Depression and anxiety in people affected by leprosy and lymphatic filariasis: a cross-sectional study in four States in India

Mangeard-Lourme, Jennifer; Arquer, Guillermo Robert de; Parasa, Jayaram; Singh, Rajni; Satle, Naveen; Mamhidi, Radhika

doi:10.47276/lr.91.4.367

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This proportion of respondents who were depressed from the result of this study is higher than what was obtained from a study in Sokoto, Nigeria where 47.7% of the people with leprosy had psychiatric disorders [15]. Studies in India have indicated the range of depressive disorders from 30-53% for persons affected by leprosy [22][23][24][25]. The study also revealed that very high proportion of respondents 79.4% were found to have anxiety disorders.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

“…In a study in India that involved persons affected by leprosy who presented in the out-patient department of a hospital, 10% of them had anxiety disorders [ 23 ]. In a study that included persons affected by leprosy and lymphatic filariasis, about half of them reported episodes of depression and anxiety [ 24 ]. In another study in India, 19% of persons affected by leprosy were found to have anxiety disorders [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the burden of poor mental health and wellbeing among persons affected by leprosy or Buruli ulcer in Nigeria: A community based cross-sectional study

Ossai,

Ekeke,

Esmai-Onyima

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background Skin neglected tropical diseases including leprosy and Buruli ulcer (BU)are a group of stigmatizing and disability-inducing conditions and these aspects of the diseases could lead to poor mental health. The study was designed to assess the burden of poor mental health and wellbeing among persons affected by leprosy or BU in Nigeria Methods A community based cross-sectional study design was employed. The study involved persons affected by leprosy or BU. Ten local government areas with the highest number of notified leprosy or BU cases between 2014 and 2018 in southern Nigeria were purposively selected. Information were obtained using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorders-7 (GAD-7), Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) and OSLO Social Support Scale. Outcome measure was poor mental health/wellbeing and was determined by proportion of respondents who had depressive symptoms, anxiety disorder and poor mental wellbeing. Results A total of 635 persons affected by leprosy or BU participated in the study. The mean age of respondents was 43.8±17.0 years and highest proportion, 22.2% were in age group, 40–49 years. Majority of respondents, 50.7% were males. A higher proportion of respondents, 89.9% had depressive symptoms, 79.4% had anxiety disorders and 66.1% had poor mental wellbeing. Majority, 57.2% had poor mental health/wellbeing. Among the respondents, there was a strong positive correlation between depression and anxiety scores, (r = 0.772, p<0.001). There was a weak negative correlation between depression score and WEMWBS score, (r = -0.457, p<0.001); anxiety score and WEMWBS score, (r = -0.483, p<0.001). Predictors of poor mental health/wellbeing included having no formal education, (AOR = 1.9, 95%CI: 1.1–3.3), being unemployed, (AOR = 3.4, 95%CI: 2.2–5.3), being affected by leprosy, (AOR = 0.2, 95%CI: 0.1–0.4) and having poor social support, (AOR = 6.6, 95%CI: 3.7–11.8). Conclusions The burden of poor mental health/wellbeing among persons affected by leprosy or BU is very high. There is need to include mental health interventions in the management of persons affected with leprosy or BU. Equally important is finding a feasible, cost-effective and sustainable approach to delivering mental health care for persons affected with leprosy or BU at the community level. Improving educational status and social support of persons affected by leprosy or BU are essential. Engaging them in productive activities will be of essence.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the burden of poor mental health and wellbeing among persons affected by leprosy or Buruli ulcer in Nigeria: A community based cross-sectional study

Ossai,

Ekeke,

Esmai-Onyima

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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“…This is similar to the findings reported in India, where participants affected by leprosy reported a higher intensity of depression and anxiety. 32 The results also showed that stigma exists among persons affected by NTDs, especially in getting a job, feeling pity and ashamed, and avoidance by other people. The results of the current study are consistent with studies in Bangladesh 9 and Brazil 33 using the WHOQOL-BREF, which found that people with leprosy had significantly poorer QOL than controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…For instance, a higher disability grade can result in poorer mental well-being, perceived stigma and QOL. 32 , 34 , 37 Our study did not measure disability grade among the patients. The previous study largely used the Dermatology Life Quality Index to measure the QOL of patients affected by leprosy and LF, which limited the comparison of QOL observed in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Stigma, depression and quality of life among people affected by neglected tropical diseases in Nepal

