Depressive Symptoms in Youth With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes: Results of the Pediatric Diabetes Consortium Screening Assessment of Depression in Diabetes Study

Abstract

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the frequency of depressive symptoms and the diagnosis and management of depression in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) enrolled in the Pediatric Diabetes Consortium T1D and T2D registries. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThe Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) 2 Self-Report (Short) version was completed by 261 T1D and 339 T2D youth aged 10-17 years. RESULTSSymptoms of depression were identified in 13% of T1D and 22% of T2D (P = 0.007) participants; of these, only 4% of T1D and 9% of T2D youth were treated by a therapist within the prior 12 months. Depressive symptoms were associated with lower family income (P = 0.006) and obesity (P = 0.002) in T1D but not T2D youth. CONCLUSIONSDepressive symptoms are more frequent than diagnosed depression in youth with T1D or T2D. These results underscore the need for regular depression screening and appropriate referral for youth with diabetes.Major depressive disorders and subclinical depressive symptomatology are more common in adolescents with than without diabetes, and the prevalence of subclinical depressive symptomatology in patients with diabetes appears to be even greater (1). As subclinical depressive symptomatology in youth with diabetes appears to be associated with poor clinical outcomes (2-4), current treatment guidelines recommend routine screening for this difficult to diagnose comorbidity of diabetes (5,6). Despite these guidelines, screening for subclinical depressive symptomatology in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is difficult to implement in clinical practice.The Pediatric Diabetes Consortium (PDC) includes eight academic pediatric diabetes treatment centers in the U.S. In order to improve the care of children with diabetes through sharing of best practices, the PDC established both a T1D New Onset registry of .1,000 participants (7) and a T2D registry of .500 youth with T2D. This article describes the results of the PDC Screening Assessment of Depression in Diabetes (SADD) Study undertaken to determine and compare the prevalence of

Validation of the Arabic and Tunisian Arabic version of the KINDL questionnaires for children with diabetes type 1

“…In addition, socioeconomic condition such as parent’s level instruction was predictive factor of better physical score and self-esteem. In fact, other studies had already linked a worse HRQOL in children with specific characteristics such as those from families with disadvantaged socioeconomic status [19,20]. The results of the present study reinforce this finding and the importance of knowing the social situation of the patient.…”

Social Determinants of Health and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Type 2 Diabetes in Youth

“…Another study indicated Hispanic parents have higher burden from their children’s diabetes management [26]. No racial/ethnic differences have been found in depressive symptoms in the TODAY trial or depression screening study conducted by the pediatric diabetes consortium [22, 27•]. Finally, no racial/ethnic differences have been found in binge-eating [22].…”

Prevalence and Factors Influencing Depression among Adolescents with Type-1 Diabetes – A Cross-Sectional Study

“…5 This poor glycemic control may be attributed to, lack of adequate awareness on need for glycemic control and subsequent consequences, improper or inadequate intake of insulin as well as not adapting to behavioral changes like diet and physical activities. Magnitude of depression among adolescents with diabetes in the current study was 60%, even though majority of the subjects had mild degree of depression, this burden is quite alarming.…”

“…Dusan et al reports the prevalence to be 38.5%, 4 Niruala et al reports 40.3%, 11 Hood et al reports 15.2%, 6 Sendela J et al reports 17%, 12 and Silversetin J reports that depression is two times more common in subjects with type 1 diabetes compared to type-2 diabetes. 5 This wide variation in the prevalence across the studies may be due to variety of scales available and differences in the modes of administration. In the current study, we have used, PHQ-9 tool which is a highly sensitive and less time consuming screening tool which can detect, even minor degree of depression compared to other scales.…”

“…1 Major depressive disorders and subclinical depressive symptomatology are more common in adolescents with diabetes, and the prevalence of subclinical depressive symptomatology in patients with diabetes appears to be even greater. 5 Depression in adolescents and adolescents with type 1 diabetes has been associated with negative diabetes related health outcomes such as poorer glycemic control and recurrent diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) episodes. 6 Few studies evaluating screening programs in diabetes found that psychosocial screening of youth with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes is feasible, acceptable to families, and able to identify families at risk for early emerging adverse events and nonadherence.…”