Der experimentelle Diabetes

Usadel, K. H.; Schwedes, U.; Schöffling, Κ.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-66033-7_12

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…Development of diabetes, however, depends to a large extent on the animal species and the surgical techniques applied [1]. In contrast with dogs [2], total pancreatectomy is difficult to achieve in rats because of the diffuseness of the organ in this species. Furthermore, published data indicate possible differences in the susceptibility of various strains of rats to the development diabetes.…”

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Subtotal pancreatectomy in five different rat strains: Incidence and course of development of diabetes

Kaufmann

Rodríguez

1984

Diabetologia

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Summary.The incidence and course of development of diabetes was studied for 12 months after subtotal pancreatectomy in five strains of rats. Operations were performed on 5-7-week old-male animals weighing 100-140 g, and, subsequently, rats with fasting blood glucose levels > 8.3 mmol/1 were considered to be diabetic. In Fi~llinsdorf Albino rats, the proportion of diabetic animals gradually increased during the course of the experiment to a maximum of 83%. In Holtzman and Piebald rats, the highest incidence (58% and 28% respectively) was observed 2-3 months after surgery, after which partial remission of their diabetes occurred. Spontaneously hypertensive rats completely recovered from an initially mild diabetic state within 6 months of the operation. In Lewis rats, only a small number of animals (15%) became diabetic towards the end of the experiment. The severity of diabetes also differed considerably between strains. The pancreatic insulin content in diabetic rats was 2%-7% and in operated non-diabetic rats 17%-26% of values in non-operated control animals of the same age and strain. However, in the operated non-diabetic rats, glucose tolerance and the insulin response to glucose were also impaired.It is concluded that there are marked inter-strain differences in rats concerning the incidence and development of diabetes following subtotal pancreatectomy.Key words: Subtotal pancreatectomy, rat, diabetes, fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance, insulin secretion, pancreatic-insulin, regeneration.Pancreatectomy is one of the standard procedures in experimental diabetes research. Development of diabetes, however, depends to a large extent on the animal species and the surgical techniques applied [1]. In contrast with dogs [2], total pancreatectomy is difficult to achieve in rats because of the diffuseness of the organ in this species. Furthermore, published data indicate possible differences in the susceptibility of various strains of rats to the development diabetes. For example, in male Wistar Albino rats, the incidence of diabetes was reported to be 90% 6 months after subtotal pancreatectomy [3] and 50% after 3 months [4], while in another, not exactly defined strain (hooded rats), all animals became diabetic within 8 days of the operation [5]. This apparent variation led us to investigate the incidence and the course of development of diabetes during 12 months after subtotal pancreatectomy in five strains of rats available to us from our local breeding station. Materials and methods AnimalsMale SPF rats (aged 5-7 weeks, 100-140 g body weight) of the following strains were obtained from the Institut ftir Biologisch-Medizinische Forschung, Ftillinsdorf, Switzerland: Fiillinsdorf-Albino (Wistar derived), spontaneously hypertensive rats (Okamato [6]), Lewis, Holtzman (Sprague Dawley derived) and Piebald (hooded). Approximately 1 week after their transfer to the local animal room (23 ~ 50%-60% relative humidity), the rats were fasted overnight and then anaesthetized with a combination of ketamine-HCl (90 mg/kg, i...

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confidence: 99%

Subtotal pancreatectomy in five different rat strains: Incidence and course of development of diabetes

Kaufmann

Rodríguez

1984

Diabetologia

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“…The diabetogenic action is mediated by selective destruction of pancreatic insulin producing cells (fi cells) (Junod et al, 1967), possibly by alteration of their outer cell membranes (Orci et al, 1976). To produce diabetes, SZ can be administered in a single high dose (rat, mouse, dog, guinea-pig, monkey) (Brosky and Logothetopoulos, 1969;Ganda et al, 1076;Levine et al, 1980;Usadel et al, 1975) or in multiple subdiabetogenic doses (mouse). The latter was first described by Like and Rossini in 1976 for Charles River CD-i mice.…”

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Low Dose Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes in Mice

Cossel¹,

Schneider²,

Kuttler³

et al. 2009

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes

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The experimental animal model of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type I diabetes), which was for the first time described by Like and Rossini (1976) for Charles River CD-1 mice and produced by the application of multiple subdiabetogenic streptozotocin (SZ) doses, has been reproduced in the mouse strain C57 Bl/KsJ which has been bred over several generations at the Central Institute for Diabetes Karlsburg (since 1975). Male mice were given subdiabetogenic intraperitoneal injections of SZ (40 mg/kg b.w.) on five days running.--The simultaneously performed metabolic, light and electron microscopical, histochemical, fluorescence microscopical, and morphometric examinations show that the small doses of SZ lead to a metabolic disturbance in the islets of Langerhans already on the third day of the experiment (after the first two SZ injections) which is associated with a high-degree reduction or an interruption of the insulin production. Subsequently, on the 8th day (three days after the last SZ injection) up to the 20th day an insulitis occurs which is characterized by a target cell reaction of lymphocytes against the beta cells and leads to the lysis of the majority of the beta cells. In the course and after the insulitis, a persisting insulin deficiency diabetes develops with lacking signs of an attempt to replace the perished beta cells. For the time being, the nature of this target beta cell destruction by lymphocytes remains unclear. According to the enzyme-histochemical and electron microscopical results, the involved lymphocytes are natural killer cells (NK cells) rather than T cells. The release of the target cell reaction is obviously effected by the initial metabolic disturbances in the beta cells intervening in the insulin synthesis. Virus bodies do not play any role in this process. The importance of this animal model to human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is discussed.

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Medikamenteninduzierter Diabetes

Schatz¹

1987

Verhandlungen Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Für Innere Medizin

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Der experimentelle Diabetes

Cited by 4 publications

References 152 publications

Subtotal pancreatectomy in five different rat strains: Incidence and course of development of diabetes

Subtotal pancreatectomy in five different rat strains: Incidence and course of development of diabetes

Low Dose Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes in Mice

Medikamenteninduzierter Diabetes

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