Depression and loneliness may have a direct connection without mediating factors

Kraav, Siiri‐Liisi; Lehto, Soili M.; Junttila, Niina; Ruusunen, Anu; Kauhanen, Jussi; Hantunen, Sari; Tolmunen, Tommi

doi:10.1080/08039488.2021.1894231

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The hypotheses formulated were all confirmed. The analyses conducted showed that, in line with the first hypothesis, well-being is negatively correlated with loneliness, social isolation, and perceived age discrimination in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic [ 11 , 66 , 67 ], while it is positively correlated with positive affect, confidence in the future, and physical health [ 68 , 69 ]. With regard to the second hypothesis, the model tested presents good fit indices and the relationships were all confirmed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Ageism and the Pandemic: Risk and Protective Factors of Well-Being in Older People

Donizzetti

Capone

2023

Geriatrics

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The COVID-19 pandemic has particularly affected the older population both in terms of the high number of victims and the psychological impact. Moreover, the pandemic has made older people more vulnerable to isolation and loneliness, and victims of ageism. The aim of the present study was to investigate the risk and protective factors for the well-being of older people during the pandemic. The role of positive affect, confidence in the future, current physical health, social isolation, loneliness, and ageism were analysed. A self-report questionnaire was administered to 1301 participants (mean age: 77.3 years, DS: 5.46), almost equally distributed by gender (56.1% female). Descriptive and correlational analyses were performed, together with SEM. The results showed that perceived age discrimination positively predicts loneliness and negatively and indirectly predicts well-being. Furthermore, positive affect, confidence in the future, and current physical health are protective factors, while loneliness, social isolation, and ageism are risk factors. Future emergency policies must take into account the impact of such actions on the well-being of this segment of the population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Ageism and the Pandemic: Risk and Protective Factors of Well-Being in Older People

Donizzetti

Capone

2023

Geriatrics

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“…Students who live alone or have a bad relationship with people around report severe depression ( Shao et al, 2020 ). Furthermore, studies show that loneliness stably predicts depression and can be an antecedent risk factor for depression ( Qualter et al, 2010 ; Vanhalst et al, 2012 ; Matthews et al, 2016 ; Kraav et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between State Loneliness and Depression Among Youths During COVID-19 Lockdown: Coping Style as Mediator

et al. 2021

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The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has had a great impact on public mental health. However, loneliness during the lockdown related to depression and whether the relationship would be mediated by coping style or whether sex moderates loneliness and coping style are not clear. The study aimed to examine the mediating role of coping style in the relationship between state loneliness and depression as well as the moderating role of sex in the relationship between state loneliness and coping styles during the COVID-19 lockdown. Participants were 337 college students in China during the COVID-19 pandemic (January–February 2020). States of depression and anxiety, state loneliness, and coping styles with COVID-19 were measured. The results show that loneliness was an effective predictor of depression during self-quarantine. Moreover, coping style mediated the relationship between state loneliness and depression although sex did not moderate the relationship between state loneliness and coping style. Youths were inclined to use more positive coping strategies than negative coping strategies. Our results indicate less loneliness is an effective way to relieve depression, and coping strategies, especially the positive ones, are important for youths to prevent depression and loneliness during the lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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“…Further analysis of data in this study showed that 21.24% of lonely and more anxious elderly were within the low socioeconomic groups while 5.12% were in the high socioeconomic groups. Other studies have shown that living alone was strongly associated with depressive symptoms and depression [ 57 , 63 – 65 ] and anxiety [ 66 ] in elderly. In this regard, Berkman believes that social support creates a sense of intimacy through emotional patronage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic inequality in depression and anxiety and its determinants in Iranian older adults

2022

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Background Older adults with lower socioeconomic status are more vulnerable to stressful life events and at increased risk of common mental health disorders like anxiety and depression. This study investigates the socioeconomic inequality in depressive symptoms and anxiety. Methods The data were from 7462 participants of the Neyshabur longitudinal study of ageing registered during 2016-2018. The outcome variables were anxiety and depressive symptoms. Anxiety was defined by the “Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale Questionnaire”, and depressive symptoms was defined and measured by the “short-term form of the Epidemiological Center Questionnaire.” The socioeconomic status was defined using principal component analysis of home assets. The Concentration Index (C) was used to measure socioeconomic inequality in anxiety and depressive symptoms. Concentration index was decomposed to its determinants to determine the role of the independent variables on inequality. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms and anxiety was 12.2% (95% CI: 11.4, 12.9) and 7.0% (95% CI: 6.4, 7.5), respectively. Moreover, the C for anxiety was -0.195 (95% CI: -0.254, -0.136) and for depressive symptoms was -0.206 (95% CI: -0.252, -0.159), which indicate a considerable inequality in favor of high socioeconomic group for anxiety and depressive symptoms. Decomposition of the concentration Index showed that education, unemployment and male sex were the most important positive contributors to the observed inequality in anxiety and depressive symptoms, while age and number of grandchildren were main negative contributors of this inequality. Conclusion Low socioeconomic groups were more affected by anxiety and depressive symptoms. Any intervention for alleviation of inequality in anxiety and depression should be focus on education and employment of people, especially in younger elderly.

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Depression and loneliness may have a direct connection without mediating factors

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

Ageism and the Pandemic: Risk and Protective Factors of Well-Being in Older People

Ageism and the Pandemic: Risk and Protective Factors of Well-Being in Older People

The Relationship Between State Loneliness and Depression Among Youths During COVID-19 Lockdown: Coping Style as Mediator

Socioeconomic inequality in depression and anxiety and its determinants in Iranian older adults

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