Depression, suicidality, and alcohol use disorder among people living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria

Egbe, Catherine O.; Dakum, Patrick; Ekong, Ernest; Kohrt, Brandon A.; Minto, John; Ticao, Cynthia J.

doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4467-5

Cited by 69 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Psychological disorders such as depression are known to significantly increase the risk of suicidality. This is in keeping with previously documented research, which have demonstrated a significant relationship between depression and suicidality . It is consistent with the fact that depression reduces functioning and overall quality of life.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Socio‐demographic factors such as marital status and living status also showed significant relationship with suicidality. Consistent with findings from other studies, the proportion of people diagnosed with suicidality were significantly less in the group of participants who were “married or cohabiting.” This may be attributable to the fact that they may be getting adequate support from their spouses. Thus reinforcing the possible role of marriage as a protective factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, the reported rates of suicidal behaviors in PLWH, differs across studies. The literature reveals that the rates of suicidal ideation among PLWH ranges between 2.9% and about 35%, while suicide attempts range between 2.3% and 20% . Variation in rates may be due to methodological differences, as well as higher rates of underreporting suicidality and completed suicides in low‐income and middle‐income countries compared with high‐income countries .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Nigeria, as well as other low‐income countries, there is limited research regarding suicide and suicidal behaviors among PLWH, with the exception of a few recent studies . Furthermore, there is a paucity of studies that have explored the relationship between HIV‐related stigma and suicidality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,16,22 In Nigeria, as well as other low-income countries, there is limited research regarding suicide and suicidal behaviors among PLWH, with the exception of a few recent studies. 11,12,15,23 Furthermore, there is a paucity of studies that have explored the relationship between HIV-related stigma and suicidality. This study therefore aimed to determine the prevalence and pattern of suicidality, as well as the relationship between HIV-related stigma and suicidality, among PLWH receiving treatment at a secondary healthcare facility in Benin City, Nigeria.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stigma and suicidality among people living with HIV attending a secondary healthcare facility in Nigeria

Seb-Akahomen

Lawani

James

2018

Perspect Psychiatr Care

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stigma and suicidality among people living with HIV attending a secondary healthcare facility in Nigeria

Seb-Akahomen

Lawani

James

2018

Perspect Psychiatr Care

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Prevalence and factors associated with common mental disorders in young people living with HIV in sub‐Saharan Africa: a systematic review

et al. 2021

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Introduction Common mental disorders (CMDs) particularly depression and anxiety, are highly comorbid with HIV also in young people living with HIV (YLWH). In sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) where most YLWH reside, there are limited summary data on CMDs among these youths, yet there are previous systematic reviews summarizing data on CMDs among adults living with HIV. We conducted a systematic literature review on the prevalence and correlates of CMDs among YLWH, aged 10 to 24 years, from SSA. Methods We searched African Index Medicus, African Journals Online and five other electronic databases (from database inception up to 31 December 2020) for relevant studies published in English. The key search terms applied were as follows: “Depression OR Anxiety”, “Young people”, “HIV infections” and “sub‐Saharan Africa”. Results and discussion Out of 3989 articles, 31 studies were included in the review. The prevalence of CMDs in YLWH widely varied ranging between 16.0% and 40.8% for major depression, 4.4% and 52.6% for depressive symptoms and 2.2% and 25.0% for anxiety symptoms. Anxiety disorder was estimated at 45.6%. Four of the five included studies with a comparison group of HIV‐negative young people reported significantly higher prevalence estimates of depressive disorders among YLWH. Several sociodemographic, psychosocial and HIV‐related correlates of CMDs were reported but most lacked consensus across studies. Nevertheless, female sex, older age, fewer schooling years, HIV‐positive status, bullying, sexual abuse, HIV‐related stigma, social support and poor antiretroviral therapy adherence were frequently reported (in ≥2 studies) as significant correlates of depressive symptoms among YLWH. Higher social support was the only frequent significant correlate of anxiety symptoms. Conclusions The burden of CMDs among YLWH from SSA is substantial and appears to be significantly higher when compared with HIV‐negative peers, particularly for depressive disorders. However, more comparative research is needed. Importantly, screening for CMDs at the youth HIV‐clinics should be prioritized especially for YLWH at high risk of CMDs, to facilitate early management or referral for treatment. Furthermore, youth‐friendly psychological interventions addressing CMDs in YLWH should urgently be piloted in SSA, incorporating contextual components that may directly or indirectly reduce symptoms of CMDs among YLWH, such as social support.

