Depression, Control Motivation, and the Processing of Information about Others

Weary, Gifford; Marsh, Kerry L.; Gleicher, Faith; Edwards, John A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-8309-3_10

Control Motivation and Social Cognition 1993

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4613-8309-3_10

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Depression, Control Motivation, and the Processing of Information about Others

Gifford Weary¹,

Kerry L. Marsh²,

Faith Gleicher³

et al.

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Cited by 60 publications

(80 citation statements)

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“…Before describing the current research, however, we will first present an overview of Weary and Edwards's model of causal uncertainty. The model was derived from Weary and colleagues' work on depressed people's social perception processes (for reviews see Gannon, 1996, andWeary, Marsh, Gleicher, &Edwards, 1993). It also owes an important intellectual debt to more general models of cognitively based motivations, and, in particular, to cybernetic or control theory (Hyland, 1988).…”

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Chronic and temporarily activated causal uncertainty beliefs and stereotype usage.

Weary¹,

Jacobson²,

Edwards³

et al. 2001

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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In 3 studies, we examined the hypothesis that the effects of stereotype usage on target judgments are moderated by causal uncertainty beliefs and related accuracy goal structures. In Study 1, we focused on the role of chronically accessible causal uncertainty beliefs as predictors of a target's level of guilt for an alleged academic misconduct offense. In Study 2, we examined the role of chronic causal uncertainty reduction goals and a manipulated accuracy goal; in Study 3, we investigated the role of primed causal uncertainty beliefs on guilt judgments. In all 3 studies, we found that activation of causal uncertainty beliefs and accuracy concerns was related to a reduced usage of stereotypes. Moreover, this reduction was not associated with participants' levels of perceived control, depression, state affect, need for cognition, or personal need for structure. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for the model of causal uncertainty and, more generally, in terms of the motivational processes underlying stereotype usage.Within the past decade, there has been an explosion of renewed interest in goals and their effects on cognition, affect, and behavior (Gollwitzer & Bargh, 1996;Higgins & Sorrentino, 1990;Sorrentino & Higgins, 1986. Although much of this work focused on specific goal contents and their affective and behavioral sequelae, a major interest of contemporary theorists and researchers has been the various cognitive processes involved in goal-directed action. Individuals (e.g., Carver & Scheier, 1990;Weary & Edwards, 1996) working within this more recent tradition generally have viewed goals as cognitive representations of desired end states, and they have focused their attention on the cognitive processes and strategies used in the pursuit of goal attainment and/or disengagement.In addition to this focus on the cognitive bases of motivation and goal pursuit, several investigators (e.g., Bargh & Gollwitzer, 1994; Gifford Weary, Jill A. Jacobson, and Stephanie J. Tobin, Department of Psychology, Ohio State University; John A. Edwards, Department of Psychology, Oregon State University.Jill A. Jacobson is now at the Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine.This research was supported in part by National Science Foundation Research Grant SBR-970954I and by National Institute of Mental Health Training Grant T32-MH19728. Study 2 was conducted in connection with Jill A. Jacobson's dissertation research. Partial reports of the data for Study 2 were presented at the 1999 American Psychological Society meeting in Denver, CO. We thank Galen Bodenhausen for sharing his experimental materials with us.Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Gifford Weary, Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, 1885 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210. Electronic mail may be sent to weary.l@osu.edu. Spencer, Fein, Wolfe, Fong, & Dunn, 1998) have begun to focus on the possible implicit, or automatic, activation of goal-relevant cognitive structures. Thes...

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confidence: 99%

Chronic and temporarily activated causal uncertainty beliefs and stereotype usage.

Weary¹,

Jacobson²,

Edwards³

et al. 2001

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Self Cite

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“…Pittman & Pittman, 1980), are more accurate when facing the attitude attribution paradigm (Pittman, 1993) and when judging groups (Guinote, Judd, & Brauer, in press). Lack of control is pointed out as one factor that leads low to moderate depressives to display effortful information seeking and relative accurate perceptions (Alloy & Abramson, 1988;Weary et al, 1993). Intergroup research has shown that outcome dependency on outgroup members -when outgroup members control important outcomesleads to increased attention to stereotype inconsistent information of outgroup members (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Low to moderate control deprived participants actively seek and integrate information (e.g. Weary et al, 1993), engage in explanatory attributions (e.g. Pittman & Pittman, 1980), are more accurate when facing the attitude attribution paradigm (Pittman, 1993) and when judging groups (Guinote, Judd, & Brauer, in press).…”

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Lack of control leads to less stereotypic perceptions of groups: An individual difference perspective

Guinote

2012

Análise Psicológica

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One study was conducted to analyze the effect of perceived control over one’s life on group perception. Participants were presented with abstract and exemplar information regarding a group of 100 lawyers and answered a questionnaire with questions regarding group perception and perceived control. Considering thatlack of control leads to effortful information seeking, it was expected, and found that participants who perceived less control over their lives perceived the group of lawyers in a less stereotypic and more variable way than participants who perceived more control overtheir lives. This result is in line with results showing that lack of control leads to increased perceived group variability. The role of motivation on group perceptionis discussed.

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“…Personal control can be defined as "the ability to cause an effect in the intended direction," and a sense of personal control as a "measure of a person's view that they have control, as well as the belief that they could gain control if they wished" (4,5). Personal control plays a critical role in a variety of motivational, behavioral, and emotional processes (6,7). A sense of control is associated with positive psychological and physical health; perceived lack of control is associated with morbidity and psychopathology (4,5,8,9).…”

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Personal Control and Disordered Eating in Female Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes

2002

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OBJECTIVE -The onset and subsequent management of diabetes can challenge one's sense of control. Sense of control can also be affected by the biological changes accompanying normal pubertal development. The negative impact on one's sense of control may be further exacerbated when both events (i.e., diabetes and puberty) occur in relatively close temporal proximity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-This study examined the relationship between sense of control and disordered eating and glycemic control in 45 female adolescents with type 1 diabetes.RESULTS -A lower sense of overall control and a lower sense of bodily control were both directly related to more severe eating-disordered symptoms. However, a lower sense of overall control and lower bodily control were related to poorer metabolic control primarily when the diagnosis of diabetes occurred closer to the onset of puberty.CONCLUSIONS -Clinicians should assess and monitor perceptions of control and also consider the temporal proximity of disease onset and onset of puberty when managing type 1 diabetes in female adolescents. Diabetes Care

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Depression, Control Motivation, and the Processing of Information about Others

Cited by 60 publications

References 64 publications

Chronic and temporarily activated causal uncertainty beliefs and stereotype usage.

Chronic and temporarily activated causal uncertainty beliefs and stereotype usage.

Lack of control leads to less stereotypic perceptions of groups: An individual difference perspective

Personal Control and Disordered Eating in Female Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes

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