Derajad Eosinofilia Pada Penderita Infeksi Soil-Transmitted Helminth (Sth)

Abstract

ABSTRAK Soil-Transmitted Helminth (STH) menginfeksi lebih dari satu milyar orang di seluruh dunia. Di Indonesia, prevalensi STH di beberapa tempat juga masih tinggi, ada diantaranya dengan prevalensi 40-60 % pada semua umur, dengan jenis cacing dan intensitas yang berbeda-beda. Masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitar Tempat Pembuangan sampah Akhir (TPA) biasanya sanitasinya buruk. Beberapa data menunjukkan bahwa pada penderita dengan infeksi STH sering menunjukkan gejala alergi seperti gatal-gatal pada kulit dan batuk kronis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui hubungan infeksi STH dengan angka eosinofil pada masyarakat di sekitar TPA Kelurahan Mojosongo Kecamatan Jebres Kota Surakarta, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Sampel tinja dan darah dikoleksi dari 96 warga yang bersedia berpartisipasi (dengan informed consent). Metode Kato-Katz digunakan untuk mengetahui adanya infeksi STH dan mengetahui intensitas infeksinya. Hitung eosinofil dilakukan pada sediaan apus darah tipis yang dipulas dengan Giemsa untuk mengetahui persentase eosinofil pada penderita. Prevalensi infeksi STH secara keseluruhan sebesar 7,29% (7/96) dengan rata-rata jumlah telur 61 telur per gram feses. Semua menderita infeksi tunggal dan tidak ada yang infeksi campuran. Infeksi hookworm sebesar 6,25% (6/96) dan infeksi Trichuris trichiura sebesar 1,04% (1/96). Tidak ditemukan infeksi Ascaris lumbricoides. Semuanya menderita infeksi ringan. Prevalensi eosinofilia adalah 27,8% (26/96) dengan rata-rata persentase eosinofil 2,63%. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara intensitas infeksi STH dengan angka eosinofil, dengan kekuatan sangat lemah (r=0,190; p=0,032). Kata kunci : infeksi STH, intensitas infeksi STH, angka eosinofil, Kato-Katz, eosinofiliaABSTRACT Soil-Transmitted Helminth (STH) infected more than one million people all over the world. In Indonesia, the prevalence of STH infection is still high in a few places, some of them are 40-60 % of all ages, with different species of helminth and intensity. Citizens around landfills usually has bad sanitary living. Some data showed that patients with STH infection often have alergic symptoms, like itchy on the skin and chronic cough. This research was held to know the relationship between STH infection and eosinophil score at citizens around landfills of Kelurahan Mojosongo Kecamatan Jebres Kota Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Stool and blood sample from 96 citizens who agreed to participate (by informed consent) were collected. Kato-Katz method was used to determine the helminths intensity. Eosinophil count was used on thin blood smear staining by Giemsa to identify the percentage of eosinophil on the subjects. Prevalence of STH infection was 7,29% (7/96) with egg density of 61 Egg Per Gram Feses (EPGF). Single type of helminth infection occured among the participants and there was no co-infection. Hookworm infection was 6,25% (6/96) and Trichuris trichiura infection was 1,04% (1/96). There was no Ascaris lumbricoides infection. All of them were light infection. The prevalence of eosinophilia w...

Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infection and Eosinophil Levels Among Waste Collectors in Banda Aceh

“…Because eosinophilia not only occurs in STH infection but can occurs due to allergies, malignancy and vasculitis but there was no anamnesis in this study nor any physical examination nor a specific allergy test for atopy. The results of this study are similar to the findings in Surakarta, 21 where they were found that of 96 samples of residents living around a landfill, there was 27.1% of them who suffered from eosinophilia. However, our findings were differed from a study in Puerto Rico in densely populated and low-income areas, where they were found that eosinophilia was present in 15 out of 16 people infected with worms (94%).…”

“…The results of this study were similar to the research conducted by Bestari et al which showed that the STH-uninfected subjects with normal eosinophils level are 75.3% and the STH-uninfected subjects with eosinophilia of 24.7%. 21 The results of a research which was conducted by Heukelbach et al in Brazil was showed that there were 14% of samples with eosinophilia without STH infection. 22 The finding of poor statistical association between STH infection and eosinophil level (p-value = 1.00) may be due to eosinophils level being higher in the early invasive phase than in the chronic phase.…”

“…23 The results of this study were differed from that of Bestari et al in Surakarta which suggests that STH-infected subjects with normal eosinophils level were fewer than STHinfected subjects with eosinophilia (43%: 57%). 21 Chronic eosinophilia are associated with chronic inflammation that may contribute to the absence of eosinophils in peripheral blood. 24 In the case of worm infestation, normal eosinophil level can be found because eosinophil maturation and age are heavily dependent on the level of IL-5 which cause eosinophils to be more responsive to granulocyte and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).…”

“…In addition, the highest eosinophilia is usually present in acute worms infection. 21 This is common in developing countries where eosinophilia is caused by parasite invasion, one of which is worms. STH infection has a strong association with eosinophilia, especially in the initial stages of infection, when migratory larvae occur.…”

Soil Transmitted Helminth Infection and Eosinofil Count in Students of Primary School

“…Enforcement of the diagnosis of infectious diseases caused by helminths carried out laboratory tests to find helminth eggs in feces. The diagnosis can also be helped by blood tests with the discovery of eosinophils (Bestar, Supargiyono, Sumarni, & Suyoko, 2015). Increased eosinophil levels can be used as a marker of soil transmitted helminth infection.…”