Dermal cylindroma – An update and a series of uncommon clinical presentations

Abstract

Objectives: Dermal cylindroma is an uncommon adnexal tumor. Although frequently occurring in the head-and-neck region as a firm nodule with smooth surface, the tumor may rarely occur on other body sites and present atypically. Material and Methods: Patients files from the department during the years 2003–2022 have been analyzed. Clinical data, histopathology, and treatment were collected with a focus on atypical presentations. A short literature review has been performed using PUBMED. Results: We identified six adult Caucasian patients with Fitzpatrick skin type II–III aged between 42 and 74 years, two females and four males. We observed cylindroma of the auricle and the lower leg. One tumor presented as a flat plaque and another one was pedunculated with a mushroom-like shape. Two patients had syndromic cylindroma. One patient presented only with multiple cylindromas of the scalp but no other associated adnexal tumors of Brooke-Spiegler syndrome, while the second one developed multiple malignant tumors of skin and parotid glands. Conclusion: Dermal cylindroma rarely occurs outside the scalp. The clinical presentation is variable. Syndromic cases may present either oligosymptomatic or with multiple associated malignant tumors.