Der Blutspiegel des INH bei Erwachsenen und Kindern

Bartmann, K; Massmann, W

doi:10.1007/bf02142353

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…With a renal clearance for the free form of only 41 ml per minute, the kidneys account for only about one-fourth of the plasma clearance in slow inactivators, and one-twelfth in rapid ones (7,28). The concentrations of isoniazid in plasma at a dose of 10 (29), the slow enzyme is exposed to three times the time-concentration product and works almost three times as hard. Consequently, net production of acetylated isoniazid is almost onehalf as great as in the rapid inactivator.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial purification and properties of the isoniazid transacetylase in human liver. Its relationship to the acetylation of p-aminosalicylic acid.

Jennne¹

1965

J. Clin. Invest.

129

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The heritable trait of rapid and slow inactivation of isoniazid (isonicotinic acid hydrazide) in man is a topic of considerable interest in the developing field of pharmacogenetics (1). Although differences in acetylation appear to be the principal reason for inactivation differences, knowledge of the specific enzymic basis as well as of the relationship of this trait to the acetylation of chemically related compounds is scant.Some in vitro information has been obtained. Localization of the variability in acetylation to the transacetylase has been reported by two laboratories. Evans and White, using homogenate of wedge biopsies of human liver, successfully correlated isoniazid inactivation phenotype and the disappearance rate of either isoniazid or sulfamethazine [N'-(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl) sulfanilamide] in the presence of both generated and fixed concentrations of acetyl-CoA (2, 3). A suggestive correlation was found with the rate of hydralazine (1-hydrazinophthalazine) disappearance as well. p-Aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and sulfanilamide were not metabolized.While using different methods, we reported in a preliminary communication that, in the presence of constant acetyl-CoA, wide variations in isoniazid acetylation activity were found in the soluble fraction of postmortem liver and intestinal mucosa (4). The activity could be concentrated by 50%o saturation with ammonium sulfate. Hydralazine was a very strong inhibitor of the reaction, but

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial purification and properties of the isoniazid transacetylase in human liver. Its relationship to the acetylation of p-aminosalicylic acid.

Jennne¹

1965

J. Clin. Invest.

129

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“…The most exact dosage is 200 mg/m 2 body surface area (BSA); alternatively, doses can be calculated per kilogram body weight (Table 3) [7]. In children, it is important to adapt the dosages to the weight/BSA during therapy.…”

Section: Chemopreventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optimal dose in children should be calculated per BSA but can be adapted to mg/kg body weight [7,77]. Doses given here may vary from doses recommended by WHO and are mainly based on recommendations from Europe and the United States (Tables 4 and 5) [4,19,84].…”

Section: Management Of Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposed management of childhood tuberculosis in low-incidence countries

Magdorf

Detjen

2008

Eur J Pediatr

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The incidence of childhood tuberculosis continues to decline in central Europe, but due to migration from high incidence countries paediatricians will still be confronted with it. The management of childhood tuberculosis in low-incidence, high-income countries differs from most high-incidence countries. The primary measures for preventing the transmission of tuberculosis to children are the detection of adult source cases, detection of latent TB infection (LTBI) in children by history, tuberculin skin testing and, if necessary and recommended, interferon-gamma release assays. Children with LTBI should receive preventive therapy. The inclusion of tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of unclear pulmonary and extrapulmonary disease remains important, and tuberculosis has to be managed according to international standards.

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“… *: As the risk of isoniazid‐induced hepatitis increases with dose when isoniazid is used in combination with rifampicin, some authors suggest not exceeding 10 mg·kg body weight ‐1 ·day ‐1 [83, 84]. Evidence exists that a dose of 5 mg·kg body weight ‐1 ·day ‐1 [85] is appropriate and safe; + : a dose of 50 mg·kg body weight ‐1 ·day ‐1 is considered sufficient by other authors [86]; § : as a dose of 15 mg·kg body weight ‐1 ·day ‐1 is considered safer and a dose of 25 more effective [22], the American Thoracic Society recommends 25 mg·kg body weight ‐1 ·day ‐1 during the intensive phase of treatment (8 weeks) followed by 15 mg·kg body weight ‐1 ·day ‐1 during the continuation phase [23].…”

Section: Treatment In Special Situationsmentioning

confidence: 99%