Der Private Verbrauch in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland

Rau, Rainer

doi:10.3790/978-3-428-42457-3

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…1-2 we have plotted our theoretical results together with the experimental data for Suprasil W [14]. At temperatures between 100 mK and 15 K there is full agreement between experiment and theory; for both absorption and sound velocity the measured data could be reproduced with the same numerical values for γ and C. A similarly good agreement has been found at other frequencies and in recent experiments on GeO 2 [15].…”

supporting

confidence: 75%

Relaxation due to Incoherent Tunnelling in Dielectric Glasses

Neu

Würger

1994

Europhys. Lett.

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A new relaxation mechanism is shown to arise from overdamped two-level systems above a critical temperature T * ≈ 5 K, thus yielding an explanation for experimental observations in dielectric glasses in the temperature range between T * and the relaxation peak at 50 K. Using the distribution function of the tunnelling model for the parameters of the two-level systems, both the linear decrease of the sound velocity and the linear increase of the absorption up to the relaxation maximum, are quantitatively accounted for by our theory.PACS. 61.40-amorphous and polymeric materials PACS. 63.50 -disordered solids, vibrational states PACS. 77.22G -relaxation phenomena, dielectrics

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supporting

confidence: 75%

Relaxation due to Incoherent Tunnelling in Dielectric Glasses

Neu

Würger

1994

Europhys. Lett.

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“…3 the main recovery structure can be seen more clearly. For comparison purposes in this figure we have added the recovery curve of a third defect property, the release of stored energy as measured by Rau3) [39] after neutron irradiation under identical conditions. Measurements of stored energy were performed during heating up of the samples at a constant rate of 0.3 K/min.…”

Section: Recovery Behuuiourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volume and electrical resistivity change in niobium after neutron irradiation at 4.6 K

Dönitz

Hertz

Waidelich

et al. 1974

Phys. Stat. Sol. (a)

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Pure niobium single crystals and wires were irradiated at 4.6 K by fast neutrons. Lattice parameter change Δa/a and resistivity change Δϱ were determined simultaneously at 4.2 and 9.2 K, respectively, and recovery was studied by an isochronal annealing program. The defect‐specific ratio of both property changes was found to be (Δa/a)/Δϱ = (0.25 ± 0.015)× 103 (Ωem)−1. Using this result the volume change and resistivity change due to a Frenkel defect are discussed. For the recovery behaviour a model in analogy to that known for f.c.c. metals is given. The small differences in the recovery of lattice parameter and resistivity can be essentially interpreted by different impurity contents of the samples.

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“…With increasing temperature the p-wave scattering contribution increases. We suppose that recombination of close pairs together with interstitial clustering due to longrange interstitial diffusion takes place in this temperature region [5] The process continues until 40 O K where the scattering becomes more s-like again until 80 OK. Since the defect type(s) present in this region is (are) not known no interpretation of this change towards a more isotropic behaviour can be given up to now.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…2 and 3a results are shown for a sample which was irradiated with 3.88 x lo1* electrons/cm2 (producing a defect concentration of about 2. 5 x and then annealed. During the irradiation H, increases approximately linearly with AQ = eeo (full circle in Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper Critical Field Changes in Electron‐Irradiated Niobium

Ullmaier¹,

Papastaikoudis²,

Schilling³

1970

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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Measurements are reported of the dependence of the upper critical field Hc2 on the concent,ration and configuration of Frenkel defects in niobium. The defects were produced by low-temperature irradiation with 3 MeV electrons and subsequent annealing treatments. The results qualitatively confirm a theory by Eilenberger which predicts that H c 2 not only depends on the electronic mean free path but also on the ratio between s-and p-wave scattering of the defects. E s wird iiber Messungen der Abhangigkeit des oberen kritischen Feldes Hc2 von der Konzentration und Konfiguration von Frenkeldefekten in Niob berichtet. Die Defekte wurden durch Bestrahlung mit 3-MeV-Elektronen bei tiefen Temperaturen und durch eine anschlielende Erholungsbehandlung erzeugt. Die Resultate sind qualitativ in Einklang mit einer Theorie von Eilenberger, diezeigt, d a l H c 2 nicht nur von der mittleren freien Wegliinge der Elektronen, sondern auch vom Verhaltnis zwischen s-und p-Wellenstreuung der Defekte abhangt.

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Der Private Verbrauch in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland

Abstract: Verwendung insgesamt Wirtschaftszweige 1 37 38 391 39 n 40 41 42 43 44=38 + 43 Land-u. Forstwirtschaft 3" 7 Alle Wirtschaftszweige 38 Einkommen aus unselbständiger Arbeit

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Relaxation due to Incoherent Tunnelling in Dielectric Glasses

Relaxation due to Incoherent Tunnelling in Dielectric Glasses

Volume and electrical resistivity change in niobium after neutron irradiation at 4.6 K

Upper Critical Field Changes in Electron‐Irradiated Niobium

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