Depressant behavior of tragacanth gum and its role in the flotation separation of chalcopyrite from talc

Guo, Wei; Feng, Bo; Peng, Jinxiu; Zhang, Wenpu; Zhu, Xun

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2018.05.015

Cited by 49 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Given the low recovery and subsequent high production costs associated with physical beneficiation, direct chemical extraction of REEs from coal refuse has been evaluated by a number of researchers [11,20,21,25,[41][42][43]. Moreover, thermal and alkaline treatments prior to acid leaching have also been used to improve the REE leachability [21,[44][45][46][47].…”

Section: Chemical Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, given the aforementioned benefits, pre-leach calcination combined with mild acid leaching is one of the most promising approaches for recovering REEs from coal-related materials. Several mechanisms have been proposed for the positive impacts of thermal activation on REE extraction from coal, i.e.,: (1) Surface area increase resulting from clay dehydration, which liberates some rare earth minerals; (2) Decomposition of the difficult-to-leach rare earth minerals; and 3Release of a portion of the REEs that were originally associated with the organic matter, which was removed after calcination [21,42,53]. Figure 4 shows the disintegrated kaolinite particles and a REEenriched particle present in a thermally activated coal refuse sample.…”

Section: Alkali and Thermal Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comprehensive Review of Rare Earth Elements Recovery from Coal-Related Materials

et al. 2020

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Many studies have been published in recent years focusing on the recovery of rare earth elements (REEs) from coal-related materials, including coal, coal refuse, coal mine drainage, and coal combustion byproducts particularly fly ash. The scientific basis and technology development have been supported by coal geologists and extractive metallurgists, and through these efforts, the concept has progressed from feasibility assessment to pilot-scale production over the last five years. Physical beneficiation, acid leaching, ion-exchange leaching, bio-leaching, thermal treatment, alkali treatment, solvent extraction, and other recovery technologies have been evaluated with varying degrees of success depending on the feedstock properties. In general, physical beneficiation can be a suitable low-cost option for preliminary upgrading; however, most studies showed exceedingly low recovery values unless ultrafine grinding was first performed. This finding is largely attributed to the combination of small RE-bearing mineral particle size and complex REE mineralogy in coal-based resources. Alternatively, direct chemical extraction by acid was able to produce moderate recovery values, and the inclusion of leaching additives, alkaline pretreatment, and/or thermal pretreatment considerably improved the process performance. The studies reviewed in this article revealed two major pilot plants where these processes have been successfully deployed along with suitable solution purification technologies to continuously produce high-grade mixed rare earth products (as high as +95%) from coal-based resources. This article presents a systematic review of the recovery methods, testing outcomes, and separation mechanisms that are involved in REE extraction from coal-related materials. The most recent findings regarding the modes of occurrence of REEs in coal-related materials are also included.

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Section: Chemical Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Alkali and Thermal Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of Rare Earth Elements Recovery from Coal-Related Materials

et al. 2020

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“…However, flotation has a poor recovery effect on coarse-grained gold. At the same time, the layered silicate minerals such as chlorite and talc had good natural floatability, and they were easily floated with the sulfide ore, which might lead to a decline in concentrate grade [39]. This might be the reason for the poor efficiency of flotation in actual production.…”

Section: Strategies To Recover Goldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogy and Pretreatment of a Refractory Gold Deposit in Zambia

et al. 2019

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The technological mineralogy of a gold deposit located in North-Western province of Zambia was carried out by using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that gold was highly dispersed in gold-bearing minerals such as pyrite, arsenopyrite, and some gangues in the form of natural gold and electrum. The gold grade in the mineral was 15.96 g/t and the particle size distribution of gold was extremely uneven. Most of the gold particles were less than 10 μm and wrapped with gold-bearing minerals, making it difficult to achieve liberation during grinding. According to the characteristics of the refractory gold deposit, the gravity–flotation combined beneficiation process was used to recover the liberated coarse gold and the fine gold in the sulphides. The closed-circuit experiments obtained excellent indicators. The grade and recovery of gold in the gravity separation concentrates reached 91.24 g/t and 57.58%, respectively. The grade and recovery of gold in the flotation concentrates were 49.44 g/t and 33.36%, respectively. The total recovery of gold was 90.94%. The gravity–flotation combined beneficiation pretreatment process provided a feasible method for the refractory gold ore and ensured the effective recovery of gold.

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“…Agent name Organic compounds Carboxymethylcellulose [9,[37][38][39] Chitosan [40,41] Guar gum [9,11,[42][43][44][45] Locust bean gum [40,41] Gum arabic [46] Sesbania gum [47] Tragacanth gum [48] Galactomannan [49] Lignosulfonate [50][51][52][53] Dextrin and modified starch [54,55] Inorganic salts Combination of ZnSO 4 and Na 2 CO 3 [56] Metal salts containing Al 3+ , Cr 3+ ,Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , etc. [10,51,55] Water glass, sodium hexametaphosphate, etc.…”

Section: Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Technologies and Selective Depressing Agents for Separating Chalcopyrite and Talc

Liao¹,

Deng²,

Lai³

et al. 2018

Int J Metall Mater Eng

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Copper-bearing ore containing talc is generally considered as the most refractory type in various chalcopyrite ores, which is predominantly due to the fact that it includes talc and good natural floatability of talc adversely affects the recovery of chalcopyrite. Flotation is the most economical and effective method to separate copper sulfide minerals and talc. For flotation process, there are selective flotation of talc before flotation of copper-bearing minerals, the flotation of copper-bearing minerals with depression of talc, and the bulk flotation of talc and copper-bearing minerals. At present, the researches focus on the depression of talc. The present work reviewed the molecular structure, properties and mechanism of organic and inorganic depressors for talc. The mechanism of action of depressors for talc includes electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding and chemical bonding. At the same time, factors such as pH and ionic strength have an important influence on depression effect for talc. The synergism of combined depressors has various novel depression effects on talc surface, which is more efficient than single agent. In the future, separation technology for talc and chalcopyrite develops toward the application of new depressors and the modification of agents. Meanwhile, the development of new depressors for talc needs to consider the properties of associated minerals with talc and copper-bearing minerals. The combined depressors should be developed to maximize the recovery of valuable metals.

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Depressant behavior of tragacanth gum and its role in the flotation separation of chalcopyrite from talc

Cited by 49 publications

References 20 publications

A Comprehensive Review of Rare Earth Elements Recovery from Coal-Related Materials

A Comprehensive Review of Rare Earth Elements Recovery from Coal-Related Materials

Mineralogy and Pretreatment of a Refractory Gold Deposit in Zambia

An Overview of Technologies and Selective Depressing Agents for Separating Chalcopyrite and Talc

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