Depression During Pregnancy and Postpartum

Becker, Mark P.; Weinberger, Tal E.; Chandy, Ann; Schmukler, Sarah

doi:10.1007/s11920-016-0664-7

Cited by 211 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…The present study ndings show that the prevalence of postpartum depressive and post-traumatic stress symptoms among the women experiencing childbirth during the Covid-19 pandemic was higher than that reported in previous studies before the pandemic. Literature data report that approximately 10-16% of women met major depression's criteria at 3 months postpartum [24,[33][34][35][36]. The ndings for our cohort (30.7%) are shared by a recent study that reported that 30% of the mothers who delivered during the Covid-19 pandemic had a global EPDS score > 12 compared with 11.9% in an antecedent matched group of postpartum women [36].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Psychosocial factors associated with postpartum psychological distress during the Covid-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.

Ostacoli

Cosma

Bevilacqua

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Trauma, natural and man-made catastrophic events can be predictors of postpartum psychological distress. In a public health response due to coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak, the Italian government imposed a lockdown from March 9 to May 3. This extraordinary situation may have been challenging for maternal psychological health. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of depressive and post-traumatic stress symptoms in women giving birth during the Covid-19 pandemic and its associations with quarantine measures, obstetrical factors, and relational attachment style. Methods Women who gave birth in a high-volume obstetric/gynaecological medical centre located in an epidemic area during the Covid-19 pandemic (March 8 to June 15) were asked to complete an online survey about their childbirth experience and the perceived effect of the pandemic. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and the Relationship Questionnaire (RQ) were administered to assess levels of postpartum depressive and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and relational style of attachment, respectively. Multivariate analysis was applied to identify associations between quarantine measures, childbirth experience, attachment style, and EPDS and IES-R scores.Results The survey was completed by 163 women (response rate 60.8%). The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 44.2% (EPDS cut-off score ≥11) and the PTSS rate was 42.9% (IES-R cut-off score ≥24). Dismissive and fearful avoidant attachment styles were significantly associated with the risk of depression and PTSS, respectively. Perceived pain during delivery was a risk factor for postpartum depression. Perceived support provided by healthcare staff was a protective factor against depression and PTSS. Another protective factor against PTSS was quiet on the ward due to the absence of hospital visitors. Conclusion This study reports a high prevalence of postpartum depressive and PTSS in women who delivered during the Covid-19 pandemic. Postnatal psychological distress seemed to be associated more with the prenatal experience and other individual factors than with the pandemic hospital restrictions. Early detection during pregnancy of an insecure attachment style is fundamental to provide targeted preventive and therapeutic psychological interventions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Psychosocial factors associated with postpartum psychological distress during the Covid-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.

Ostacoli

Cosma

Bevilacqua

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Maternal stress also can simultaneously affect outcomes of the child by altering the functions of the maternal and fetus, leading to sleep disorder, increased risk of infl ammatory disease such as asthma [11,19]. These stressful events are closely related to psychological health, maternal-fetal relationship, and infant outcomes [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The factors Related to Maternal-Fetal Attachment: Examining the Effect of Mindfulness, Stress and Symptoms during Pregnancy

S¹

2019

Arch Nursing Pract Care

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Background:The development of a successful relationship between a mother and her developing fetus to foster maternal behavior attainment. Diverse factors such as psychophysiological elements infl uence the maternal-fetal relationship. Mindfulness, a psychological process, increasingly apples to the research of pregnant women's wellbeing. However, most studies focus solely on physiological outcomes; few consider the maternal-fetal bonding.Purpose: This research aims to investigate whether factors of stress, symptoms during pregnancy and mindfulness systematically related to maternal-fetal attachment.Methods: Data were collected from 339 pregnant women, which were recruited from two hospitals in Taiwan, using the following questionnaires: the mindfulness scale, the symptom scale, the pregnancy stress scale during pregnancy, and the maternal fetal attachment scale. A path analysis approach was used to test the relationship.Results: Pregnancy stress is the most robust factor of maternal-fetal attachment. The mindfulness and stress during pregnancy both have signifi cant direct effects on maternal-fetal attachment, ß = .46, and ß = 22, all p < 0.00, respectively. The mindfulness has a signifi cant inverse, direct effect (ß = -.13, p < 0.05) on stress during pregnancy. But the variable of symptoms during pregnancy is no signifi cant effect on maternal-fetal attachment. The model proposed in this study accounts for 22.5% (R2) variance in the relational model of maternal-fetal attachment. Conclusions:Given that the maternal mindfulness direct and indirect effect through stress variable on mother developing a closer connection with her babies, screenings of the relational elements should be incorporated into prenatal education programs.

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“…Previous studies [4,19] support that pregnant women have more complications during the COVID-19 epidemic period than they had before the pandemic. Anxiety during pregnancy may be associated with many complications, such as preterm action [20,21], low birth weight, fetal growth restriction [21,22], and postnatal complications [23].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness of Coronavirus Disease From Conception to Delivery: Antenatal Mental Journey Breaking Anxiety During Outbreak

Palalıoğlu

Karadeniz

Aytok

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Purpose The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychological impact of the coronavirus disease on women sensitized by pregnancy after the first case was confirmed in Turkey, which has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. This study also intends to help developing preventive measures for pregnants, reducing infection incidence, developing solutions to protect public health, and establishing whether pregnants have sufficient knowledge and awareness to manage this situation. Methods This prospective study was conducted at two centers. A total of 529 pregnant women from all three trimesters were given questionnaires that consisted of 51 original questions. Results The period when anxiety was highest was the 2nd trimester, whereas women in the 1st trimester had the lowest level of anxiety. High levels of awareness were observed in patients with heart disease, but patients with diabetes mellitus had a high level of anxiety. There was a statistically significant correlation between anxiety and awareness scores of the coronavirus disease. Conclusion The treatment and the long-term effects of the coronavirus disease remain unknown. It is important to maintain the mental and physical health of pregnants, who are in a more delicate condition in the society.

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Depression During Pregnancy and Postpartum

Cited by 211 publications

References 110 publications

Psychosocial factors associated with postpartum psychological distress during the Covid-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.

Psychosocial factors associated with postpartum psychological distress during the Covid-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.

The factors Related to Maternal-Fetal Attachment: Examining the Effect of Mindfulness, Stress and Symptoms during Pregnancy

Awareness of Coronavirus Disease From Conception to Delivery: Antenatal Mental Journey Breaking Anxiety During Outbreak

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