In previous studies (Miller, '35), it was observed that the injection of crystalline thyroxin alters the sexually dimorphic plumage of the male English sparrow. With the findings of Lillie and Juhn ('32), Greenwood and Blyth ('29), Hill and Parkes ('35), and others, they indicate that the thyroid hormone has a marked influence upon basic processes involved in feather growth and coloration. Therefore it seemed desirable to study the bird thyroid in its relationship to more general physiological processes.The present investigation is concerned chiefly with three aspects of this problem: 1) The seasonal cycle in thyroid activity of the normal sparrow has been followed by observing variations i n both metabolic rate and the histology of the gland throughout the year. 2) The relationship between indirect stimulation by the thyrotropic principle of the anterior pituitary and direct action of thyroxin has been studied by a comparison of their effects upon plumage pattern, thyroid histology, and metabolic rate.3) The problem of the possible production of antithyrotropic hormone or other inhibitors in response to the prolonged administration of thyrotropic hormone has been submitted to experimental tests.