Depression and sports-related concussion: A systematic review

Yrondi, Antoine; Brauge, David; LeMen, Johanne; Arbus, Christophe; Pariente, Jérémie

doi:10.1016/j.lpm.2017.08.013

Cited by 56 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…6 When discussing expectations and prognosis following SRC, it is important to take into consideration other risk factors for prolonged recovery including a previous history of SRC and younger age at time of injury. 6,11,15,17,22,23 Symptoms of anxiety and depression are not limited to SRC and are common following sports-related injuries. Overall, athletes report lower baseline rates of depression compared with age-matched controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,7,9,10 Within the emotional domain, 49% of athletes endorsed at least one emotional symptom following SRC with 20% endorsing depression and 33% endorsing anxiety. [11][12][13] Emotional symptoms often have a delayed presentation and greater persistence as compared with symptoms from other domains. 4,14 In athletes referred to pediatric concussion programs, emotional symptoms are the most commonly reported with 72% of athletes endorsing at least one symptom in this domain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,7 In one study, athletes who endorsed baseline symptoms of depression were 4.6 times more likely to endorse symptoms of depression and 3.4 times more likely to report symptoms of anxiety following SRC. 11,12 Those athletes who reported pre-injury symptoms of a comorbid psychiatric disorder were more likely to have a prolonged recovery time as compared to controls and more likely to be diagnosed with PCS. 6,7,[15][16][17][18][19][20] The mechanism of the increased severity of the symptoms is unknown; however, some have hypothesized that the SRC exacerbates underlying symptoms present prior to injury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-concussion syndrome and pre-existing mood disorder: A case report

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DeCastro

Brock

2018

Int J Psychiatry Med

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Sport-related concussions in youth and adolescent athletes most commonly resolve within one week without residual symptoms, with athletes resuming full participation following return to play guidelines. A small percentage of athletes have persistent symptoms that cause significant morbidity, some of whom are ultimately diagnosed with post-concussion syndrome. In these athletes, symptoms in the emotional domain can be more prolonged than other domains, with athletes reporting anxiety and depression months to years following injury. A prior personal or family history of pre-existing mood disorder or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder increases the risk of a prolonged duration of symptoms. In this case series, we discuss two cases of post-concussion syndrome in adolescent athletes with a past personal or family history of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, and depression treated by a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy and medication with ongoing persistent symptoms. There is increased need for mental health screening in all athletes to identify individuals at risk for post-concussion syndrome. Early identification of at-risk individuals allows the interdisciplinary care team to discuss expectations for the athlete and family regarding duration of symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-concussion syndrome and pre-existing mood disorder: A case report

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DeCastro

Brock

2018

Int J Psychiatry Med

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“…Depression and increased reporting of depressive symptoms are common following mTBI. The incidence of post-mTBI depression may be as high as 42% in adults and 22% in children and adolescents [ 121–124 ]. Premorbid depression is a risk factor for prolonged recovery from mTBI and may be associated with postconcussion symptoms, as well as sleep disruption, impaired cognition and other post-mTBI psychiatric symptoms (e.g., anxiety) [ 17 , 20 , 125–129 ].…”

Section: Mtbis and Their Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential for the development of light therapies in mild traumatic brain injury

Raikes

Killgore

2018

Concussion

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Light affects almost all aspects of human physiological functioning, including circadian rhythms, sleep–wake regulation, alertness, cognition and mood. We review the existing relevant literature on the effects of various wavelengths of light on these major domains, particularly as they pertain to recovery from mild traumatic brain injuries. Evidence suggests that light, particularly in the blue wavelengths, has powerful alerting, cognitive and circadian phase shifting properties that could be useful for treatment. Other wavelengths, such as red and green may also have important effects that, if targeted appropriately, might also be useful for facilitating recovery. Despite the known effects of light, more research is needed. We recommend a personalized medicine approach to the use of light therapy as an adjunctive treatment for patients recovering from mild traumatic brain injury.

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“…Emerging research has explored the prevalence of depressive symptoms following recent concussion,24 25 predominately within American high school and collegiate athletes including football and rugby 16 26–32. Findings indicate depressive symptoms may be elevated up to 2-weeks after concussion28; however, it is unknown if these findings are applicable to AF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the association between recent concussion, subconcussive impacts and depressive symptoms in male Australian Football players

Harris

Chivers

McIntyre

et al. 2020

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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ObjectivesTo explore the association between depressive symptoms and recent head-related trauma (diagnosed concussion, subconcussive impacts) in semiprofessional male Australian Football (AF) players.MethodsSixty-nine semiprofessional male players from a West Australian Football League (WAFL) club participated in the study (Mage=21.81, SD=2.91 years). Depressive symptoms were measured using the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Injuries and potential confounding variables (eg, pre-existing mental health condition; alcohol or drug hangovers; experiencing a stressful event) were self-reported anonymously using the WAFL Injury Report Survey. Both tools were administered every 2-weeks over the first 22-weeks of the WAFL season. Controlling for potential confounding variables and other injuries, a repeated measures generalised estimating equations model assessed the risk of clinically relevant depressive symptoms occurring, when diagnosed concussion or subconcussive impacts were experienced.ResultsA total of 10 concussions and 183 subconcussive impacts were reported. Players who experienced a concussion were almost nine times more likely to experience clinically relevant depressive symptoms (OR 8.88, 95% CI 2.65 to 29.77, p<0.001). Although elevated, depressive symptoms following subconcussive impacts were not statistically significant (OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.92, p=0.641).ConclusionThese findings indicate that semiprofessional AF athletes may be at risk of experiencing depressive symptoms after concussion. Severity (concussion vs subconcussive impacts) and dose (number of impacts) appear to have an important relationship with depressive symptom outcomes in this cohort and should be considered for further research and management of player welfare.

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Depression and sports-related concussion: A systematic review

Cited by 56 publications

References 61 publications

Post-concussion syndrome and pre-existing mood disorder: A case report

Post-concussion syndrome and pre-existing mood disorder: A case report

Potential for the development of light therapies in mild traumatic brain injury

Exploring the association between recent concussion, subconcussive impacts and depressive symptoms in male Australian Football players

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