Depression and anxiety in pregnancy during COVID-19: A rapid review and meta-analysis

Tomfohr‐Madsen, Lianne; Racine, Nicole; Giesbrecht, Gerald F.; Lebel, Catherine; Madigan, Sheri

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113912

Cited by 172 publications

(154 citation statements)

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“…The heterogeneity of study designs and inconsistent results clearly indicate the need for summative research-namely reviews, which contribute to delineate the impact of the pandemic on the mental state of pregnant women and new mothers. Previous systematic reviews [16,17,19,20] and a recent rapid review [18] have focused on the prevalence of anxiety and depression among pregnant women and new mothers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few systematic reviews with meta-analysis following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines [15] have been carried out. The results of the reviews concerning antenatal psychological symptoms indicate increased severity of anxiety [16] and increased prevalence of anxiety and depression [17][18][19] in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on a systematic review with meta-analysis, Yan et al [20] found high rates of anxiety, depression and insomnia in pregnant women and new mothers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perinatal Mental Health during COVID-19 Pandemic: An Integrative Review and Implications for Clinical Practice

Suwalska

Napierała

Bogdański

et al. 2021

JCM

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The COVID-19 pandemic and measures implemented to decelerate its spread have consequences for mental health of societies. The aim of our review was to analyze depressive and anxiety symptoms in perinatal women. The search used PubMed and Web of Science databases. Most studies showed an increase in the prevalence of depression and/or anxiety symptoms. Risk factors identified in our study were mainly related to the possibility of COVID-19 infection, changes in the organization of perinatal care, social isolation and financial problems. Protective factors included social support, the woman’s own activity and knowledge about COVID-19. The results of our study point to the importance of the mental health screening including suicide risk assessment in perinatal women. Much of the mental health needs of perinatal women can be met in primary or perinatal care services; however, women with mental health issues should be offered psychiatric consultations and psychological support, and sometimes urgent psychiatric hospitalization is necessary. Healthcare professionals should provide information addressing uncertainty about COVID-19, organization of midwifery and medical care as well as mental health problems and how to get help. Mental health interventions in pregnant women may involve planning physical activity and encouraging to engage in online social activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal Mental Health during COVID-19 Pandemic: An Integrative Review and Implications for Clinical Practice

Suwalska

Napierała

Bogdański

et al. 2021

JCM

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“…However, pregnant women with mild to moderate symptoms of depression during their rst and second trimester of pregnancy, have shown a natural remission of symptoms during the perinatal period, even without intervention (20,21) . Recent studies have reported elevated levels of perinatal depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic (22)(23)(24) , compared to studies done previously. In addition, pregnant women in the rst and third trimester of pregnancy, and those with other children, were at greater risk than other pregnant women (24) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Food insecurity and common mental disorders in perinatal women living in low socio-economic settings in Cape Town, South Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cohort study

Abrahams

Lund

2021

Preprint

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Objective: Common mental disorders (CMDs) such as depression and anxiety are highly prevalent during the perinatal period, and are associated with food insecurity, domestic violence and lack of social support. This study explores the relationship between household food insecurity, mental health status and several adverse social and economic factors experienced by perinatal women during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design: Cohort study, using telephonic interviews at two time-points, three months apart. Logistic regression analysis was used to model the associations of several baseline risk factors with the occurrence of household food insecurity at follow-up as the outcome.Setting: Midwife obstetric units or basic antenatal care units in Cape Town, South Africa.Participants: The sample comprised of 880 perinatal women at baseline and 660 women at follow-up. Results: At baseline 23% were pregnant, 54% were unemployed, 13% had a probable CMD, 43% were severely food insecure and 21% experienced domestic abuse in the past year. Of the 660 women interviewed at follow-up, 71% were unemployment, 3.5% were pregnant, 7% had a probable CMD, and 32% were severely food insecure. In the multivariate regression model, after controlling for ethnicity, number of children, being HIV-infected, and having a planned pregnancy, the odds of being food insecure were greater in women who were unemployed (OR=1.88; p=0.001) or had probable CMD (OR=2.20; p=0.019) at baseline. Conclusions: This study highlights a range of socio-demographic and mental health related variables that predict food insecurity among perinatal women during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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“…In a large population-based study in the United Kingdom, some of the highest increases in mental distress during the early months of the pandemic were among mothers of young children (Pierce, Hope, et al, 2020). Cross-sectional studies during the pandemic have also demonstrated high prevalence rates of mental health symptoms among pregnant women and mothers, including depression and anxiety, with rates well above those that existed before the COVID-19 pandemic (Cameron et al, 2020;Tomfohr-Madsen et al, 2021).…”

Section: Maternal Mental Health During the Covid-19 Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

When the Bough Breaks: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mental Health Symptoms in Mothers of Young Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Racine¹,

Eirich²,

Cookee³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Parents have experienced considerable challenges and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may impact their well-being. This meta-analysis sought to identify: 1) the prevalence of depression and anxiety in parents of young children (< age 5) during the COVID-19 pandemic, and 2) sociodemographic (e.g., parent age, minority status) and methodological moderators (e.g., study quality) that explain heterogeneity among studies. A systematic search was conducted across four databases from January 1st, 2020 to March 3st, 2021. A total of 18 non-overlapping studies (9,101 participants), all focused on maternal mental health, met inclusion criteria. Random-effect meta-analyses were conducted. Pooled prevalence estimates for clinically significant depression and anxiety symptoms for mothers of young children during the COVID-19 pandemic were 27.4% (95% CI: 21.5-34.3) and 43.5% (95% CI:27.5-60.9), respectively. Prevalence of clinically elevated depression and anxiety symptoms were higher in Europe and North America and among older mothers. Clinically elevated depressive symptoms were lower in studies with a higher percentage of racial and ethnic minority individuals. In comparison, clinically elevated anxiety symptoms were higher among studies of low study quality and in samples with highly educated mothers. Policies and resources targeting improvements in maternal mental health are essential.

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Depression and anxiety in pregnancy during COVID-19: A rapid review and meta-analysis

Cited by 172 publications

References 13 publications

Perinatal Mental Health during COVID-19 Pandemic: An Integrative Review and Implications for Clinical Practice

Perinatal Mental Health during COVID-19 Pandemic: An Integrative Review and Implications for Clinical Practice

Food insecurity and common mental disorders in perinatal women living in low socio-economic settings in Cape Town, South Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cohort study

When the Bough Breaks: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mental Health Symptoms in Mothers of Young Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic

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