Depression and Somatization in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders in a Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Southern Brazil

Abstract

Purpose: To assess the prevalence of depression and somatization in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in a Brazilian population-based cross-sectional survey. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,643 subjects were assessed for TMD using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders Axes I and II and were assessed for depression and somatization using the Graded Chronic Pain Scale. The data were cross-tabulated for comparison between TMD subjects and controls. Results: TMD subjects had significantly worse depression and somatization levels than controls in the RDC/TMD Axis II. The levels were also worse in most Axis I TMD groups (muscle disorders and arthralgia/osteoarthritis/ osteoarthrosis). Conclusion: TMD subjects had worse depression and somatization, particularly in diagnostic groups with higher pain/disability levels.

Etiologic Factors of Temporomandibular Disorders: A Systematic Review of Literature Containing Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) and Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) from 2018 to 2022

“…Wilson et al [ 64 ] demonstrated a correlation between elevated levels of somatization and TMD pain. Rehm et al [ 65 ] also reached similar conclusions. The study found that individuals with Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) who experience muscle pain and arthralgia/osteoarthritis have higher pain intensity compared to those with disc displacement and lower pain intensity.…”

Subjective sleep quality and temporomandibular disorders: Systematic literature review and meta‐analysis

“…Coherently, in support of the biopsychosocial model of pain, worse results for quality of life, depression and somatization levels were also found for RDC/TMD Axis I groups 1 and 3 classification, which presented with higher pain levels, as compared to group 2. 3,67,68 Regarding the neurophysiological mechanisms involved in the in- distinguished between TMD as a regional or widespread pain syndrome based on the identification of a "sensitive" TMD subgroup that had symptoms resembling fibromyalgia, which differed from an "insensitive" TMD subgroup. Decreased function in pain inhibitory systems and enhancement of pain facilitatory pathways have been included as mechanisms contributing to pain amplification.…”

Remote physical examination for temporomandibular disorders

“…because of a less impact on psychosocial functioning and quality of life when compared with the pain-related diagnoses. 13,15,19…”

“…Moreover, the agreement for the diagnoses of intra-articular and degenerative joint disorders was considered secondary outcomes because of a less impact on psychosocial functioning and quality of life when compared with the pain-related diagnoses. 13,15,19…”