Deriving Parameters of a Fundamental Detachment Model for Cohesive Soils from Flume and Jet Erosion Tests

Al-Madhhachi, Abdul-Sahib T.; Hanson, Gregory J.; Fox, Garey A.; Tyagi, Avdhesh K.; Bulut, Rifat

doi:10.13031/2013.42669

Cited by 39 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Al-Madhhachi et al (2013a) provided equivalent erodibility parameters of "mini" JET with original JET under controlled laboratory setup. Al-Madhhachi et al (2013b) verified the used of both original and "mini" JETs with flume experiments by deriving both excess shear stress model and Wilson model parameters. Additionally to widely usage of "mini" JET in the laboratory sitting, Daly et al (2015) used the "mini" JET in the field at the streambanks across the Illinois River watershed in Oklahoma to derive the erodibility parameters and to investigate its variability or uniformity of these parameters at a river basin scale, the relationships between the derived parameters and the soil texture, and the possibility to predict the k d -τ c relationship.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…where r ε is the detachment rate (cm/s), τ is the average hydraulic boundary shear stress (Pa), and a is an empirical exponent assumed to be unity according to Hanson (1990aHanson ( , 1990b and Al-Madhhachi et al (2013a, 2013b.…”

Section: Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The parameters (b 0 and b 1 ) of the Wilson model were also determined using the spreadsheet tool described by Al-Madhhachi et al (2013b). The observed particle detachment rate data is fit to equation (4a) by minimizing the sum of squared differences between the observed and modeled scour depth.…”

Section: Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Wilson model was developed by Wilson (1993aWilson ( , 1993b to describe the detachment of single or aggregate soil particles depending on two mechanistic dimensional soil parameters: b 0 and b 1 . Several studies measure the erodibility of soils using different techniques; Large flumes (Hanson, 1990a;Hanson and Cook, 2004), small flumes (Briaud et al, 2001), laboratory hole erosion test (Wan & Fell, 2004), and a jet erosion test (Hanson, 1990b;Hanson & Cook, 2004;Al-Madhhachi et al, 2013a, 2013b, 2014a, 2014b, which is the focused of this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are two versions of JET devices, the original JET (Hanson, 1990b) and the new miniature version of JET referred as "mini" JET (Simon et al, 2010;Al-Madhhachi et al, 2013a, 2013b. The "mini" JET is smaller, lighter, and required less water compared to original JET.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Lead Pollution on Cohesive Soil Erodibility using Jet Erosion Tests

Salah¹,

Al-Madhhachi²

2016

ENRR

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Recent researches were investigated the high concentrations of Lead in Baghdad soils due to the emissions from Leaded fuel of cars, generators, and the industrials. These high concentrations in addition to their impact on human health may impact on the landscape and streambanks and may cause significant issues on soil erodibility. The erosion rate of cohesive soil was usually estimated using two alternative models, excess shear stress model which is depended on two major soil parameters: the critical shear stress, τ c , and the erodibility coefficient, k d , and Wilson model which is depended on two mechanistic soil parameters: b 0 and b 1 . A new miniature version of Jet Erosion Test ("mini" JET) was performed to derive both model parameters. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of Lead pollution on cohesive soil erodibility using "mini" JET under controlled laboratory setups to predict soil erodibility. In order to observe the Lead contamination on soil erodibility, soil samples were mixed with different quantities of Lead concertation and the samples were packed at ASTM standard mold on two different bulk densities. Results show that the Lead pollution increased soil erodibility when the concentration of Lead increased. An inverse relationship between excess shear stress parameters k d and τ c was observed as well as between Wilson model parameters b 0 and b 1 . The Wilson model parameters were closely resembled the empirical excess shear stress parameters with benefit that Wilson model parameters are mechanistic parameters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Influence of Lead Pollution on Cohesive Soil Erodibility using Jet Erosion Tests

