Der Gehalt an Tryptophan, Kynurenin, 3-Hydroxy-kynurenin und Ommochromen bei den überwinternden Eiern des Seidenspinners<i>Bombyx mori</i>während der Entwicklung

Koga, Naofumi; Osanai, Minoru

doi:10.1515/bchm2.1967.348.1.979

Cited by 24 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Yolk cells and yolk granules change shape and their physical properties as part of the diapause process (Miya et aI., 1972). The most striking feature of the diapausing eggs is the dark coloration of the serosal cells due to the fonnation of ommochrome pigment (Koga and Osanai, 1967;Fig. 18.2).…”

Section: Embryogenesis Of Silkwormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silkworm Eggs at Low Temperatures: Implications for Sericulture

Yamashita¹,

Yaginuma²

1991

Insects at Low Temperature

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Embryogenesis Of Silkwormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silkworm Eggs at Low Temperatures: Implications for Sericulture

Yamashita¹,

Yaginuma²

1991

Insects at Low Temperature

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…It has been reported that the eggs and adult compound eyes of the silkworm Bombyx mori contain a combination of the ommochrome pigments, ommin and xanthommatin (Kawase and Aruga, 1954;Koga and Osanai, 1967;Linzen, 1974;Sawada et al, 2000). Many Bombyx egg and eye color mutants have been preserved and used to study insect genetics such as homologous recombination (Ariga and Murakami, 1975;Ariga and Murakami, 1976) and parthenogenetic induction (Hirokawa, 1993;Hirokawa, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positional cloning of a Bombyx pink-eyed white egg locus reveals the major role of cardinal in ommochrome synthesis

Osanai-Futahashi

Futahashi

et al. 2015

Heredity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ommochromes are major insect pigments involved in coloration of compound eyes, eggs, epidermis and wings. In the silkworm Bombyx mori, adult compound eyes and eggs contain a mixture of the ommochrome pigments such as ommin and xanthommatin. Here, we identified the gene involved in ommochrome biosynthesis by positional cloning of B. mori egg and eye color mutant pink-eyed white egg (pe). The recessive homozygote of pe has bright red eyes and white or pale pink eggs instead of a normal dark coloration due to the decrease of dark ommochrome pigments. By genetic linkage analysis, we narrowed down the pe-linked region to~258 kb, containing 17 predicted genes. RNA sequencing analyses showed that the expression of one candidate gene, the ortholog of Drosophila haem peroxidase cardinal, coincided with egg pigmentation timing, similar to other ommochrome-related genes such as Bm-scarlet and Bm-re. In two pe strains, a common missense mutation was found within a conserved motif of B. mori cardinal homolog (Bm-cardinal). RNA interference-mediated knockdown and transcription activatorlike effector nuclease (TALEN)-mediated knockout of the Bm-cardinal gene produced the same phenotype as pe in terms of egg, adult eye and larval epidermis coloration. A complementation test of the pe mutant with the TALEN-mediated Bm-cardinaldeficient strain showed that the mutant phenotype could not be rescued, indicating that Bm-cardinal is responsible for pe. Moreover, knockdown of the cardinal homolog in Tribolium castaneum also induced red compound eyes. Our results indicate that cardinal plays a major role in ommochrome synthesis of holometabolous insects.

show abstract

“…For example, histidine is almost not metabolized during the pupal stage of Bombyx mori (Osanai and Kikuta, 1981). In contrast, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan could be metabolized and polymerized to various pigments (Koga and Osanai, 1967;Neehdam, 1978;Kayser, 1985;Umebachi, 2000). Pigments accumulated in the wing scales of butterflies, which are related to the excretion of nitrogenous substances, are regarded as storage excretory materials in "kidneys of accumulation" (Cochran, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perturbation of the Wing Color Pattern of a Swallowtail Butterfly, Papilio xuthus, Induced by Acid Carboxypeptidase

Umebachi

Osanai

2003

Zoological Science

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hypodermal injection of Toughmac-E, a digestive mixture composed of nine digestive components, or Molsin induced perturbation of the wing color pattern in 0- to 2-day-old pupae of Papilio xuthus, but had no effect on prepupae or 3- to 4-day-old pupae. The effective component in Toughmac-E was identified as Molsin, an acid carboxypeptidase of Aspergillus saitoi which specifically liberates tyrosine and phenylalanine from the C-terminal residues of proteins. The pattern perturbation occurred in either side of the fore- and hindwings of both sexes. When this enzyme was administered, stronger melanization than in the normal wings was found in the whole wings of most butterflies, but in other butterflies, the yellow region was enlarged. These findings suggest that the pattern perturbation was caused by changes in the levels of melanin and papiliochromes in scales. Melanin is a black pigment and papiliochromes are yellow pigments; their common precursor is dopamine. The normal pattern is formed by a predetermined balance of melanin and papiliochromes, whereas the deposit of an excess amount of tyrosine and/or phenylalanine disturbs this balance and results in perturbation of the color pattern. Administration of L-dopa or dopamine had no effect on the wing pattern. When the activity of an endogenous acid carboxypeptidase similar to Molsin appears in the early pupa, the summed activities of the endogenous and exogenous acid carboxypeptidases must induce a pattern perturbation. The relations between the endogenous acid carboxypeptidase and its probable substrate, the reserve protein, and the physiological roles of these relations in the regulation, utilization and excretion of amino acids are discussed.

show abstract

Der Gehalt an Tryptophan, Kynurenin, 3-Hydroxy-kynurenin und Ommochromen bei den überwinternden Eiern des SeidenspinnersBombyx moriwährend der Entwicklung

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Silkworm Eggs at Low Temperatures: Implications for Sericulture

Silkworm Eggs at Low Temperatures: Implications for Sericulture

Positional cloning of a Bombyx pink-eyed white egg locus reveals the major role of cardinal in ommochrome synthesis

Perturbation of the Wing Color Pattern of a Swallowtail Butterfly, Papilio xuthus, Induced by Acid Carboxypeptidase

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About