Depression and anxiety in adolescents with congenital heart disease

Abstract

IntroductionAdolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at an increased risk of developing psychological distress. Aim of the study The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of depression and anxiety in adolescents with CHD, and to identify the predictors related to these disorders. Participants and methods This is a cross-sectional case-control study. A total of 60 adolescents with CHD aged between 12 and 18 years and 30 apparently healthy adolescents were recruited. All participants were assessed using a designed questionnaire, the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), the Revised Children Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS), and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents (MINI-KID). ResultsThe prevalence of depression was higher in adolescents with CHD compared with healthy controls (18.3 vs. 3.3%, P = 0.048). Moreover, 30% of adolescents with CHD had anxiety compared with 10% of the control group (P = 0.03). Multivariate analysis of risk factors showed that the level of education (being illiterate) and the symptomatic cardiac functional class were significant predictors of depression in adolescents with CHD. Likewise, the presence of more than one cardiac defect and having more than one cardiac catheterization were significant predictors of anxiety in adolescents with CHD. Conclusion Adolescents with CHD are at an increased risk of having depression and anxiety, especially those with a low level of education, severe cardiac illness, and multiple cardiac catheterizations. Appropriate psychiatric assessment and early intervention can improve the quality of life of adolescents with CHD.

Outpatient clinic‐wide psychological screening for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Qatar: An initiative for integrative healthcare in the Gulf region

“…However, there is some indication that rates could be high, and one of the most frequent comorbid conditions in adults with anxiety and depression was found to be diabetes 38 . Rates of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease in another Arab country were found to be comparable to our results, but significantly higher than those reported by their healthy peers 39 …”

“…38 Rates of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease in another Arab country were found to be comparable to our results, but significantly higher than those reported by their healthy peers. 39 The correlation between the parent proxy and child reports on the two measures that use a parent proxy and a child version (i.e., MFQ, PedsQL™) indicated good parallel forms reliability, and also that parents seemed to have insight into the experience and behavior of their children. Importantly, parent's report on the PedsQL™ was found to be associated with HbA1c, indicating that using this screening tool in the clinic could contribute to identifying children at higher risk of suboptimal diabetes outcomes.…”

The Effect of a Fundamental Movement Skill Intervention on the Physical Literacy Levels of Children with Congenital Heart Disease – A CHAMPS* Cohort Study: Physical Literacy in Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease

“…The self-description domain of PLAYself determines the child's self-efficacy and it's connection to their engagement in physical activity (Canadian Sport for Life, 2013b). The lack of a change in the self-description domain could be due to children with CHD's higher health anxiety (Awaad & Darahim, 2015;Oliver et al, 2018) or because they have a greater fear of attaining a physical injury while being active (Oliver et al, 2018). Another reason we did not see a change could be due to the interventions inability to improve the perceived selfconfidence of the participants.…”

Cardiac rehabilitation for children and young people (CardioActive): protocol for a single-blind randomised feasibility and acceptability study of a centre-based cardiac rehabilitation programme versus usual care in 11–16 years with heart conditions

“…Survivors of CHD face challenges and comorbidities which impact their ability to function,2 future employment and progression into independent adulthood 3 4. CYP with heart conditions have a reduced quality of life and poorer psychological functioning,5–7 as 41% of CYP with CHD experience significant difficulties adjusting to their heart condition, and 30% experience clinically significant anxiety or depression 7–13. In addition, overprotection from parents, educators and healthcare staff contributes to reduced physical activity and exercise intolerance 14–17.…”