Deradicalization through Double-Loop Learning? How the Egyptian Gamaa Islamiya Renounced Violence

Abstract

The transformation of the Gamaa Islamiya can be understood by analyzing it against Argyris and Sch€ on's double-loop learning model. This paper bases the analysis on five books published by the Gamaa Islamiya, which include comprehensive elaborations on internal reflections and criticism of Al-Qaeda. While the Gamaa Islamiya's learning can be framed with the model of double-loop learning, Al-Qaeda's reactions can be depicted as a less evolved single-loop learning system. This case is relevant for the discovery of key mechanisms of deradicalization that could be used as a blueprint for other groups.

Options for developing European strategies on citizenship education

“…Finally, disregard of the state's monopoly on the use of force may lead to acts of terrorism aimed at influencing political decisions (Rosenfeld, 2011). It is the task of the political and education systems to support deradicalisation among those who are involved (Goerzing, 2019).…”