Salah¹,

Al-Madhhachi²

2016

ENRR

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Laboratory soil piping and internal erosion experiments: evaluation of a soil piping model for low‐compacted soils

Fox

Felice

Midgley³

et al. 2013

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Mechanistic models have been proposed for soil piping and internal erosion on well‐compacted levees and dams, but limited research has evaluated these models in less compacted (more erodible) soils typical of hillslopes and streambanks. This study utilized a soil box (50 cm long, 50 cm wide and 20 cm tall) to conduct constant‐head, soil pipe and internal erosion experiments for two soils (clay loam from Dry Creek and sandy loam from Cow Creek streambanks) packed at uniform bulk densities. Initial gravimetric moisture contents prior to packing were 10, 12 and 14% for Dry Creek soil and 8, 12, and 14% for Cow Creek soil. A 1‐cm diameter rod was placed horizontally along the length of the soil bed during packing and carefully removed after packing to create a continuous soil pipe. A constant head was maintained at the inflow end. Flow rates and sediment concentrations were measured from the pipe outlet. Replicate submerged jet erosion tests (JETs) were conducted to derive erodibility parameters for repacked samples at the same moisture contents. Flow rates from the box experiments were used to calibrate the mechanistic model. The influence of the initial moisture content was apparent, with some pipes (8% moisture content) expanding so fast that limited data was collected. The mechanistic model was able to estimate equivalent flow rates to those observed in the experiments, but had difficulty matching observed sediment concentrations when the pipes rapidly expanded. The JETs predicted similar erodibility coefficients compared to the mechanistic model for the more erodible cases but not for the less erodible cases (14% moisture content). Improved models are needed that better define the changing soil pipe cross‐section during supply‐ and transport‐limited internal erosion, especially for piping through lower compacted (more erodible) soils as opposed to more well‐compacted soils resulting from constructing levees and dams. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Evaluating a process‐based model for use in streambank stabilization: insights on the Bank Stability and Toe Erosion Model (BSTEM)

Klavon

Fox

Guertault

et al. 2016

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Streambank retreat is a complex cyclical process involving subaerial processes, fluvial erosion, seepage erosion, and geotechnical failures and is driven by several soil properties that themselves are temporally and spatially variable. Therefore, it can be extremely challenging to predict and model the erosion and consequent retreat of streambanks. However, modeling streambank retreat has many important applications, including the design and assessment of mitigation strategies for stream revitalization and stabilization. In order to highlight the current complexities of modeling streambank retreat and to suggest future research areas, this paper reviewed one of the most comprehensive streambank retreat models available, the Bank Stability and Toe Erosion Model (BSTEM), which has recently been integrated with several popular hydrodynamic and sediment transport models including the Hydrologic Engineering Centerˈs River Analysis System (HEC-RAS). The objectives of this paper were to: (i) comprehensively review studies that have utilized BSTEM and report their findings, (ii) address the limitations of the model so that it can be applied appropriately in its current form, and (iii) suggest directions of research that will help make the model a more useful tool in future applications. The paper includes an extensive overview of peer reviewed studies to guide future users of BSTEM. The review demonstrated that the model needs further testing and evaluation outside of the central United States. Also, further development is needed in terms of accounting for spatial and temporal variability in geotechnical and fluvial erodibility parameters, incorporating subaerial processes, and accounting for the influence of riparian vegetation on streambank pore-water pressure dynamics, applied shear stress, and erodibility parameters.

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Deriving Parameters of a Fundamental Detachment Model for Cohesive Soils from Flume and Jet Erosion Tests

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of Lead Pollution on Cohesive Soil Erodibility using Jet Erosion Tests

Influence of Lead Pollution on Cohesive Soil Erodibility using Jet Erosion Tests

Laboratory soil piping and internal erosion experiments: evaluation of a soil piping model for low‐compacted soils

Evaluating a process‐based model for use in streambank stabilization: insights on the Bank Stability and Toe Erosion Model (BSTEM)

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