Depressive Symptoms in the Oldest-Old: The Role of Sensory Impairments

Cimarolli,; Jopp, Daniela S.; Boerner, Kathrin; Minahan, Jillian

doi:10.1093/geroni/igy031.3404

Cited by 1 publication

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“…There is evidence that people with hearing impairment have elevated rates of common mental illness (depressive and anxiety disorders), 2–5 but not all studies have found this association. 6,7 Variable sample sizes, outcome measures and study populations probably explain these conflicting findings. 6,8 Severe visual impairment affects more than 2 million people in the UK and like hearing impairment, predominantly occurs in older people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,7 Variable sample sizes, outcome measures and study populations probably explain these conflicting findings. 6,8 Severe visual impairment affects more than 2 million people in the UK and like hearing impairment, predominantly occurs in older people. 9 The prevalence of depression among visually impaired adults has been reported to be higher than in comparable populations without visual impairment in most studies, 4,10 although one prospective cohort study found that a deterioration in near vision did not increase the risk after controlling for confounders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Common mental illness in people with sensory impairment: results from the 2014 adult psychiatric morbidity survey

Shoham

Lewis

McManus³

et al. 2019

BJPsych open

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Background People with sensory impairments may be at increased risk of depression and anxiety but experience barriers to accessing treatment. Aims To investigate whether people with sensory impairment have more depressive and anxiety symptoms than people without, whether this is mediated by social functioning and whether they report greater non-treatment. Method We analysed data from the English 2014 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey using regression models, with the Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised (CIS-R) score as the primary outcome and self-reported hearing and vision impairment as exposures. A secondary outcome was self-reported receipt of mental health diagnosis and treatment. We used structural equation modelling to assess for mediation by social functioning. Results A total of 19.0% of people with hearing impairment, and 30.9% and 24.5% with distance and near visual impairments, respectively, had clinically significant psychological morbidity. Adjusted mean CIS-R score was 1.86 points higher in people with hearing impairment compared with those without (95% CI 1.30–2.42, P<0.001). People with distance and near vision impairment had mean CIS-R scores 3.61 (95% CI 2.58–4.63, P<0.001) and 2.74 (95% CI 2.12–3.37, P<0.001) points higher, respectively, than those without. Social functioning accounted for approximately 50% of these relationships between sensory impairment and psychological morbidity. We found no evidence of an increased treatment gap for people with sensory impairment. Conclusions Social functioning, a potentially modifiable target, may mediate an association between sensory impairment and depressive and anxiety symptoms.

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