Depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in western china: An epidemiological survey of prevalence and correlates

Wang, Lifei; Feng, Zhanchun; Yang, Guanlin; Yang, Yaling; Wang, Kaifa; Dai, Qi; Zhao, Mei; Hu, Cui-E; Zhang, Rui; Liu, Keyu; Yu, Guang; Xia, Fan

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.09.050

Cited by 64 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The results pointing in the same direction as other studies that found low academic achievement (Wang et al, 2016; Jaureguizar et al, 2017) and health and adaptation problems (Wang et al, 2016) in depressed children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In addition, when introducing all the sub-dimensions, we confirmed as predictors nine variables that explain 56.4% of the variance: many internalizing problems (anxiety, sadness, loneliness); low family self-concept (the family provides a low level of satisfaction); high level of anxiety (nervousness, worry, fear, tendency to feel overwhelmed by problems); low responsibility (low interest in school work), low personal self-assessment , (low global rating as a person), high social stress (due to interactions with others), few behaviors of peer bullying (as perpetrator), health/psychosomatic problems (physical problems, headaches, stomach ache…), and external locus of control (attribution of consequences to external factors). Hence, the results confirm the predictions and ratify studies that have found that anxiety (Kovacs and López-Durán, 2010), health and adaptation problems, problems in interpersonal relationships (Wang et al, 2016), poor social skills (Reinfjell et al, 2016), and low self-esteem (Babore et al, 2016) predict childhood depression.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Among them, we note the study of Wang et al (2016), which confirmed problems of health and adaptation, interpersonal relations, and academic achievement as predictors of suffering depressive symptoms between ages 7 and 17. Reinfjell et al (2016) observed that difficult infant temperament and parental depression predicted an increase in depressive symptoms, whereas social skills predicted their decrease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Childhood Depression: Relation to Adaptive, Clinical and Predictor Variables

et al. 2017

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The study had two goals: (1) to explore the relations between self-assessed childhood depression and other adaptive and clinical variables (2) to identify predictor variables of childhood depression. Participants were 420 students aged 7–10 years old (53.3% boys, 46.7% girls). Results revealed: (1) positive correlations between depression and clinical maladjustment, school maladjustment, emotional symptoms, internalizing and externalizing problems, problem behaviors, emotional reactivity, and childhood stress; and (2) negative correlations between depression and personal adaptation, global self-concept, social skills, and resilience (sense of competence and affiliation). Linear regression analysis including the global dimensions revealed 4 predictors of childhood depression that explained 50.6% of the variance: high clinical maladjustment, low global self-concept, high level of stress, and poor social skills. However, upon introducing the sub-dimensions, 9 predictor variables emerged that explained 56.4% of the variance: many internalizing problems, low family self-concept, high anxiety, low responsibility, low personal self-assessment, high social stress, few aggressive behaviors toward peers, many health/psychosomatic problems, and external locus of control. The discussion addresses the importance of implementing prevention programs for childhood depression at early ages.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Childhood Depression: Relation to Adaptive, Clinical and Predictor Variables

et al. 2017

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“…Meanwhile, given there is large inequality in socioeconomic, policy and cultural environment between rural and urban areas in China, research examining the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and adolescent depression in a specific social context of China is needed. Although some studies have investigated sociodemographic characteristics related to depression in Chinese adolescents [6][7][8][9], few researches have been conducted to systematically investigate the psychological health contrast of adolescents from urban and rural areas [10][11][12]. Urbanrural mental health disparities are expected to be even more pronounced in China, since they have important social values and have been well studied in developed countries [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociodemographic characteristics associated with adolescent depression in urban and rural areas of Hubei province: a cross-sectional analysis

