Der Nachweis unsichtbarer („physiologischer”) Fluor‐Immissionsschädigungen an Waldbäumen durch eine einfache kolorimetrische Bestimmung der Peroxidase‐Aktivität

Abstract

The detection of hidden F‐injury of forest trees by a simple colorimetric determination of peroxidase actívity. The paper describes a simple routine method for determining colorimetrically peroxidase activity (p. a.) in foliage of forest tree species, including conifers. The effect of factors such as foliage age, F Content, external F dust, necrosis etc. on p. a. is investigated. Analyses of plants exposed at different distances to F exhalates of an aluminum plant show that with decreasing distance F content and p. a. increase. P. a. thus is an indicator of air pollution effects on tree physiology even in the range where no visible symptoms of injury occur.

Biochemical traits of lichens differing in relative desiccation tolerance

“…Peroxidases were determined spectrophotometrically (Keller & Schwager, 1971). 30–150 mg of freeze‐dried, ground lichen powder were extracted in 3–7 ml of phosphate buffer (pH 7) using an ultraturrax mixer (Merck).…”

Industrial air pollution and peroxidase activity in Scots pine needles – two case studies

“…Genetical differences between clones (KELLER 1976;KIELISZEWSKA-ROKICKA 1979;ECKERT et al 1982) and families (NIEMTUR 1979) may cause inconsistent responses of peroxidase to pollution stress. Seasonal, plant developmental (KELLER and SCHWAGER 1971;EsTERBAUER et al 1978;KHAN and MALHOTRA 1982), and climatic factors (JOKINEN et al 1983) can also complicate matters. Studies on the effects of controlled ozone exposures in bean and tomato plants have also concluded that peroxidase activity is too sensitive to and dependent on a number of endogenous and environmental factors to perform well as an indicator of pollution stress (ENDRESS et al 1980).…”

Effects of SO2 on photosynthesis and peroxidase activity in Scots pine needles

“…The measurement of total peroxidase activity of pine needles was based on the method developed by KELLER and SCHWAGER (1972), but it was slightly modified at the Finnish Meteorological Institute. The temperature of the sample was kept stable during measurement by a cooled cell chamber.…”

“…It has been suggested that the changes in total peroxidase activity describe air pollution stress and thus may be used in practical air pollution monitoring (KELLER and ScHWAGER 1972;KELLER 1974) and to detect latent injuries caused by low pollution concentrations (KELLER 1981 peroxidase activity is sensitive to the internal physiological conditions ofthe plant (ENDRESS et al 1980) and to environmental factors. In addition, in conifers PO activity is genetically polymorphous, which may cause problems in the reliable separation of responses due to pollution from responses due to environmental factors, especially latent injuries (JOKINEN et al 1983).…”

“…Various stress factors have been found to affect the level of total peroxidase activity (Burr 1980). It has been suggested that the changes in total peroxidase activity describe air pollution stress and thus may be used in practical air pollution monitoring (KELLER and ScHWAGER 1972;KELLER 1974) and to detect latent injuries caused by low pollution concentrations (KELLER 1981 Katainen, R. Karjalainen, E. Makinen, J. Jokinen, andS. Kellomaki peroxidase activity is sensitive to the internal physiological conditions ofthe plant (ENDRESS et al 1980) and to environmental factors.…”