Dermal gland secretion improves the heat tolerance of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, allowing for their prolonged exposure to host body temperature

Yoder, Jay A.; Hedges, Brian Z.; Tank, Justin L.; Benoit, Joshua B.

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2009.03.004

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Indeed, previous studies have shown that the ticks with dermal secretion can survive better when they are exposed to high temperature. This nding was reported in R. sanguineus where dermal secretion provided heat tolerance after ticks were mechanically stimulated through leg pinching 30 . In this study, the tick survival after 1 hr.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Other reports also show that the gland secretion contains compounds with pheromonal activity for aggregation, such as: o-nitrophenol and methy-salicylate in the fed male A. variegatum 28 and in A. haebreum 29 . In addition, it has been also reported that dermal excretion through mechanical stimulation provides heat tolerance in R. sanguineus 30 , opening possibilities of multiple functions of the dermal secretion, although the analytical studies for different types of secretion is yet lacking. We hypothesize that the tick dermal secretion, large volume of uid containing small portion of the active compounds, functions for evaporative cooling like the case of sweating in large animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dermal secretion physiology in Metastriata ticks; thermoregulation in the lone star tick Amblyomma americanum

Maldonado-Ruiz

Davis

Park

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Ticks are blood feeding ectoparasites that transmit a wide range of pathogens. The lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum, is one of the most widely distributed ticks in the Midwest and Eastern United States. Lone star ticks, like most three-host ixodid ticks, can survive in harsh environments for extended periods without consuming a blood meal. Physiological mechanisms that allow them to survive during hot and dry season include thermal tolerance and water homeostasis. Large quantity of dermal fluid secretions induced by mechanical stimulation of tick legs has been described in metastriate ticks including Amblyomma. We hypothesize that a function of tick dermal secretion is similar to the sweating in large homeothermal animals. In this study, we found that a contact with a heat probe at 45oC can trigger dermal secretion. We demonstrated that dermal secretion plays a role in evaporative cooling when ticks are exposed to high temperature. We observed that direct contact to a heat probe for 5 seconds at ~ 52oC caused an exhaustive dermal secretion with ~ 4% loss of body weight and resulted in the lethality in 24-hour, indicating that the secretion is associated with significant costs of water loss. We identified type II dermal glands having paired two cells forming large glandular structures. The secretion is triggered by an injection of serotonin and the serotonin-mediated secretion was suppressed by a pretreatment of Ouabain, a Na/K-ATPase blocker, implying that the secretion is controlled by serotonin and the downstream Na/K-ATPase.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dermal secretion physiology in Metastriata ticks; thermoregulation in the lone star tick Amblyomma americanum

Maldonado-Ruiz

Davis

Park

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…sanguineus (brown dog tick) is considered as the most widespread ixodid tick, colonizing both human and animals (31). R. Sanguineus species are very resistant to heat and moisture deficits (32). This species is able to transmit pathogens like Ehrlichia canis to dog (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tick Ectoparasites of Animals in Borderline of Iran-Iraq and Their Role on Disease Transmission

Banafshi

Hanafi‐Bojd

Karimi

et al. 2018

JAD

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Background: Since ticks are potent vectors of various diseases, identification of these species are clinically important to protect the public health and control veterinary problems in the communities. We aimed to figure out the frequency of ticks on cows, goats, sheep, lambs, turtles and also obscure hosts in Kurdistan Province, bordered with Iraq June 2012 to May 2013. Methods: The hosts were selected randomly and examined individually for tick infestation. In case of infestation, ticks were collected using forceps and then preserved in 70% ethyl alcohol. All collected specimens were preserved in tubes and relative information was recorded and then identified based on morphological characteristics. Results: Totally, 1209 ticks were collected. The prevalence of ticks on cows, sheep, goats, lambs, turtles, poultry and obscure hosts was 11.33%, 55.41%, 6.53%, 5.95%, 0.9%, 8.02% and 11.82% respectively. The mean number of ticks on each animal was 1.6. Number of 5 genera, including Rhipicephalus, Argas, Ornithodoros, Hyalomma and Haemaphysalis and 9 species; including R. sanguineus (60.05%), R. bursa (0.08), Hy. anatolicum (12.33), Hy. asiaticum (1.49), Hy. aegyptium (0.91), Hy. marginatum (0.08), Haemaphysalis parva (4.22), Hyalomma sp. (0.99), Ornithodoros lahorensis (11.83), and Argas persicus (8.02) were identified. Conclusion: The most abundant species in this study area was Rh. sanguineus (60.05%). Due to high prevalence of tick specimens and a variety of collected species from sheep (55.41%), the vaccination of sheep and control of tick vectors are recommended..

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“…The spread of the fluid over a large tegument surface, facilitates the heat exchange between the fluid and the body, as well as the evaporation of the fluid, reducing the body temperature of the tick by evaporative cooling. Interestingly, Yoder et al (2009) have shown that dermal gland (sensilla sagittiformia) secretions in the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus are implicated in heat tolerance. Indeed, the secretion and spread of this liquid on the cuticle allow this species to avoid heat stress while feeding on their host.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft ticks perform evaporative cooling during blood-feeding

Lazzari

Fauquet

Lahondère

et al. 2021

Journal of Insect Physiology

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Dermal gland secretion improves the heat tolerance of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, allowing for their prolonged exposure to host body temperature

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Dermal secretion physiology in Metastriata ticks; thermoregulation in the lone star tick Amblyomma americanum

Dermal secretion physiology in Metastriata ticks; thermoregulation in the lone star tick Amblyomma americanum

Tick Ectoparasites of Animals in Borderline of Iran-Iraq and Their Role on Disease Transmission

Soft ticks perform evaporative cooling during blood-feeding

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