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HIV and suicide risk across adolescence and young adulthood: an examination of socio‐demographic, contextual and psychosocial risk factors for attempted suicide in a longitudinal cohort of ageing adolescents affected by HIV living in the New York City Area

et al. 2022

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Introduction As children become adolescents and young adults (AYA), their risk for attempting suicide increases dramatically, with chronic health conditions an important risk factor. This study examined correlates of suicidality across development in AYA living with perinatally acquired HIV (AYALPHIV) and those perinatally HIV‐exposed but uninfected (AYAPHEU). Methods Data come from an ongoing longitudinal New York City‐based study (N = 339) with AYALPHIV and AYAPHEU interviewed every 12–18 months from 2003 to 2019 (mean enrolment age = 12 years; current mean age = 27 years). The Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (adolescent or young adult version) assessed psychiatric disorders and first‐reported suicide attempt. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine associations between first‐reported suicide attempt and socio‐demographic, contextual and psychosocial correlates measured concurrently across six timepoints. Results At enrolment, 51% of participants were female, 72% heterosexual, 60% Black and 50% Latinx. Attempted suicide was significantly higher among AYALPHIV (27%, CI 21–33%) compared to AYAPHEU (16%, CI 10–22%), with an OR of 1.74 (CI 1.04–2.92) in a model adjusting for age. For AYALPHIV, anxiety (OR 2.66, CI 1.46–4.85), mood (OR 3.62, CI 1.49–8.81) and behaviour disorders (OR 5.05, CI 2.15–11.87) and past‐year arrest (OR 3.05, CI 1.26–7.4), negative life events (OR 1.27, CI 1.11–1.46), city stress (OR 2.28, CI 1.46–3.57), pregnancy (OR 2.28, CI 1.08–4.81) and HIV stigma (OR 2.46, CI 1.27–4.75) were associated with increased odds of attempted suicide, while identifying as heterosexual (OR 0.27, CI 0.14–0.52), higher personal (OR 0.45, CI 0.26–0.80) and family self‐concept (OR 0.36, CI 0.22–0.57) were protective. Interactions by HIV status and age were found: substance use was more strongly associated with attempted suicide among AYAPHEU than AYALPHIV, while negative life events and higher religiosity were more strongly associated with increased odds of attempted suicide among AYA ≥ 19 versus ≤ 18 years. Conclusions AYALPHIV compared to AYAPHEU faced unique risks for attempted suicide as they age into adulthood, with the highest risk among AYALPHIV experiencing HIV stigma or pregnancy and the highest risk among AYAPHEU with substance use. Assessing for suicide risk and correlates with attention to ageing can inform preventive interventions tailored to meet AYALPHIV and AYAPHEU needs.

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Depression, suicidality, and alcohol use disorder among people living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria

Cited by 69 publications

References 60 publications

Stigma and suicidality among people living with HIV attending a secondary healthcare facility in Nigeria

Stigma and suicidality among people living with HIV attending a secondary healthcare facility in Nigeria

Prevalence and factors associated with common mental disorders in young people living with HIV in sub‐Saharan Africa: a systematic review

HIV and suicide risk across adolescence and young adulthood: an examination of socio‐demographic, contextual and psychosocial risk factors for attempted suicide in a longitudinal cohort of ageing adolescents affected by HIV living in the New York City Area

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