Depressive and Aggressive Responses to Frustration: Development of a Questionnaire and Its Validation in a Sample of Male Alcoholics

Baars, M. Y.; Müller, Matthias; Gallhofer, Bernd; Netter, Petra

doi:10.1155/2011/352048

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Crawford and Henry [70] found that PA of PANAS has greater explanatory power for depression than NA in non-clinical samples. Consistent with this evidence, many studies have found that frustration elicited by negative feedback is valid in inducing depression [71][72][73][74]. Therefore, in the present study, PA most likely reflects the depression state induced by the frustrating task more sensitively than NA, which may account for the similar NA reports across different groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Paying less but harvesting more: the effect of unconscious acceptance in regulating frustrating emotion

Ding

Yang

Liu

et al. 2015

Sci. China Life Sci.

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Previous studies indicate that emotion regulation may occur unconsciously, without the cost of cognitive effort, while conscious acceptance may enhance negative experiences despite having potential long-term health benefits. Thus, it is important to overcome this weakness to boost the efficacy of the acceptance strategy in negative emotion regulation. As unconscious regulation occurs with little cost of cognitive resources, the current study hypothesizes that unconscious acceptance regulates the emotional consequence of negative events more effectively than does conscious acceptance. Subjects were randomly assigned to conscious acceptance, unconscious acceptance and no-regulation conditions. A frustrating arithmetic task was used to induce negative emotion. Emotional experiences were assessed on the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale while emotion- related physiological activation was assessed by heart-rate reactivity. Results showed that conscious acceptance had a significant negative affective consequence, which was absent during unconscious acceptance. That is, unconscious acceptance was linked with little reduction of positive affect during the experience of frustration, while this reduction was prominent in the control and conscious acceptance groups. Instructed, conscious acceptance resulted in a greater reduction of positive affect than found for the control group. In addition, both conscious and unconscious acceptance strategies significantly decreased emotion-related heart-rate activity (to a similar extent) in comparison with the control condition. Moreover, heart-rate reactivity was positively correlated with negative affect and negatively correlated with positive affect during the frustration phase relative to the baseline phase, in both the control and unconscious acceptance groups. Thus, unconscious acceptance not only reduces emotion-related physiological activity but also better protects mood stability compared with conscious acceptance. This suggests that the clinical practice of acceptance therapy may need to consider using the unconscious priming of an accepting attitude, instead of intentionally instructing people to implement such a strategy, to boost the efficacy of acceptance in emotion regulation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Paying less but harvesting more: the effect of unconscious acceptance in regulating frustrating emotion

Ding

Yang

Liu

et al. 2015

Sci. China Life Sci.

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“…Since in a previous evaluation [28] depression and aggression had been found to be correlated with several of the 16 QDF scales (significant correlations after Bonferroni correction between 10 QDF scales and depression and between 8 QDF scales and aggression), we also computed respective correlations of the QDF scales with impulsivity and anxiety and found 3 significant correlations with impulsivity but none with anxiety (coefficients not shown). Therefore, partial correlations between number of detoxifications and QDF scales were computed by separately controlling for the personality factors of aggression, impulsivity and depression as possible confounders.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2) The Questionnaire on Daily Frustrations (QDF) by Baars et al [28]. This is composed of 32 items depicting frustrating events, 16 of which represent deprivation from positive reinforcers (non-rewards = pos) and16 refer to the confrontation with negative reinforcements (punishments = neg).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relapse (Number of Detoxifications) in Abstinent Male Alcohol-Dependent Patients as Related to Personality Traits and Types of Tolerance to Frustration

