Depth Dependent Relationships between Temperature and Ocean Heterotrophic Prokaryotic Production

Lønborg, Christian; Cuevas, L. Antonio; Reinthaler, Thomas; Herndl, Gerhard J.; Gasol, Josep M.; Morán, Xosé Anxelu G.; Bates, Nicholas R.; Álvarez‐Salgado, Xosé Antón

doi:10.3389/fmars.2016.00090

Cited by 33 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Comparatively, DOC L and DOC SL have lower apparent E a of ∼35-40 and ∼50-70 kJ mol −1 , respectively, which are comparable to values estimated for the degradation of glucose (30 kJ mol −1 ), tannin (70 kJ mol −1 ), labile soil organic matter (∼44 kJ mol −1 ), and values recently predicted for marine respiration (∼56 kJ mol −1 ) and mesopelagic prokaryote production (∼72 kJ mol −1 ) (Knorr et al, 2005;Davidson and Janssens, 2006;Yvon-Durocher et al, 2012;Lønborg et al, 2016). Overall this suggests that the DOC SR pool has higher activation energies and temperature dependence than the DOC L and DOC SL pools.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…More recently, the Arrhenius law has been used for calculating the E a of plankton community metabolism, suggesting that marine autotrophs and heterotrophs might react differently to ocean warming (Yvon-Durocher et al, 2012;Chen and Laws, 2017). It has also been shown that the temperature dependence of heterotrophic prokaryote production is fundamentally different between the upper and deeper layers of the ocean (Lønborg et al, 2016). Dissolved oxygen utilization rates in the ocean, computed from dissolved oxygen concentrations and apparent water age estimates, have also revealed a noteworthy temperature sensitivity of microbial respiration Peltzer, 2016, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Large Stimulation of Recalcitrant Dissolved Organic Carbon Degradation by Increasing Ocean Temperatures

et al. 2018

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More than 96% of organic carbon in the ocean is in the dissolved form, most of it with lifetimes of decades to millennia. Yet, we know very little about the temperature sensitivity of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) degradation in a warming ocean. Combining independent estimates from laboratory experiments, oceanographic cruises and a global ocean DOC cycling model, we assess the relationship between DOC decay constants and seawater temperatures. Our results show that the apparent activation energy of DOC decay (E a ) increases by three-fold from the labile (lifetime of days) and semi-labile (lifetime of months) to the semi-refractory (lifetime of decades) DOC pools, with only minor differences between the world's largest ocean basins. This translates into increasing temperature coefficients (Q 10 ) from 1.7-1.8 to 4-8, showing that the generalized assumption of a constant Q 10 of ∼2 for biological rates is not universally applicable for the microbial degradation of DOC in the ocean. Therefore, rising ocean temperatures will preferentially impact the microbial degradation of the more recalcitrant and larger of the three studied pools. Assuming a uniform 1 • C warming scenario throughout the ocean, our model predicts a global decrease of the DOC reservoir by 7 ± 1 Pg C. This represents a 15% reduction of the semi-labile + semi-refractory DOC pools.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Stimulation of Recalcitrant Dissolved Organic Carbon Degradation by Increasing Ocean Temperatures

et al. 2018

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“…Our analysis showed temperature dependence of CR in the coral reef and GPP in the open sea ecosystems. These disparate responses to temperature may be related to differences in the supply of nutrients, availability of organic matter, and/or food web community composition and structure (Sarmento et al, 2010;López-Urrutia and Morán, 2015;Lønborg et al, 2016). These results are also slightly at odds with our BRT analysis, where temperature was an important predictor of CR in both coral reef and open sea ecosystems, and was not selected as a predictor of GPP in any.…”

