Depression, periodontitis, caries and missing teeth in the USA, NHANES 2009–2014

Abstract

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the association between self-reported depressive symptoms and oral diseases in US adults, including periodontitis, caries, missing teeth and untreated dental caries.DesignThis study was designed as a secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional survey. We conducted descriptive, multivariable logistic and Poisson regression analyses on weighted data.SettingUS National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2014 data.ParticipantsIndividuals aged ≥30 years who completed a periodontal examination and depression screening (n=9799).Results21.6% (28.9 million) of adults aged ≥30 years reported depressive symptoms, with a higher prevalence among females, current smokers and participants with lower income and education status. More than half of the adults with moderate depressive symptoms had periodontal diseases, and more than one-third had teeth with untreated dental caries. After adjusting for sociodemographics, behavioural factors, having diabetes and psychotherapeutic medication use, depressive symptoms were associated with poorer oral health. Severe depressive symptoms were associated with higher odds of mild periodontitis (2.20; 99% CI 1.03 to 4.66). For those with mild depressive symptoms, the mean number of missing teeth was 1.20 (99% CI 1.06 to 1.37) times the average of non-symptomatic individuals; and 1.38 times (99% CI 1.15 to 1.66) among individuals with moderate depressive symptoms.ConclusionsDepressive symptoms were associated with mild periodontitis and a greater number of missing teeth, while having teeth with untreated dental caries was attributed to sociodemographic factors. Awareness of oral health status among patients with depressive symptoms can inform both dental and mental health providers to develop tailored treatment and help patients achieve overall wellness.

The Relationship among the Number of Teeth, Salivary Flow Rate, Oral Health-Related Quality of Life, and Depression in the Elderly Population in Korea

“…The previous studies show the significant association between number of teeth, unstimulated salivary flow rate, ORHQoL, and depressive symptoms [9][10][11]. In this study was designed to find out those relationship in the elderly population in Korea.…”

“…Aldosari et al [10] represented depressive symptoms have a correlation with poor oral health, and mild and moderate depressive symptoms group has more missing teeth than no depressive symptoms group, in addition participants with severe depressive symptoms has high incidence of mild periodontitis than participants without depressive symptoms. Moreover, Ehrenthal et al [17] said depression can be affected by tooth loss in psychological, social, and biological pathways.…”

“…Depression has a statistically significance with other diseases such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, and sleep disturbance in several studies [6][7][8]. In addition, dentally, previous studies have shown that there is a significant association between depressive symptoms and tooth loss [9,10].…”

Influence of Depression and Anxiety on Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment Outcomes: A 6-Month Prospective Study

“…Depression represents a major health concern, as it was shown that depressed patients are more affected by chronic inflammatory diseases, such as diabetes [23,24]. In the context of periodontal diseases, it was observed that the incidence of depression was higher in periodontitis patients, highlighting a potential relationship between both conditions [20,25,26]. The same type of association was depicted regarding the prevalence of anxiety in patients affected by chronic inflammatory diseases, including periodontitis [27,28].…”

Zahnmedizinische Beschwerdebilder mit psychosozialem Hintergrund

“…Querschnittsstudien aus den USA zu Parodontitis, Zahnverlust und Inanspruchnahmeverhalten bestätigten eine Assoziation von ZBA und Depression [15]. Karies hingegen scheint eher durch sozioökonomische Faktoren beeinflusst zu werden [16].…”