world [32,33]. However, our finding is in contrast to others who reported tinea pedis [17,18], tinea capitis [15,32], and tinea cruris [19,20] as the predominant clinical observations in north and center of Iran.…”

“…Despite the variability of fungal species by geographic regions in 1990s, zoophilic fungi such as T. verrucosum overwhelmed the anthropophilic across some regions of the country, including certain endemic areas [14][15][16]. However, today anthropophilic T. mentagrophytes (T. interdigitale), Epidermophyton floccosum, and T. rubrum are the main pathogens in Iran [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Clinico-Mycological Pattern of Hair and Skin Infection in New Delhi

“…In another two studies in India in 2015 and 2010, T. rubrum was the commonest dermatophyte isolated, similar to our study [3,10]. However in a study conducted by Agharmirian et al in Iran [11], Epidermophyton floccosum was the commonest dermatophyte isolated, while M. canis was most commonly isolated in the studies conducted by Fortuño et al [12] in Spain and Mangiaterra et al [13] in Argentina. However Weitzman et al [14] commonly isolated T. tonsurans in the United States and Nowicki et al [15] in Poland and Abu-Elteen et al [16] in Jordan observed T. mentagrophytes as their common dermatophyte.…”

Causative Agents of Superficial Mycoses in Outpatients Attending Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty Hospital, in İstanbul, Turkey (01 April 2010 –01 June 2014)

“…Candida spp (24.9%) was the second prevailing pathogen recovered from our patients with dermatomycoses, a rate correlating well with comparable studies [24,28,30,34,35]. Fingernails were affected than toenails and females were affected more than males, like findings reported by Kiraz [34] and this may probably attributed to frequent emersion of hands in water.…”