Thapa,

Dahal,

Chaulagain

et al. 2023

International Health

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Background Stigma and poor mental health are important factors influencing the quality of life (QOL) of people with neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). This study examines the relationship between stigma, depression and QOL among people affected by leprosy and lymphatic filariasis (LF) in Nepal. Methods A cross-sectional community-based survey was conducted among 102 NTD-affected persons (70 leprosy and 32 LF) using interview-administered questionnaires measuring the level of stigma (5-QSI-AP), symptoms of depression (PHQ-9) and QOL (WHOQOL-8). Three different regression models were developed, each using the ordinary least squares and Poisson regression to evaluate the association between stigma and QOL, depression and QOL, and stigma and depression. Results The mean scores were 21.8±4.4 for QOL, 6.6±5.6 for depression and 3.0±2.8 for stigma. Almost 17% reported the prevalence of depression symptoms. Both stigma (β=−0.65, p<0.001) and depression (β=−0.32, p<0.001) were associated with lower scores for QOL, while there was a significant positive relationship between stigma and depression (β=0.92, p<0.001). Similar results were obtained from the Poisson regression models. Conclusions The study showed a considerable burden of depression, stigma and poor QOL among study participants with leprosy and LF in Nepal. A holistic package of care that addresses the physical, mental and psychological well-being of people with NTD is required. Contexte La stigmatisation et la mauvaise santé mentale sont des facteurs importants qui influencent la qualité de vie des personnes atteintes de maladies tropicales négligées (MTN). Cette étude examine la relation entre la stigmatisation, la dépression et la qualité de vie chez les personnes atteintes de lèpre et de filariose lymphatique au Népal. Méthodes utilisées Une enquête communautaire transversale a été menée auprès de 102 personnes atteintes de MTN (70 de la lèpre et 32 de la filariose lymphatique) à l'aide de questionnaires administrés par entretien mesurant le niveau de stigmatisation (5-QSI-AP), les symptômes de dépression (PHQ-9) et la qualité de vie (WHOQOL-8). Trois modèles de régression différents ont été développés, chacun utilisant les moindres carrés ordinaires et la régression de Poisson pour évaluer l'association entre : (i) la stigmatisation et la QV; (ii) la dépression et la QV; et (iii) la stigmatisation et la dépression. Résultats Les scores moyens étaient de 21,8±4,4 pour la QV, 6,6±5,6 pour la dépression, et 3,0±2,8 pour la stigmatisation. Près de 17% des personnes interrogées ont signalé la prévalence de symptômes dépressifs. La stigmatisation (β = −0,65, p<0 001) et la dépression (β = −0,32, p<0 001) ont été associées à des scores plus faibles pour la qualité de vie, tandis qu'il existait une relation positive significative entre la stigmatisation et la dépression (β = 0,92, p<0 001). Des résultats similaires ont été obtenus à partir des modèles de régression de Poisson. Conclusions L'étude a montré une incidence importante de dépression, de stigmatisation et d'une mauvaise qualité de vie parmi les participants atteints de lèpre et de FL au Népal. Il convient donc de mettre en place un ensemble de soins holistiques pour ces patients qui prendrait en compte le bien-être physique, mental et psychologique des personnes atteintes de MTN. Antecedentes La estigmatización y la mala salud mental son factores importantes que influyen en la calidad de vida de las personas con enfermedades tropicales desatendidas. las personas con enfermedades tropicales desatendidas (ETD). Este estudio examina la relación entre el estigma, la depresión y la CdV entre las personas afectadas por lepra y lepra y la filariasis linfática en Nepal. Métodos Se realizó una encuesta comunitaria transversal entre 102 personas afectadas por ETD (70 de lepra y 32 de filariasis linfática) utilizando cuestionarios entrevistas para medir el nivel de estigma (5-QSI-AP), los síntomas de depresión (PHQ- 9) y la CdV (OMS- 9). 9) y la calidad de vida (WHOQOL-8). Se desarrollaron tres modelos de regresión diferentes regresión de Poisson para evaluar la asociación entre: (i) el estigma y (ii) la depresión. entre: (i) estigma y CdV; (ii) depresión y CdV; y (iii) estigma y depresión. Resultados Las puntuaciones medias fueron 21,8±4,4 para la CdV, 6,6±5,6 para la depresión y 3,0±2,8 para el estigma. Casi el 17% informó de la prevalencia de síntomas de depresión. Tanto el estigma (β = −0,65, p<0 001), como la depresión (β = −0,32, p<0 001) se asociaron con puntuaciones más bajas para la CdV, mientras que hubo una relación positiva significativa entre el estigma y la depresión (β = 0,92, p<0 001). Se obtuvieron resultados similares en los modelos de regresión de Poisson. Conclusiones El estudio mostró una carga considerable de depresión, estigma y mala CdV entre los participantes del estudio con lepra y FL en Nepal. Se requiere un paquete holístico de atención que aborde el bienestar físico, mental y psicológico de las personas con ETD.

