Depression Affects Emotional Eating and Dietary Intake and Is Related to Food Insecurity in a Group of Multiethnic, Low-income Women

Dressler, Heidi; Smith, Chery

doi:10.1080/19320248.2015.1045666

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Unfortunately, neither study was exclusively conducted in the subgroup of interest in this review. However, the finding by Turk et al is supported by work conducted by Phillips et al among Black and Hispanic adults (89% women, 52% Black, 42% Hispanic, and 5% both) enrolled in a behavioural weight‐loss trial; the authors found that the likelihood of losing weight decreased as participants have experienced more interval life events (ILE) defined as major life events and difficulties . More importantly, participants who reported three or more ILEs over 1 year actually gained weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…While the four studies similarly measured depression either using the Beck Depression Inventory or Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D), their eating behaviour outcomes varied, making comparisons difficult. In the study by Dressler and Smith, nutrient analysis results revealed that participants with depression consumed more overall calories and calories from fat and added sugar than nondepressed participants. Emotional eating, which was notably measured with a series of questions derived from validated instruments and informed by focus groups, was found to partially mediate the relationship between depression and increased energy intake.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, in this review, we assessed each study on its own, based on the details that were reported. With this factored in, nine studies received quality ratings of good, five received ratings of fair, and one received a rating of poor . Studies overall performed well on the following criteria: (a) clearly stating the study objective; (b) defining the study population and participation rate; (c) delineating the inclusion and exclusion criteria while uniformly applying them to all participants; (d) clearly defining the exposure variable and outcome variables, which were often measured by valid and reliable scales; and (e) describing the statistical analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the four studies that evaluated the association of depression and emotional eating, all four identified a positive correlation between depressive symptoms and emotional eating behaviours. While the four studies similarly measured depression either using the Beck Depression Inventory or Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D), their eating behaviour outcomes varied, making comparisons difficult.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More importantly, participants who reported three or more ILEs over 1 year actually gained weight. The intervention composed of a daily positive affect inducing exercise where participants were provided a script to identify small things that made them feel good and asked to think about those things when they first woke up in the morning and throughout their day . This intervention was most effective in preventing weight gain among participants experiencing ILEs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding and effectively addressing disparities in obesity: A systematic review of the psychological determinants of emotional eating behaviours among Black women

et al. 2020

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Emotional eating may be a particularly important contributor to differences in body weight and weight loss response to behavioural interventions among non-Hispanic Black women. We performed a systematic review on the impact of psychological factors (stress, anxiety, depression, and discrimination) upon emotional eating and weight among non-Hispanic Black women, applying the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis for relevant studies. The initial search yielded 4593 articles with 15 accepted for review. Based on this review, there is a suggestion that negative emotions, in particular, perceived stress, may be predictive of emotional eating among non-Hispanic Black women. Results from the only two longitudinal studies identified by the review indicate that stress influences emotional eating, and emotional eating predicts weight gain over time. Findings from this review highlight the need for more studies that examine various negative emotions that may lead to emotional eating and weight gain among non-Hispanic Black women. Findings from this review also highlight the need for more rigorous studies to differentiate the effects of emotional eating from that of the physiologic (ie, activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis) responses to stress and its impact on highrisk groups. K E Y W O R D S emotional eating behaviours, depression, stress 1 | INTRODUCTION More than 80% of non-Hispanic Black women are overweight (body mass index [BMI] of >25-29 kg/m 2 ) and/or obese (BMI of >30 kg/m 2 ) compared with 61% of White women. 1 Excess weight is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), dyslipidemia, type II diabetes, sleep apnoea, osteoarthritis, and multiple cancers (ie, endometrial, breast, colon, kidney, gallbladder, and liver). 1-3 Adults with obesity have a 20% or higher risk of dying of all-cause mortality or CVD compared with adults of normal weight. 4 These health consequences are disproportionately linked to disparities in obesity prevalence among non-Hispanic Black women. 1,5 Causes of overweight and obesity among non-Hispanic Black women are multifactorial. Empirical evidence indicates that non-Hispanic Black women experience high levels of socioeconomic deprivation in childhood, obesogenic built environments, 6perceived racial discrimination, 7,8 and chronic psychosocial stress, [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] which are all associated with weight gain and obesity.Weight loss response to behavioural treatment among non-Hispanic Black women significantly differs from that of other groups.Results from the Diabetes Prevention Study at 12 months demonstrated similar weight loss results of 7.1% to 8.4% among White and Hispanic men and women and non-Hispanic Black men but

