Depression–anxiety relationships with chronic physical conditions: Results from the World Mental Health surveys

Km, Scott; Bruffærts, Ronny; Tsang, Adley; Ormel, Johan; Alonso, Jordi; Mc, Angermeyer; Benjet, Corina; Bromet, Evelyn J.; Girolamo, Giovanni de; Graaf, Ron de; Gasquet, Isabelle; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep María; He, Yan; Kessler, RC; Levinson, Daphna; Mneimneh, ZN; Browne, MA Oakley; Posada‐Villa, José; Stein, Dan J.; Takeshima, Tadashi; Korff, Michael Von

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2007.01.015

Cited by 425 publications

(317 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…depression, other anxiety disorders, substance abuse) tend to co-occur with PTSD symptomatology following trauma exposure (Brady, Killeen, Brewerton, & Lucerini, 2000;Breslau, Davis, Peterson, & Schultz, 2000;Brown, Fulton, Wilkeson, & Petty, 2000;Creamer, McFarlane, & Burgess, 2005;O'Donnell, Creamer, & Pattison, 2004). Similar to PTSD, depression (Evans, Charney, Lewis, Golden, Gorman, Krishnan et al, 2005), other anxiety disorders (Sareen et al, 2005;Scott, Bruffaerts, Tsang, Ormel, Alonso, Angermeyer et al, 2007), and substance-related disorders (Dickey, Normand, Weiss, Drake, & Azeni, 2002) have been independently associated with chronic medical conditions. Trauma exposure may play a role in previously found relationships between other psychiatric diagnoses (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does number of lifetime traumas explain the relationship between PTSD and chronic medical conditions? Answers from the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication (NCS-R)

2008

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The present study sought to extend prior research by using data from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) to examine the relationship between number of lifetime traumas, PTSD and fifteen self-reported chronic medical conditions. The goal was to determine whether the commonly found relationship between PTSD symptomatology and physical health were better explained by the number of lifetime traumas experienced. The NCS-R is a representative U.S. household survey that assessed lifetime experience of a variety of traumas, lifetime diagnosis of PTSD and fifteen chronic medical conditions (e.g. pain conditions, cardiovascular disorders, etc.). Two major findings emerged: 1) there was a graded relationship between trauma exposure, PTSD, and the majority of chronic medical conditions where individuals with PTSD had the highest likelihood of chronic medical condition and non-traumatized individuals had the lowest risk and; 2) with the exception of headaches, the relationship between PTSD and chronic medical conditions was explained by the number of lifetime traumas experienced when analyses were subset to traumatized individuals. The present study supports prior research suggesting that multiple traumas have a cumulative effect on physical health. The impact of trauma on health may be independent of PTSD symptomatology. Keywords trauma; PTSD; chronic medical conditions; National Comorbidity Survey-Replication Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects 6.8% to 7.8% of the U.S. population during their lifetime (Cox, 2002;Kessler, Berglund, Demler, Jin, & Walters, 2005) and is recognized as an expensive form of psychiatric disability (Marciniak, Lage, Dunayevich, Russell, Bowman, Landbloom et al., 2005;Walker, Katon, Russo, Ciechanowski, Newman, & Wagner, 2003). According to one estimate, the annual cost of anxiety disorders in the U.S. was approximately $42.3 billion in mental and physical health services, with PTSD ranking as the highest in terms of per person health care expenditures (Greenberg, Sisitsky, Kessler, Finkelstein, Berndt, Davidson et al., 1999). Further, the majority of the economic burden (54%) is due to direct nonpsychiatric health care costs such as primary care and emergency room visits (Greenberg et al., 1999). Numerous studies have shown a consistent association between PTSD and both self-reported measures of physical health such as chronic pain, back problems and general physical complaints (Asmundson, Coons, Taylor, & Katz, 2002;Beckham, Crawford, Feldman, Kirby, Hertzberg, Davidson et al., 1997;McWilliams, Cox, & Enns, 2003; RoyByrne, Smith, Goldberg, Afari, & Buchwald, 2004 Goldberg, 2006;Vedantham, Brunet, Boyer, Weiss, Metzler, & Marmar, 2001;Wagner, Wolfe, Rotnitsky, Proctor, & Erickson, 2000;Wolfe, Schnurr, Brown, & Furey, 1994;Zoellner, Goodwin, & Foa, 2000) as well as a range of physician-diagnosed disorders such as cardiovascular/circulatory, autoimmune, musculoskeletal, digestive and respiratory disorders (Boscarino, 1997(Boscarino, , 2004Goodwin & Davidson, 2005;Ka...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does number of lifetime traumas explain the relationship between PTSD and chronic medical conditions? Answers from the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication (NCS-R)

2008

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“…[5][6][7] Potentially, there are reciprocal influential processes, such that the experience of the disease is sufficiently stressful to trigger or intensify the psychiatric condition or conversely anxiety or depression may be sufficient to trigger or exacerbate the health condition. [8][9][10] Alternatively, there has been significant discussion about potential common pathways, particularly between depression and inflammatory conditions such as IBD, related to dysfunctioning immunoregulatory circuits.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11][12][13] Regardless, the comorbidity can complicate functioning as well as disease outcomes. 7,14,15 A great deal of disability and functional impairment that occurs in chronic health problems is associated with anxiety and depression moreso than the features of the disease. 14,15 Depression has been projected to be the second leading cause of disability world-wide by 2020, 16 and yet it often goes unrecognized and untreated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and anxiety in inflammatory bowel disease: A review of comorbidity and management

Graff

Walker

Bernstein

2009

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

503

358

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“…Epidemiological studies suggest that anxiety can be categorized as a risk factor of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, decreased cognitive function, and even death (SCOTT et al, 2007). Stress is also a growing public health problem in today's modern life and may directly affect the processes that leads to deterioration of psychological (e.g., depression) and metabolic diseases (MCEWEN, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Western and Mediterranean-type dietary patterns and anxiety and stress

Kamali¹,

Dastsouz²,

Sadeghi³

et al. 2016

Acta Alimentaria

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In this study we investigated the relationship between dietary patterns and anxiety and stress in adults living in Shiraz, Iran. In a cross-sectional design, 416 subjects (180 men and 236 women) aged 20 to 50 years were selected by stratifi ed multistage random sampling. Dietary intakes were assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Mental health information was collected by depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS) questionnaire. Three major dietary patterns were extracted by factor analysis: vegetable, Western, and Mediterraneantype dietary patterns. Regression analysis showed a strong positive association between Western dietary pattern and anxiety (β=0.66; 95% CI: 0.03, 1.28), and stress (β=0.84; 95% CI: 0.1, 1.57). Also, there was an inverse association between Mediterranean-type dietary pattern and anxiety (β= -0.81; 95% CI: -1.43, -0.19). These associations remained statistically signifi cant even after adjustments for demographic characteristics, physical activity, smoking, body mass index, and energy intake. No association was found between vegetable dietary pattern and any of the assessed psychiatric disorders.

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Depression–anxiety relationships with chronic physical conditions: Results from the World Mental Health surveys

Cited by 425 publications

References 31 publications

Does number of lifetime traumas explain the relationship between PTSD and chronic medical conditions? Answers from the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication (NCS-R)

Does number of lifetime traumas explain the relationship between PTSD and chronic medical conditions? Answers from the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication (NCS-R)

Depression and anxiety in inflammatory bowel disease: A review of comorbidity and management

Associations between Western and Mediterranean-type dietary patterns and anxiety and stress

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