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“… 1–4 A study in India has demonstrated that approximately one-half of the people affected by leprosy or LF experience depression or anxiety. 2 Peer support has been suggested as a promising strategy to address these psychosocial issues, as it has been shown to be effective in reducing stigma and increasing social participation in the field of leprosy. 5 , 6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of basic psychological support on stigma and the mental well-being of people with disabilities due to leprosy and lymphatic filariasis: a postintervention evaluation study

Mol,

Miedema,

van Wijk

et al. 2023

International Health

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Background A peer support intervention, called basic psychological support for people affected by neglected tropical diseases (BPS-N), was piloted in India to improve mental well-being and social participation and to reduce stigma among people with disabilities due to leprosy or lymphatic filariasis. Preintervention and postintervention assessments showed improvements in mental well-being and reductions in depression and stigma. This study aimed to further evaluate this intervention at approximately 2 mo after its completion. Methods Scales were administered to 62 clients to measure stigma, depression, mental well-being and participation levels. Interviews with 13 clients and six peer supporters were conducted. Results Stigma scores were significantly reduced at 2 mo postintervention compared with preintervention and postintervention. The improvement in mental well-being detected at immediate postintervention had not changed significantly 2 mo later. Depression levels were higher than at postintervention, but lower than at preintervention levels. No significant differences were found in median participation scores, but the number of clients with moderate and severe participation restrictions reduced significantly from postintervention to 2 mo follow-up. Qualitative results showed that clients received information about their condition and treatment, and that some experienced positive effects on their emotions and self-esteem. Conclusions This study provides additional evidence on the proof of concept of BPS-N. Contexte Une intervention de soutien par les pairs, appelée Soutien psychologique de base pour les personnes atteintes de maladies tropicales négligées (BPS-N), a été pilotée en Inde afin d'améliorer le bien-être mental et la participation sociale, et de réduire la stigmatisation, chez les personnes souffrant d'incapacités dues à la lèpre ou à la filariose lymphatique. Les évaluations avant et après l'intervention ont montré une amélioration du bien-être mental et une réduction de la dépression et de la stigmatisation chez ces personnes. Cette étude avait pour but d'évaluer cette intervention environ 2 mois après son achèvement. Méthodes Des échelles ont été administrées à 62 clients pour mesurer la stigmatisation, la dépression, le bien-être mental et les niveaux de participation. Des entretiens ont été menés avec 13 clients et 6 pairs aidants. Résultats Les scores de stigmatisation ont été significativement réduits deux mois après l'intervention par rapport à la situation avant et après l'intervention. L'amélioration du bien-être mental détectée immédiatement après l'intervention n'a pas changé de manière significative deux mois plus tard. Les niveaux de dépression étaient plus élevés qu'après l'intervention, mais plus bas qu'avant l'intervention. Aucune différence significative n'a été constatée dans les scores médians de participation, mais le nombre de clients ayant des restrictions de participation modérées et sévères a diminué de manière significative entre la période post-intervention et les deux mois de suivi. Les résultats qualitatifs ont montré que les clients ont reçu des informations sur leur état et leur traitement, et que certains ont ressenti des effets positifs sur leurs émotions et leur estime de soi. Conclusions Cette étude a fourni des preuves supplémentaires de l'efficacité de la BPS-N. Introducción Una intervención de apoyo entre iguales, denominada Apoyo Psicológico Básico para personas afectadas por enfermedades tropicales desatendidas (BPS-N), se puso a prueba en la India para mejorar el bienestar mental y la participación social y reducir el estigma entre las personas con discapacidades debidas a la lepra o la filariasis linfática. Las evaluaciones previas y posteriores a la intervención mostraron mejoras en el bienestar mental y reducciones en la depresión y el estigma. El objetivo de este estudio era seguir evaluando esta intervención ∼2 meses después de su finalización. Métodos Se administraron escalas a 62 clientes para medir el estigma, la depresión, el bienestar mental y los niveles de participación. Se realizaron entrevistas con 13 clientes y 6 compañeros de apoyo. Resultados Las puntuaciones de estigma se redujeron significativamente a los 2 meses de la intervención, en comparación con antes y después de la misma. La mejora del bienestar mental detectada inmediatamente después de la intervención no había cambiado significativamente 2 meses después. Los niveles de depresión eran más altos que en el postintervención, pero más bajos que en el preintervención. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en las puntuaciones medias de participación, pero el número de clientes con restricciones de participación moderadas y graves se redujo significativamente entre el periodo posterior a la intervención y los 2 meses de seguimiento. Los resultados cualitativos mostraron que los clientes recibieron información sobre su enfermedad y tratamiento, y que algunos experimentaron efectos positivos en sus emociones y autoestima. Conclusiones Este estudio aportó pruebas adicionales sobre la prueba de concepto de la BPS-N.

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Depression and anxiety in people affected by leprosy and lymphatic filariasis: a cross-sectional study in four States in India

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Understanding the burden of poor mental health and wellbeing among persons affected by leprosy or Buruli ulcer in Nigeria: A community based cross-sectional study

Understanding the burden of poor mental health and wellbeing among persons affected by leprosy or Buruli ulcer in Nigeria: A community based cross-sectional study

Stigma, depression and quality of life among people affected by neglected tropical diseases in Nepal

Impact of basic psychological support on stigma and the mental well-being of people with disabilities due to leprosy and lymphatic filariasis: a postintervention evaluation study

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