Deproteinized natural rubber film forming polymeric solutions for nicotine transdermal delivery

Abstract

Film forming polymeric solutions were prepared from DNRL blended with MC, PVA, or SAG, together with dibutylphthalate or glycerine used as plasticizers. These formulations were easily prepared by simple mixing. In a preliminary step, in situ films were prepared by solvent evaporation in a Petri-dish. Their mechanical and physicochemical properties were determined. The in vitro release and skin permeation of nicotine dissolved in these blended polymers were investigated by a modified Franz diffusion cell. The formulations had a white milky appearance, and were homogeneous and smooth in texture. Their pH was suitable for usage in skin contact. The mechanical property of in situ films depended on the ingredients but all compatible films were in an amorphous phase. The DNRL/PVA was shown to be the most suitable mixture to form completed films. The in vitro release and skin permeation studies demonstrated a biphasic release that provided an initial rapid release followed by a constant release rate that fitted the Higuchi's model. Nicotine loaded DNRL/PVA series were selected for the stability test for 3 months. These formulations needed to be kept at 4°C in tight fitting containers. In conclusion, film forming polymeric solutions could be developed for transdermal nicotine delivery systems.

Characterization of supramolecular gels based on β-cyclodextrin and polyethyleneglycol and their potential use for topical drug delivery

“…They were provided by a pig farm regulated by the Department of Livestock Development, Thailand. The skin preparation was carried out as previously described [22,23]. Briefly, the subcutaneous fat, hair and other extraneous tissues were carefully removed.…”

Rubber Polymers for Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

“…The polymeric solutions are a product of the polymer in liquid dosage form that consists mainly of the active drug, film forming polymer, plasticizer, and other ingredients. It is applied to the skin as a liquid and can subsequently form an almost invisible film in situ by solvent evaporation. − The formed film is sufficiently substantial to provide a sustained release of the active drug directly to the skin.…”

Transdermal nicotine mixed natural rubber-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose film forming systems for smoking cessation:in vitroevaluations

“…Nowadays, common dosage forms for nicotine replacement therapy use mainly nicotine patches such as Nicotinell-TTS Õ for transdermal delivery purpose. Film forming dispersions for nicotine delivery have been previously described by our group 15 . However, the different polymer blends with DNRL for improving their properties should be further studied.…”

“…Hev b1 is found mainly on the large rubber particles, whereas Hev b3 is more abundant on the smaller rubber particles 10 . Our research group has developed a deproteinized NRL (DNRL) using an enzyme treatment with only skin compatible ingredients followed by centrifugation that significantly reduce the proteins and allergen contents [11][12][13][14][15] .…”