Depressive symptoms and associated factor among public school teachers in Jimma town, Southwest, Ethiopia 2020: a multi-disciplinary, cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background Depression is a common mental disorder and the leading cause of disability globally. Depression has a significant impact on the quality of life, cognition, emotion, and daily functioning and leads individuals to 39% of suicide globally. Previous studies reported that the magnitude of depression is higher among teachers than in the general population. However, little is known in the case of Ethiopia. Therefore this study aimed to assess the magnitude of depressive symptoms and associated factors among public school teachers in Jimma town. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study using was conducted a multistage random sampling technique. Depressive symptoms were assessed by using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress 21 items scale. The data were entered into Epi Data version 3.1 and analyzed using STATA V 14.2. Variables with p < 0.25 in the bi-variable logistic regression analysis were entered into a multivariable binary logistic regression to identify predictors. A statistically significant association was declared at a p-value < 0.05. Result The prevalence of depressive symptoms in this study was found to be 44.7% (95% CI: 40–49.3). Moderate and severe level of occupational stress (AOR; 2.63 CI; 1.32, 5.28 and AOR; 4.15 CI; 1.83, 9.45) respectively, having stress, (AOR; 2.40 CI; 1.48, 3.90), having Anxiety symptoms (AOR; 4.43 CI; 2.79, 7.06) and consumption of alcohol (AOR; 2.21 CI; 1.11, 4.37) were identified as a significant predictor for depressive symptoms. Conclusion and recommendation The study revealed that there is a high prevalence of depressive symptoms among participants. Moderate and severe levels of occupational stress, having stress, having anxiety, and consumption of alcohol were factors that are significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Therefore, giving awareness and routine screening of depressive symptoms among teachers is crucial in early detection and management.

Factors Contributing to Anxiety and Depression among Teachers Through A Systematic Literature Review

“…Identify the trend of research on anxiety and depression among teachers according to the year of publication approach and national context. Ratanasiripong et al, 2021;Santamaría et al, 2021;Wong et al, 2021;Wakui et al, 2021;Yoo et al, 2021;Bete et al, 2022;Gawrych et al, 2022;Lizana et al, 2022;Spadafora et al, 2022). 4 shows 5 sub-factors from work that lead to anxiety and depression of a teacher.…”

“…One article was produced in 2017(Desouky & Allam, 2017) and 2018(Ramirez et al 2018). Meanwhile, in 2019, 8 articles have been published(Alvites & Cleofé, 2019;Atabek et al, 2019;Budyawati & Utami, 2019;Dizon-Ross et al, 2019;Ganley et al, 2019;Ng et al, 2019;Thomas & Sari, 2019;Othman & Sivasubramaniam, 2019), 6 articles in 2020(Aperribai et al, 2020; Genoud & Waroux, 2020;Klai & Bahrin, 2020;Li et al, 2020; Syuhada & Retnawati, 2020;Talidong & Toquero, 2020), 10 articles in 2021(Basri & Maat, 2021;Liu & Wu, 2021;Lizana et al, 2021; al 2021; Pressley 2021; Ratanasiripong et al 2021; Santamaría et al 2021; Wakui et al 2021; Wong et al 2021; Yoo et al 2021) and 5 articles in 2022(Bete et al, 2022; Gawrych et al., 2022; Lizana et al, 2022;Spadafora et al, 2022;Wickramasinghe et al, 2022).…”

Occupational burnout and their determinants among schoolteachers in Nepal: a cross-sectional study

“…Teachers experience significantly higher stress compared to average population [ 1 ] and other professionals [ 2 , 3 ]. Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses have highlighted the chronicity of the problem among schoolteachers around the globe with a pooled prevalence of 62.6% [ 4 ] with the variation in prevalence between 8.7 and 87.1% [ 5 ], which reflects a significant burden of stress among schoolteachers.…”