et al. 2013

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Background: Personality traits like depression on the one hand and aggression and impulsivity on the other are assumed to be predisposing factors for different types of alcohol dependence. Both types are associated with sensitivity to frustration, but this may be different for the two types of personality according to whether they are confronted with frustrations caused by withdrawal from positive or infliction of negative events. It has not been shown so far if both types of personality factors and the two different sources of frustration are differently relevant for the propensity of relapse. This was investigated here in a study on 60 abstinent male alcohol-dependent patients. Methods: Correlations between the number of previous detoxifications reflecting liability to relapse and questionnaire scores on personality factors and on reactions to frustration were computed. Results: Bonferroni-corrected correlations yielded significant relationships between the number of detoxifications and the personality factor of aggression as well as pronounced depressive reactions to frustrating conditions of non-reward caused by humans. Controlling for impulsivity, aggression and depression revealed that depressive reactions to frustration are genuine predictors for probability of relapse independent of underlying personality factors. Persons particularly sensitive to frustrations from human denial of positive reinforcers are liable to relapse which fits the theory of sensitivity to reward in drug-addicted individuals. Conclusion: Results demonstrate that relapse is clearly more related to aggression than to impulsivity, depression and anxiety and may be facilitated if persons are sensitive to frustrating conditions of non-reward caused by social partners.

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“…Although human aggression is often seen as a matter of emotional processing, it in fact depends on components of both cognitive and emotional control, ranging from schemas and beliefs driving e.g., threat assessment and behavioral strategies (13, 14) to impulse control and frustration tolerance (15). Given that a nuanced and flexible balance between such processes is needed to generate context-appropriate aggression, it is not surprising that aggression is controlled by a wide network of interconnected cortical and subcortical areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gradient of Parvalbumin- and Somatostatin-Expressing Interneurons Across Cingulate Cortex Is Differentially Linked to Aggression and Sociability in BALB/cJ Mice

et al. 2019

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Successfully navigating social interactions requires the precise and balanced integration of social and environmental cues. When such flexible information integration fails, maladaptive behavioral patterns arise, including excessive aggression, empathy deficits, and social withdrawal, as seen in disorders such as conduct disorder and autism spectrum disorder. One of the main hubs for the context-dependent regulation of behavior is cingulate cortex, specifically anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and midcingulate cortex (MCC). While volumetric abnormalities of ACC and MCC have been demonstrated in patients, little is known about the exact structural changes responsible for the dysregulation of behaviors such as aggression and social withdrawal. Here, we demonstrate that the distribution of parvalbumin (PV) and somatostatin (SOM) interneurons across ACC and MCC differentially predicts aggression and social withdrawal in BALB/cJ mice. BALB/cJ mice were phenotyped for their social behavior (three-chamber task) and aggression (resident-intruder task) compared to control (BALB/cByJ) mice. In line with previous studies, BALB/cJ mice behaved more aggressively than controls. The three-chamber task revealed two sub-groups of highly-sociable versus less-sociable BALB/cJ mice. Highly-sociable BALB/cJ mice were as aggressive as the less-sociable group—in fact, they committed more acts of socially acceptable aggression (threats and harmless bites). PV and SOM immunostaining revealed that a lack of specificity in the distribution of SOM and PV interneurons across cingulate cortex coincided with social withdrawal: both control mice and highly-sociable BALB/cJ mice showed a differential distribution of PV and SOM interneurons across the sub-areas of cingulate cortex, while for less-sociable BALB/cJ mice, the distributions were near-flat. In contrast, both highly-sociable and less-sociable BALB/cJ mice had a decreased concentration of PV interneurons in MCC compared to controls, which was therefore linked to aggressive behavior. Together, these results suggest that the dynamic balance of excitatory and inhibitory activity across ACC and MCC shapes both social and aggressive behavior.

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Depressive and Aggressive Responses to Frustration: Development of a Questionnaire and Its Validation in a Sample of Male Alcoholics

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Paying less but harvesting more: the effect of unconscious acceptance in regulating frustrating emotion

Paying less but harvesting more: the effect of unconscious acceptance in regulating frustrating emotion

Relapse (Number of Detoxifications) in Abstinent Male Alcohol-Dependent Patients as Related to Personality Traits and Types of Tolerance to Frustration

Gradient of Parvalbumin- and Somatostatin-Expressing Interneurons Across Cingulate Cortex Is Differentially Linked to Aggression and Sociability in BALB/cJ Mice

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