Dermatology in the military: an East Timor study

Lim, Davin

doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2004.01670.x

Cited by 16 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…According to the US Army Medical Department's official history of medicine during the World War II, only 6% of soldiers evaluated in dermatology clinics were diagnosed with superficial fungal infections in Virginia with temperate climate although the incidence was higher (22%) in the Mediterranean theatre of war 8. Fungal infections were found to be the major dermatological conditions in the East Timor deployment of Australian troops with fungal skin infections occurring in more than 50% of deployed troops 7. Djeridane et al 9 reported the prevalence of tinea pedis to be 18.3% among Algerian military personnel and higher than that in the Algerian general population (15%), and other studies10 like ours confirm tinea pedis to be the most frequent dermatological diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Military personnel are most likely to be exposed to predisposing factors for dermatophyte infections including high ambient humidity and poorly ventilated footwear with insufficient aeration 7. Superficial fungal infections can produce severe outbreaks among military personnel in tropical climates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Troops should be discouraged from wearing underclothes 16. Environmental interventions such as routine disinfection of communal showers and reduction of communal laundering of socks should be planned 7 17. Frequent air drying and powdering of the feet with tolnaftate or foot powder including 83% talc, 10% starch and 3% salicylic acid may be effective preventive measures 7…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of skin diseases in civilian and military population in a Turkish military hospital in the central Black Sea region

Şenel

Salmanoğlu

2014

J R Army Med Corps

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Preventive measures should be taken to improve the health of troops and reduce the prevalence of the common disorders such as tinea pedis, alopecia areata and callus. Troops should wear boots only when necessary in base camps. Clothing which reduces ventilation is not recommended. Depression and anxiety should be recognised and treated in soldiers with alopecia areata, as a solely dermatological approach without psychological support may reduce treatment success.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of skin diseases in civilian and military population in a Turkish military hospital in the central Black Sea region

Şenel

Salmanoğlu

2014

J R Army Med Corps

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“…Superficial fungal skin infections may occur in greater than 50% of deployed troops due to environmental and living conditions 2. These can present as tinea pedis, tinea cruris, tinea corporis, tinea axillae, tinea capitis, intertrigo or pityriasis versicolour, which are usually cured by prompt topical anti-fungal treatments and improved hygiene measures.…”

Section: Common Skin Infections In the Tropicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Skin complaints are common in travellers to foreign countries1 and are responsible for up to 25% of medical consultations by military personnel during deployments in the tropics 2. They account for about 20% of primary care consultations by British troops in Afghanistan and have relatively high rates of field hospital admission and medical evacuation 3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical skin diseases in British military personnel

Bailey

2013

J R Army Med Corps

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Skin complaints are common in travellers to foreign countries and are responsible for up to 25% of medical consultations by military personnel during deployments in the tropics. They also have relatively high rates of field hospital admission, medical evacuation and referral to UK Role 4 healthcare facilities. Non-infectious tropical skin diseases include sunburn, heat rash, arthropod bites, venomous bites, contact dermatitis and phytophotodermatitis. During tropical deployments skin infections that commonly occur in military personnel may become more frequent, severe and difficult to treat. Several systemic tropical infections have cutaneous features that can be useful in making early diagnoses. Tropical skin infections such as cutaneous larva migrans, cutaneous myiasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis and leprosy do occur in British troops and require specialist clinical management. This illustrated review focuses on the most significant tropical skin diseases that have occurred in British military personnel in recent years. Clinical management of these conditions on deployments would be improved and medical evacuations could be reduced if a military dermatology 'reach-back' service (including a telemedicine facility) was available.

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Mefloquine for preventing malaria during travel to endemic areas

Tickell-Painter

Maayan²,

Saunders

et al. 2017

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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BackgroundMefloquine is one of four antimalarial agents commonly recommended for preventing malaria in travellers to malaria-endemic areas. Despite its high efficacy, there is controversy about its psychological side effects.ObjectivesTo summarize the efficacy and safety of mefloquine used as prophylaxis for malaria in travellers.Search methodsWe searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Specialized Register; the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), published on the Cochrane Library; MEDLINE; Embase (OVID); TOXLINE (https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/toxline.htm); and LILACS. We also searched the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP; http://www.who.int/ictrp/en/) and ClinicalTrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/home) for trials in progress, using 'mefloquine', 'Lariam', and 'malaria' as search terms. The search date was 22 June 2017.Selection criteriaWe included randomized controlled trials (for efficacy and safety) and non-randomized cohort studies (for safety). We compared prophylactic mefloquine with placebo, no treatment, or an alternative recommended antimalarial agent. Our study populations included all adults and children, including pregnant women.Data collection and analysisTwo review authors independently assessed the eligibility and risk of bias of trials, extracted and analysed data. We compared dichotomous outcomes using risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Prespecified adverse outcomes are included in 'Summary of findings' tables, with the best available estimate of the absolute frequency of each outcome in short-term international travellers. We assessed the certainty of the evidence using the GRADE approach.Main resultsWe included 20 RCTs (11,470 participants); 35 cohort studies (198,493 participants); and four large retrospective analyses of health records (800,652 participants). Nine RCTs explicitly excluded participants with a psychiatric history, and 25 cohort studies stated that the choice of antimalarial agent was based on medical history and personal preference. Most RCTs and cohort studies collected data on self-reported or clinician-assessed symptoms, rather than formal medical diagnoses.Mefloquine efficacyOf 12 trials comparing mefloquine and placebo, none were performed in short-term international travellers, and most populations had a degree of immunity to malaria. The percentage of people developing a malaria episode in the control arm varied from 1% to 82% (median 22%) and 0% to 13% in the mefloquine group (median 1%).In four RCTs that directly compared mefloquine, atovaquone-proguanil and doxycycline in non-immune, short-term international travellers, only one clinical case of malaria occurred (4 trials, 1822 participants).Mefloquine safety versus atovaquone-proguanilParticipants receiving mefloquine were more likely to discontinue their medication due to adverse effects than atovaquone-proguanil users (RR 2.86, 95% CI 1.53 to 5.31; 3 RCTs, 1438 participants; high-certainty evidence)....

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Dermatology in the military: an East Timor study

Cited by 16 publications

References 43 publications

Prevalence of skin diseases in civilian and military population in a Turkish military hospital in the central Black Sea region

Prevalence of skin diseases in civilian and military population in a Turkish military hospital in the central Black Sea region

Tropical skin diseases in British military personnel

Mefloquine for preventing malaria during travel to endemic areas

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