Guo

Mei

You³

et al. 2019

BMC Psychiatry

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Background: China has experienced rapid socioeconomic, and health transitions over the last four decades, and urban-rural disparities are becoming increasingly apparent. Research on depression among rural and urban students can provide evidence on the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and adolescent depression. Methods: We examined the association between sociodemographic characteristics and adolescent depression among 3605 students from Wuhan city and Jianli county that was recruited from the local junior middle school via a crosssectional study. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to explore the sociodemographic characteristics of adolescent depression in urban and rural areas, respectively. Nomograms were constructed to calculate individual depression risk of junior middle school students. Results: 32.47% of rural students and 35.11% of urban students display depressive symptoms. The protective factors of depression in urban students are exercise habit, younger, key class, better academic achievement and males, while Left-behind children (LBC), poor academic achievement and females had higher depression risk in rural area. Two nomograms were constructed to screen the adolescent depression in urban and rural junior middle school students, respectively. The clinical tools were well calibrated. Conclusion: The field-based research examined sociodemographic characteristics potentially associated with adolescent depression and offered an effective and convenient tool of individualized depression risk evaluation for junior middle school students. Future longitudinal epidemiologic research on adolescent depression may help to further validate the discovery of present study, which will support developing policies and practices to minimize the factors of adolescent depression.

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“…It was previously reported that the likelihood of depression of LBC primary students in Grades 4–6 is two-three times higher than that of NLBC; the depression is linked to lower levels of social support and types of parental migration [ 14 ]. Wang et al also found a higher likelihood of depressive symptoms in left-behind children (OR = 1.110, p < 0.05) [ 15 ]. Fan et al’s study revealed that the greater risk of depression in LBC is linked to inadequate teacher support and the care of young caregivers or nonrelatives with poor education or low socioeconomic status [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive symptoms and negative life events: What psycho-social factors protect or harm left-behind children in China?

Feng

Yang

et al. 2017

BMC Psychiatry

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BackgroundIn China, children under 18 years old who are left at rural residences for at least 6 months by either one or both of their parents migrating to work in cities are called “left-behind children (LBC)”. Due to restricted family support, they are at a greater risk of developing depressive symptoms than non-left-behind children (NLBC). The objective of this study is to explore how depressive symptoms and stress induced by negative life events such as interpersonal conflicts, punishment and loss, as well as their relationships vary for LBC with different left-behind-related characteristics.MethodsUsing data from a large school-based survey conducted in Chongqing between December 2012 and June 2013, we first identified the differences in depressive symptoms and negative-event-induced stress between LBC and NLBC, and then analyzed the variances among LBC with different left-behind-related characteristics. The data was analyzed with Chi-square test, MANCOVA, ANCOVA, ANOVA, T-test and hierarchical multiple regression analyses.ResultsWe found that LBC were more stressed when experiencing negative events and had more depressive symptoms than NLBC. Children left behind by both parents were most depressed. Negative-event-induced stress and communication on life difficulties with migrant parents were risk factors for depressive symptoms, whereas adequate communication on academic performance or children’s feelings was a protective factor against depressive symptoms. Communication duration and frequency, communication by visiting, communication on academic performance, life difficulties and children’s feelings moderated the relationship between stress and depressive symptoms, respectively. Duration of separation, communication duration and frequency, communication on academic performance, learning difficulties and children’s feelings moderated the relation between the type of parental migration and depressive symptoms, respectively.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that children left behind by both parents should be the focus of public attention for their higher susceptibility to stress-related depression. To help LBC stay mentally healthy, governments need to formulate regulations contributing to LBC’s family reunion, communities need to involve more residents to attend LBC as “surrogate parents” and teach migrant parents to communicate with LBC properly, and schools need to teach LBC how to deal with stress and communicate with migrant parents.

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Depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in western china: An epidemiological survey of prevalence and correlates

Cited by 64 publications

References 28 publications

Childhood Depression: Relation to Adaptive, Clinical and Predictor Variables

Childhood Depression: Relation to Adaptive, Clinical and Predictor Variables

Sociodemographic characteristics associated with adolescent depression in urban and rural areas of Hubei province: a cross-sectional analysis

Depressive symptoms and negative life events: What psycho-social factors protect or harm left-behind children in China?

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