Depth profile analysis of various titanium based coatings on steel and tungsten carbide using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma - "time of flight" mass spectrometry

Bleiner, Davide; Plotnikov, A. F.; Vogt, Carsten; Wetzig, K.; Günther, Detlef

doi:10.1007/s002160000417

Cited by 68 publications

(59 citation statements)

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“…36 In particular, the flat-top beam profile of the 193 nm ArF excimer laser used in this work is ideal for this kind of application, as documented in previous works. [37][38][39] In principle, by using an output energy significantly exceeding the threshold and a sufficiently wide laser beam diameter, it is possible to obtain representative compositional data throughout the process of ablation, as long as a value of 6 for the depth/ diameter ratio is not exceeded, 34 although for this particular laser system it has been recommended not to exceed a depth/diameter ratio of 1.5, in order to achieve uniform flat-bottomed craters. 40 The examination of the craters obtained after ablation of the samples by SEM permitted us to estimate that the penetration depth obtained after firing 600 pulses varied between 21 and 27 µm, corresponding to approximately 40 nm of penetration per pulse.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry for the Characterization of Pigments in Prehistoric Rock Art

et al. 2007

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In this work, several red-colored paintings of post-Paleolithic schematic style found in 10 different shelters in the vicinity of the Vero River (Huesca) were sampled and subjected to analysis by means of scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDX), Raman spectroscopy, and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). The goal of this research was to obtain meaningful information on the samples composition, in order to establish differences or similarities among them. The combined use of these techniques proved beneficial, as Raman data permitted structural information on the compounds present (hematite was identified as the main pigment, whereas calcite and gypsum are the main components of the substrate layer, as well as of the accretions that covered the pigments) to be obtained, while the quantitative values obtained by SEM were suitable for the use of Ca as internal reference during LA-ICPMS analysis. However, it was this latter technique that provided the most relevant data for fingerprinting purposes. The potential of this technique for obtaining spatially resolved information allowed the multielement quantitative analysis of the pigment layer, in spite of the presence of superficial accretions. The sensitivity of the technique permitted the determination of more than 40 elements present in a wide concentration range (from microgram per gram to 10% level) with minimum sample consumption (approximately 900 ng for each sample, corresponding to five replicates). Finally, in order to establish significant differences, only those elements showing a high correlation with Fe (As, Co, Mo, Sb, Tl, and Zr, in this case) were selected, as it is expected that these were truly present in the original pigment, while others could have migrated into the pigment layer throughout time. By using this information, it seems feasible to discriminate between various paint pots, as demonstrated for the samples under investigation.At the end of the Ice Age, the great herds that had provided sustenance for the Paleolithic hunters disappeared from France and Spain. In the large forest areas that flourished owing to the warmer climate, groups of deer and related species lived. These animals were fast and elusive and, thus, much harder to hunt. As a consequence, man had to modify his hunting techniques, as well as forage for the seeds and fruits that the forest provided or the fish that were available in rivers or on the coast. Cooperation was essential, and this change was reflected in the art of this postPaleolithic period. 1 Bands of such hunter-gatherers left a record of their activities in shelters scattered throughout the Iberian Peninsula, among other regions. The differences with Paleolithic paintings are evident, as a simpler silhouette technique emerges. Moreover, the new paintings seem to have a clear narrative meaning, featuring a higher proportion of hominine figures. 2 Investigation of these paintings can provide relevant hints about the technological level as ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry for the Characterization of Pigments in Prehistoric Rock Art

et al. 2007

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“…Exceptional attributes of ICP-TOF-MS, such as high speed of data acquisition, an ability to obtain a full elemental analysis in a time-frame suited to a transient inlet system and significantly better, as compared with widely used quadrupole ICP-MS, the precision of the measurements generate increasing interest in the technique. The ICP-TOF-MS has been successfully coupled to LA, [120][121][122][123][124][125][126] ETV, 127 GC, [128][129][130][131][132] liquid chromatography, 133,134 CE 135,136 and FIA. [137][138][139][140][141] Detailed reviews of the development and analytical performance of TOF-MS combined with ICP ion source have been presented.…”

Section: An Overview Of Analytical Applications Of Tof-ms Analyzersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[120][121][122][123][124][125][126] A detection limit of 10 ppb for lead in a cast-iron standard has been reported from integration of a 0.3 s transient signal generated by a single laser pulse. 120 The opimization of various ICP-TOF-MS parameters for laser-induced aerosols and for the analysis of tin-rich fluid inclusions has been described.…”

Section: Applications Of Icp-tof-ms Technique In Elemental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential of LA-ICP-TOF-MS as a complementary technique for the fast depth determination of various coatings in the lowto-medium µm region has been demonstrated in the analysis of different single-layer titanium based coatings on steel and tungsten carbides. 123 The benefits of combining the LA with the ICP-TOF-MS have been demonstrated in the multi-elemental analysis of lubricating oils. 125 Good agreements were obtained for Na, Mg, Al, Ti, Cr, Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Ag and Pb by using both LA and conventional systems employing sample decomposition steps.…”

Section: Applications Of Icp-tof-ms Technique In Elemental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Overview of Analytical Applications of Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometric (TOF-MS) Analyzers and an Inductively Coupled Plasma-TOF-MS Technique

Balcerzak

2003

ANAL. SCI.

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“…[7][8][9][10] The real advantage, however, is the ability of the technique to provide information on spatial distribution in all three dimensions, dealing with inhomogeneous samples. The changing transient signals can provide information about the presence of heterogeneities, although the time delay in the sample transport system (including the sample cell volume) is a limiting factor, causing signal mixing during the transportation of the ablated material, and preventing accurate identification of the exact origin of every signal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic Samples Preparation to Identify Al2O3 Particles in Steel by Laser Ablation ICP Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2008

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Depth profile analysis of various titanium based coatings on steel and tungsten carbide using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma - "time of flight" mass spectrometry

Cited by 68 publications

References 0 publications

Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry for the Characterization of Pigments in Prehistoric Rock Art

Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry for the Characterization of Pigments in Prehistoric Rock Art

An Overview of Analytical Applications of Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometric (TOF-MS) Analyzers and an Inductively Coupled Plasma-TOF-MS Technique

Synthetic Samples Preparation to Identify Al2O3 Particles in Steel by Laser Ablation ICP Mass Spectrometry

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