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding and effectively addressing disparities in obesity: A systematic review of the psychological determinants of emotional eating behaviours among Black women

et al. 2020

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Accuracy of self‐reported heights and weights in a predominately low‐income, diverse population living in the USA

Opichka

Smith

2018

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives: This study explored the accuracy of self-reported heights and weights and factors associated with self-reported bias in a diverse American sample. Methods: Demographic, self-reported, and measured height and weight data from different studies with the same PI were compiled into one SPSS file and analyzed with paired t-tests to detect differences between self-reported and actual values. Kruskal-Wallis tests followed by pairwise t-tests detected differences among age, ethnicity, sex, income, and education. Stepwise regression analyses were done using anthropometric differences as the dependent variable and age category, sex, and ethnicity as independent variables to explore which variable was most predictive of anthropometric differences. Results: Individuals over-reported height and under-reported weight leading to an under-calculated BMI from self-reported height and weight by 0.6-1 kg/m 2 . These under-calculations of BMI led to misclassifications of obesity by 3, 6, 8, and 4% for African American, Euro-American, Native American women, and total women, and by 5, 6, 8, and 8% by African American, Euro-American, Native American men, and total men. Older individuals and males over-reported height more than younger individuals and females. African American females over-reported height to a lesser extent than other ethnicities. Asian males over-reported height to a lesser extent than other ethnicities. Conclusions: Self-reported heights and weights lead to invalid results. Most individuals over-report height and under-report weight, resulting in an inaccurate underweight and obesity prevalence. Being misclassified into the incorrect BMI category could result in inappropriate healthcare treatment. Age, ethnicity, and sex appear to influence the misreporting of height and weight.

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Promoting Healthy Eating Attitudes Among Uninsured Primary Care Patients

et al. 2016

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Obesity is associated with a number of chronic health problems such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer. While common prevention and treatment strategies to control unhealthy weight gain tend to target behaviors and lifestyles, the psychological factors which affect eating behaviors among underserved populations also need to be further addressed and included in practice implementations. The purpose of this study is to examine positive and negative emotional valence about food among underserved populations in a primary care setting. Uninsured primary care patients (N = 621) participated in a self-administered survey from September to December in 2015. Higher levels of perceived benefits of healthy food choice were associated with lower levels of a negative emotional valence about food while higher levels of perceived barriers to healthy food choice are related to higher levels of a negative emotional valence about food. Greater acceptance of motivation to eat was associated with higher levels of positive and negative emotional valence about food. Spanish speakers reported greater acceptance of motivation to eat and are more likely to have a negative emotional valence about food than US born or non-US born English speakers. The results of this study have important implications to promote healthy eating among underserved populations at a primary care setting. Healthy food choice or healthy eating may not always be achieved by increasing knowledge. Psychological interventions should be included to advance healthy food choice.

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Depression Affects Emotional Eating and Dietary Intake and Is Related to Food Insecurity in a Group of Multiethnic, Low-income Women

Cited by 18 publications

References 56 publications

Understanding and effectively addressing disparities in obesity: A systematic review of the psychological determinants of emotional eating behaviours among Black women

Understanding and effectively addressing disparities in obesity: A systematic review of the psychological determinants of emotional eating behaviours among Black women

Accuracy of self‐reported heights and weights in a predominately low‐income, diverse population living in the USA

Promoting Healthy Eating Attitudes Among Uninsured Primary Care Patients

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