Dermatological manifestations in Yusho: correlation between skin symptoms and blood levels of dioxins, such as polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

Uenotsuchi, Takeshi; Nakayama, J; Asahi, Masakazu; Kohro, O; Akimoto, Takamichi; Murakami, Masahiko; Shimizu, Kenji; Katayama, I; Kanzaki, Tohru; Kanagawa, Yoshiyuki; Imamura, Tomohiko; Furue, Masutaka

doi:10.1016/j.descs.2005.03.015

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It may relate to the fact that chloracnegens are highly lipophilic and remain in body fat for sustained periods. The possible role of slow release of chloracnegens from fat cells in chloracne persistence was suggested based on the studies of Yusho patients in Japan in whom lesions persisted longer than 30 years showing a certain degree of correlation with blood levels of chloracnegens (42). Nevertheless, neither the extent nor the duration of chloracne necessarily correlates with the concentration and half‐life of the chloracnegens in the body, thus suggesting alternative mechanisms.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dioxin‐induced chloracne – reconstructing the cellular and molecular mechanisms of a classic environmental disease

Panteleyev

Bickers

2006

Experimental Dermatology

130

120

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: 2,3,7,8‐Tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD) is among the most toxic pollutants known to date that serves as a prototype for a group of halogenated hydrocarbon compounds characterized by extraordinary environmental persistence and unique ability to concentrate in animal and human tissues. TCDD can elicit a complex array of pleiotropic adverse effects in humans, although chloracne, a specific type of acne‐like skin disease, is the only consistent manifestation of dioxin intoxication, thus representing a ‘hallmark’ of TCDD exposure. Chloracne is considered to be one of the most specific and sensitive biomarkers of TCDD intoxication that allows clinical and epidemiological evaluation of exposure level at threshold doses. The specific cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in pathogenesis of chloracne are still unknown. In this review, we summarize the available clinical data on chloracne and recent progress in understanding the role of the dioxin‐dependent pathway in the control of gene transcription and discuss molecular and cellular events potentially involved in chloracne pathogenesis. We propose that the dioxin‐induced activation of skin stem cells and a shift in differentiation commitment of their progeny may represent a major mechanism of chloracne development.

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confidence: 99%

Dioxin‐induced chloracne – reconstructing the cellular and molecular mechanisms of a classic environmental disease

Panteleyev

Bickers

2006

Experimental Dermatology

130

120

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“…This degree of interpersonal difference has previously been noted 11 . In some outbreaks, lesions of chloracne have persisted for several years 16 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 In some outbreaks, lesions of chloracne have persisted for several years. 16 The causative agent of the chloracne in this outbreak was unclear at first but was subsequently recognized as a novel group of chemical compounds described as 'triazoloquinoxalines'. 10 Triazoloquinoxalines may be less metabolically stable than most chloracnegens and so more rapidly excreted from the body.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloracne in seven organic chemists exposed to novel polycyclic halogenated chemical compounds (triazoloquinoxalines)

Gawkrodger

Harris²,

Bojar

2009

British Journal of Dermatology

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Chloracne is an acneiform eruption caused though poisoning by aromatic compounds (usually halogenated) showing a specific molecular configuration. We describe an outbreak of chloracne among seven discovery chemists who synthesized novel polycyclic halogenated chemical compounds which were classified as triazoloquinoxalines, not known to be chloracnegenic. The diagnosis of chloracne, made clinically, elicited a thorough risk assessment and monitoring programme by the occupational health department. The chemists were investigated by serum excretion rates, skin sampling for Propionibacterium acnes, skin biopsy and laboratory blood investigations. Sebum excretion was normal in five cases, raised in one case and severely reduced in another. Skin levels of P. acnes were normal in all patients except for the one subject who had low sebum excretion, in whom they were undetectable. One subject had a slightly raised serum level of alanine aminotransferase. There were no other signs of systemic toxicity. Two subjects were treated with an oral antibiotic, two received topical therapy only and three required no treatment at all. The patients have had thorough health surveillance at 6-monthly and yearly intervals. In each case the chloracne mostly resolved within 18-24 months although on examination about 3 years later, five of the seven still showed minor changes of chloracne. This outbreak emphasizes the need for vigilance in discovery science. The triazoloquinoxalines were not previously recognized as being chloracnegens although their chemical characteristics were subsequently identified as being in keeping with other chemicals that can cause chloracne. Chloracne can be a difficult diagnosis to make when it occurs in a novel setting: occupational physicians and dermatologists need to be vigilant when dealing with unusual eruptions in discovery chemists.

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“…Owing to their strong chemical stability, recalcitrance to degradation, global transfer and bioaccumulation and bioaugmentation via food webs, organohalides are raising concerns about their side effects on public health and ecosystems (Johnson-Restrepo B et al, 2005;Xu et al, 2006;Lu et al, 2019). For example, Japanese rice bran oil contaminated with PCBs and PCDFs in 1968 caused the death of 400,000 birds and 500 people (Uenotsuchi et al, 2005). In addition, the reproductive and immune function of more than half of the population of killer whales (Orcinus orca) are affected by PCBs, even though PCBs have been banned for more than 40 years (Desforges et al, 2018).…”

Section: $-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of microbial reductive dehalogenation with persulfate activation and oxidation (Bio-RD-PAO) for complete attenuation of organohalides

Wang

2021

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

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Due to the toxicity of bioaccumulative organohalides to human beings and ecosystems, a variety of biotic and abiotic remediation methods have been developed to remove organohalides from contaminated environments. Bioremediation employing organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB)-mediated microbial reductive dehalogenation (Bio-RD) represents a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach to attenuate highly-halogenated organohalides, specifically organohalides in soil, sediment and other anoxic environments. Nonetheless, many factors severely restrict the implications of OHRB-based bioremediation, including incomplete dehalogenation, low abundance of OHRB and consequent low dechlorination activity. Recently, the development of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) based on sulfate radicals (SO 4 ·− ) via the persulfate activation and oxidation (PAO) process has attracted tremendous research interest for the remediation of lowly-halogenated organohalides due to its following advantages, e.g., complete attenuation, high reactivity and no selectivity to organohalides. Therefore, integration of OHRB-mediated Bio-RD and subsequent PAO (Bio-RD-PAO) may provide a promising solution to the remediation of organohalides. In this review, we first provide an overview of current progress in Bio-RD and PAO and compare their limitations and advantages. We then critically discuss the integration of Bio-RD and PAO (Bio-RD-PAO) for complete attenuation of organohalides and its prospects for future remediation applications. Overall, Bio-RD-PAO opens up opportunities for complete attenuation and consequent effective in situ remediation of persistent organohalide pollution.

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Dermatological manifestations in Yusho: correlation between skin symptoms and blood levels of dioxins, such as polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Dioxin‐induced chloracne – reconstructing the cellular and molecular mechanisms of a classic environmental disease

Dioxin‐induced chloracne – reconstructing the cellular and molecular mechanisms of a classic environmental disease

Chloracne in seven organic chemists exposed to novel polycyclic halogenated chemical compounds (triazoloquinoxalines)

Integration of microbial reductive dehalogenation with persulfate activation and oxidation (Bio-RD-PAO) for complete attenuation of organohalides

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