Der Zusammenhang zwischen sozialen Ungleichheiten und Covid-19 Fallzahlen auf Stadtteilebene – Eine Fallstudie für 46 Stadtteile der Stadt Duisburg

Straßburger, Max-Leon; Mewes, Lars

doi:10.1515/zfw-2021-0030

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…residential and commercial areas, NDVI and housing space, and the cumulative number of SARS-CoV-2 infections at the neighbourhood level in a metropolitan area in Germany. It thereby complements existing studies on the determinants of COVID-19 cases in Germany [28,29] that did not examine the role of the built environment and offers in addition a more in-depth perspective by using a high spatial resolution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Straßburger and Mewes (2022) examined the relationship between district socio-economic status score and SARS-CoV-2 infections at the city-district level in Duisburg, a city only a few kilometres west of Essen. Their results suggest that socially disadvantaged districts were particularly affected in the second wave of infection [ 29 ]. This is in line with our results, as two of the score components, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Office for Statistics, Urban Research and Elections of the city of Essen prepared this data in collaboration with other institutions specifically for the neighbourhood level, making it more recent than census data. As previous studies investigated the role of demographic and socio-economic factors in Germany [ 28 , 29 ], we focus here on the built environment. Table 1 depicts the built environment factors used individually as expositions in the analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations Between Built Environment Factors and SARS-CoV-2 Infections at the Neighbourhood Level in a Metropolitan Area in Germany

et al. 2023

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COVID-19-related health outcomes displayed distinct geographical patterns within countries. The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 requires close spatial proximity of people, which can be influenced by the built environment. Only few studies have analysed SARS-CoV-2 infections related to the built environment within urban areas at a high spatial resolution. This study examined the association between built environment factors and SARS-CoV-2 infections in a metropolitan area in Germany. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections of 7866 citizens of Essen between March 2020 and May 2021 were analysed, aggregated at the neighbourhood level. We performed spatial regression analyses to investigate associations between the cumulative number of SARS-CoV-2 infections per 1000 inhabitants (cum. SARS-CoV-2 infections) up to 31.05.2021 and built environment factors. The cum. SARS-CoV-2 infections in neighbourhoods (median: 11.5, IQR: 8.1–16.9) followed a marked socially determined north–south gradient. The effect estimates of the adjusted spatial regression models showed negative associations with urban greenness, i.e. normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) (adjusted β = − 35.36, 95% CI: − 57.68; − 13.04), rooms per person (− 10.40, − 13.79; − 7.01), living space per person (− 0.51, − 0.66; − 0.36), and residential (− 0.07, 0.16; 0.01) and commercial areas (− 0.15, − 0.25; − 0.05). Residential areas with multi-storey buildings (− 0.03, − 0.12; 0.06) and green space (0.03, − 0.05; 0.11) did not show a substantial association. Our results suggest that the built environment matters for the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections, such as more spacious apartments or higher levels of urban greenness are associated with lower infection rates at the neighbourhood level. The unequal intra-urban distribution of these factors emphasizes prevailing environmental health inequalities regarding the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations Between Built Environment Factors and SARS-CoV-2 Infections at the Neighbourhood Level in a Metropolitan Area in Germany

et al. 2023

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“…These studies indicated that socioeconomically disadvantaged areas were more susceptible to the spread of COVID-19 on a small scale. COVID-19 cases were, for example, negatively related to income (25, 26, 77) or indices based on socioeconomic data (78)(79)(80)(81)(82) and positively related to population density, average household size (77, 83,84), and the proportion of young people in the population (26,77). These analyses are still pending for Neukölln and no general statements can be made on the basis of our initial exploration.…”

Section: Spatiotemporal Patterns and Clustersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of the COVID-19 pandemic at the neighborhood level in an intra-urban setting

Schmitz

Lakes

Manafa

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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The COVID-19 pandemic represents a worldwide threat to health. Since its onset in 2019, the pandemic has proceeded in different phases, which have been shaped by a complex set of influencing factors, including public health and social measures, the emergence of new virus variants, and seasonality. Understanding the development of COVID-19 incidence and its spatiotemporal patterns at a neighborhood level is crucial for local health authorities to identify high-risk areas and develop tailored mitigation strategies. However, analyses at the neighborhood level are scarce and mostly limited to specific phases of the pandemic. The aim of this study was to explore the development of COVID-19 incidence and spatiotemporal patterns of incidence at a neighborhood scale in an intra-urban setting over several pandemic phases (March 2020–December 2021). We used reported COVID-19 case data from the health department of the district Berlin-Neukölln, Germany, additional socio-demographic data, and text documents and materials on implemented public health and social measures. We examined incidence over time in the context of the measures and other influencing factors, with a particular focus on age groups. We used incidence maps and spatial scan statistics to reveal changing spatiotemporal patterns. Our results show that several factors may have influenced the development of COVID-19 incidence. In particular, the far-reaching measures for contact reduction showed a substantial impact on incidence in Neukölln. We observed several age group-specific effects: school closures had an effect on incidence in the younger population (< 18 years), whereas the start of the vaccination campaign had an impact primarily on incidence among the elderly (> 65 years). The spatial analysis revealed that high-risk areas were heterogeneously distributed across the district. The location of high-risk areas also changed across the pandemic phases. In this study, existing intra-urban studies were supplemented by our investigation of the course of the pandemic and the underlying processes at a small scale over a long period of time. Our findings provide new insights for public health authorities, community planners, and policymakers about the spatiotemporal development of the COVID-19 pandemic at the neighborhood level. These insights are crucial for guiding decision-makers in implementing mitigation strategies.

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“…Socioeconomic, ethnic and geographical inequalities in COVID-19 infections and mortality have been found in many countries worldwide (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). For example, in the UK mortality rates in deprived areas were more than twice as high as in affluent areas (8, 9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involving trained community health mediators in COVID-19 prevention measures. A process evaluation from Bremen, Germany

Brand,

Gerstmann,

Samkange-Zeeb

et al. 2023

Front. Digit. Health

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ObjectiveThe objective was to assess the feasibility of incorporating trained community health mediators in COVID-19 prevention in a multicultural and disadvantaged setting in Bremen, Germany. Specifically, we aimed to develop and implement measures corresponding to the needs of the residents and to analyse the role of digital communication tools and sustainability factors of the health mediator approach.MethodsA comprehensive process evaluation using 41 qualitative interviews with residents, mediator short surveys and group discussions, work documentation sheets, and a stakeholder workshop was carried out.ResultsUncertainties due to changing regulations, a lack of trust and fear of potential side effects were major themes identified in the needs assessment. The eight mediators documented more than 1,600 contacts. Digital communication via Facebook was a useful tool, but personal contacts remained crucial for communicating with residents. The participatory approach, multilingualism and the flexibility to react to dynamic situations were identified as relevant factors for the success and sustainability of the health mediator approach.ConclusionMultilingual health mediators can facilitate contact with and dissemination of health information to different communities and also can play an important role in pandemic preparedness.

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Der Zusammenhang zwischen sozialen Ungleichheiten und Covid-19 Fallzahlen auf Stadtteilebene – Eine Fallstudie für 46 Stadtteile der Stadt Duisburg

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Associations Between Built Environment Factors and SARS-CoV-2 Infections at the Neighbourhood Level in a Metropolitan Area in Germany

Associations Between Built Environment Factors and SARS-CoV-2 Infections at the Neighbourhood Level in a Metropolitan Area in Germany

Exploration of the COVID-19 pandemic at the neighborhood level in an intra-urban setting

Involving trained community health mediators in COVID-19 prevention measures. A process evaluation from Bremen, Germany

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