Dermal, but not Epidermal, Immune Reaction in Cutaneous Spiruroid Larva Migrans: Involvement of Basophils in Dermal Interleukin-33 and Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Expression

Abstract

is missing (Short communication)

Lesional Infiltration of Eosinophils, Basophils, and M2 Macrophages Expressing Eotaxin-1 and Eotaxin-3 in Granuloma Faciale, but not in Erythema Elevatum Diutinum

“…CD31 + endothelial cells were observed lining the dermal vasculature. Notably, these vasculatures were accompanied by formation of neutrophil ETs (NETs), identified with an ET marker CitH3 ( 5 ), in both EED and GF lesions ( Fig. 1g, h ).…”

“…ETs principally originate from neutrophils (NETs) and eosinophils (EETs), and their formation requires histone citrullination. NETs and EETs were initially described as having physiological anti-pathogen functions ( 5 ), but are now known to play a role in atherosclerosis, auto-immune disorders (e.g. systemic erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis), and several types of vasculitis ( 3 , 10 , 11 ).…”