Depression in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Pezzimenti, Florencia; Han, Gloria; Vasa, Roma A.; Gotham, Katherine

doi:10.1016/j.chc.2019.02.009

Cited by 95 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…By comparison, ADHD, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), intellectual disability, academic challenges, irritability and disruptive behaviours become more apparent in school-aged children 170 . The proportion of individuals with depressive symptoms becomes higher in adolescents and adults 171 , whereas other issues often remain. Moreover, growing evidence (although it is reliant on administrative case-finding data) suggests that people with autism have premature mortality 172,173 and increased risk of self-harm and possibly suicide, although the mechanisms involved have yet to be elucidated.…”

Section: [H2] Diagnosis and Screening In Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism spectrum disorder

Lord

Brugha

Charman

et al. 2020

Nat Rev Dis Primers

991

741

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a construct used to describe individuals with a specific combination of impairments in social communication and repetitive behaviours, highly restricted interests and/or sensory behaviours beginning early in life. The worldwide prevalence of autism is just under 1%, but estimates are higher in high-resource countries. Although gross brain pathology is not characteristic of autism, subtle anatomical and functional differences have been observed in postmortem, neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies. Initially it was hoped that accurate measurement of behavioural phenotypes would lead to specific genetic subtypes, but genetic findings have mainly applied to heterogeneous groups that are not specific to autism. Psychosocial interventions in children can improve specific behaviours, such as joint attention, language and social engagement that may affect further development and could reduce symptom severity. However, further research is necessary to identify the long-term needs and treatments and the mechanisms behind them that could result in improved independence and quality of life over time. Families are often the major source of support for people with AUTISM throughout much of life and need to be considered, along with the perspectives of autistic persons, in both research and practice. [H1] Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common, highly heritable and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder that has underlying cognitive features and commonly co-occurs with other conditions. The Autism spectrum disorder-or autism-is a neurodevelopmental disorder that typically manifests in young children. This Primer by Lord and colleagues reviews the epidemiology, mechanisms, clinical detection and treatment of autism.

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Section: [H2] Diagnosis and Screening In Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism spectrum disorder

Lord

Brugha

Charman

et al. 2020

Nat Rev Dis Primers

991

741

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The IRT approach also provides an elegant framework in which to assess DIF, testing whether item slope and/or intercept parameters differ between specific subgroups of interest (Thomas, 2019). Using this framework, the we aimed to determine whether the items of the BDI-II function differentially between adults with ASD and TD controls, empirically testing the claim that individuals with ASD answer depression questionnaires in a qualitatively different manner from the general population (Cassidy, Bradley, Bowen, et al, 2018;Gotham et al, 2015;Pezzimenti et al, 2019;Uljarević et al, 2018). DIF of the BDI-II was also tested within the ASD sample in order to determine whether items function differentially in groups defined based on sociodemographic factors or common comorbid conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Depression in Autistic Adults: Psychometric Validation of the Beck Depression Inventory–II

2020

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Depressive disorders are common in autistic adults, but few studies have examined the extent to which common depression questionnaires are psychometrically appropriate for use in this population. Using item response theory, this study examined the psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory–II (BDI-II) in a sample of 947 autistic adults. BDI-II latent trait scores exhibited strong reliability, construct validity, and moderate ability to discriminate between depressed and nondepressed adults on the autism spectrum (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.796 [0.763, 0.826], sensitivity = 0.820 [0.785, 0.852], specificity = 0.653 [0.601, 0.699]). These results collectively indicate that the BDI-II is a valid measure of depressive symptoms in autistic adults, appropriate for quantifying depression severity in research studies or screening for depressive disorders in clinical settings. A free online score calculator has been created to facilitate the use of BDI-II latent trait scores for clinical and research applications (available at https://asdmeasures.shinyapps.io/bdi_score/ ).

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“…Non-motor features are also commonly shared between ASD and PD, demonstrated by a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety, and obsessive–compulsive disorders (OCDs) [ 2 , 44 ]. Patients with ASD show a prevalence of anxiety in 39.6% [ 45 ], depression in ~30% [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ], and OCD in 17.4% of cases. In PD, the prevalence of anxiety is described in 65–68.42% [ 50 , 51 ], depression in 13.8–56% [ 50 , 51 , 52 ], OCD in 37.5% (drug naïve) [ 53 ], and impulse control behavior (ICB) in 17.1–28.6% [ 54 , 55 ] of patients with PD.…”

Section: Overlapping Clinical Motor and Behavioral Phenomenology Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Alpha-Synuclein and Other Parkinson’s Genes in Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenerative Disorders

Torres

Wassouf

Zafar

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Neurodevelopmental and late-onset neurodegenerative disorders present as separate entities that are clinically and neuropathologically quite distinct. However, recent evidence has highlighted surprising commonalities and converging features at the clinical, genomic, and molecular level between these two disease spectra. This is particularly striking in the context of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Genetic causes and risk factors play a central role in disease pathophysiology and enable the identification of overlapping mechanisms and pathways. Here, we focus on clinico-genetic studies of causal variants and overlapping clinical and cellular features of ASD and PD. Several genes and genomic regions were selected for our review, including SNCA (alpha-synuclein), PARK2 (parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase), chromosome 22q11 deletion/DiGeorge region, and FMR1 (fragile X mental retardation 1) repeat expansion, which influence the development of both ASD and PD, with converging features related to synaptic function and neurogenesis. Both PD and ASD display alterations and impairments at the synaptic level, representing early and key disease phenotypes, which support the hypothesis of converging mechanisms between the two types of diseases. Therefore, understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms might inform on common targets and therapeutic approaches. We propose to re-conceptualize how we understand these disorders and provide a new angle into disease targets and mechanisms linking neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegeneration.

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Depression in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Cited by 95 publications

References 59 publications

Autism spectrum disorder

Autism spectrum disorder

Measuring Depression in Autistic Adults: Psychometric Validation of the Beck Depression Inventory–II

The Role of Alpha-Synuclein and Other Parkinson’s Genes in Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenerative Disorders

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