Section: Environmental Determinants Of Metabolismcontrasting

confidence: 58%

Plankton Respiration, Production, and Trophic State in Tropical Coastal and Shelf Waters Adjacent to Northern Australia

et al. 2017

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In a changing ocean, tropical waters can be instructive as to the potential effects of climate induced changes on marine ecosystem structure and function. We describe the relationships between planktonic community respiration (CR), net community production (NCP), gross primary production (GPP), and environmental variables in 14 regions and three ecosystem types (coastal, coral reef, and open sea) from Australia, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia. The data are compiled from separate studies conducted between 2002 and 2014 with the goal of better parameterizing the metabolic balance in tropical marine waters. Overall, these regions were strongly autotrophic (average GPP:CR ratio: 2.14 ± 0.98), though our dataset of 783 paired measurements did include some oceanic stations where heterotrophy (GPP:CR < 1) was predominant, and some coastal stations that were intermittently heterotrophic. Our statistical analysis suggested that temperature was the most important determinant of CR in coral reef and ocean ecosystems but less so in coastal ecosystems, where chlorophyll concentration was more important. In contrast, chlorophyll and sampling depth were more important in regulating GPP than temperature. The relationships between temperatures and metabolic rates showed that these were ecosystem-dependent, with coastal ecosystems showing less response to temperature than coral reef and open sea sites. The threshold of GPP to achieve metabolic balance fell in a range between 0.715 mmol O 2 m −3 d −1 in the Coral Sea to 10.052 mmol O 2 m −3 d −1 in mangrove waterways of Hinchinbrook Channel. These data allow regions in and around northern Australia to be ranked in terms of trophic state, ranging from the oligotrophic Scott Reef (GPP:CR = 0.84 ± 0.08) to productive surface waters of the Kimberley coast (GPP:CR = 5.21 ± 0.62). The measurement of pelagic metabolism shows potential as a quantitative tool to monitor the trophic state of coastal waters.

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“…We quantified the strength of bottom‐up control from the relationship between PHB and PHP (Billen, Servais, & Becquevort, ). By temperature control, we will refer to the thermal sensitivity of the community, which was characterized by the apparent activation energy of PHP (Lønborg et al., ). Finally, we used the mean abundances of heterotrophic nanoflagellates and free viruses as a proxy for top‐down control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature regulation of marine heterotrophic prokaryotes increases latitudinally as a breach between bottom‐up and top‐down controls

Morán

Gasol

Pernice

et al. 2017

Global Change Biology

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Planktonic heterotrophic prokaryotes make up the largest living biomass and process most organic matter in the ocean. Determining when and where the biomass and activity of heterotrophic prokaryotes are controlled by resource availability (bottom-up), predation and viral lysis (top-down) or temperature will help in future carbon cycling predictions. We conducted an extensive survey across subtropical and tropical waters of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans during the Malaspina 2010Global Circumnavigation Expedition and assessed indices for these three types of controls at 109 stations (mostly from the surface to 4,000 m depth). Temperature control was approached by the apparent activation energy in eV (ranging from 0.46 to 3.41), bottom-up control by the slope of the log-log relationship between biomass and production rate (ranging from À0.12 to 1.09) and top-down control by an index that considers the relative abundances of heterotrophic nanoflagellates and viruses (ranging from 0.82 to 4.83). We conclude that temperature becomes dominant (i.e. activation energy >1.5 eV) within a narrow window of intermediate values of bottom-up (0.3-0.6) and top-down 0.8-1.2) controls. A pervasive latitudinal pattern of decreasing temperature regulation towards the Equator, regardless of the oceanic basin, suggests that the impact of global warming on marine microbes and their biogeochemical function will be more intense at higher latitudes. Our analysis predicts that 1°C ocean warming will result in increased biomass of heterotrophic prokaryoplankton only in waters with <26°C of mean annual surface temperature.bacterioplankton, bottom-up, heterotrophic prokaryotes, latitudinal gradients, microbial oceanography, ocean warming, temperature control, top-down

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Depth Dependent Relationships between Temperature and Ocean Heterotrophic Prokaryotic Production

Cited by 33 publications

References 64 publications

Large Stimulation of Recalcitrant Dissolved Organic Carbon Degradation by Increasing Ocean Temperatures

Large Stimulation of Recalcitrant Dissolved Organic Carbon Degradation by Increasing Ocean Temperatures

Plankton Respiration, Production, and Trophic State in Tropical Coastal and Shelf Waters Adjacent to Northern Australia

Temperature regulation of marine heterotrophic prokaryotes increases latitudinally as a breach between bottom‐up and top‐down controls

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