Depositional processes of ribbon carbonates in Middle Cambrian of Iran (Deh-Sufiyan Formation, Central Alborz)

Bayet‐Goll, Aram; Chen, Jitao; Moussavi‐Harami, Reza; Mahboubi, Asadollah

doi:10.1007/s10347-015-0436-6

Cited by 30 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The Zaigun and Lalun formations, as well as their equivalents in the Kerman Block of central Iran (Dahu Formation) (Fig. B) and Arabia (lower part of the Sagh Sandstone), have been deposited in continental to marginal‐marine environments (Aghanabati, ; Bayet‐Goll et al ., , , , 2018a; Geyer et al ., ). By the end of the early Cambrian, a eustatic sea‐level fall led to a regression with considerable effects along the West Gondwanan margin and in adjacent Cambrian continents, and this regression characterizes the deposition of at least part of the Lalun Formation, so that the formation offers insight into fine‐scale depositional evolution in the Cambrian Stage 4 and an understanding of processes which governed the regressive phase at the lower–middle Cambrian boundary interval in this part of the Earth (Bayet‐Goll et al ., 2018a).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palaeoecological, sedimentological and stratigraphical insights into microbially induced sedimentary structures of the lower Cambrian successions of Iran

Bayet‐Goll

Daraei

2020

Sedimentology

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Micro‐organisms producing microbially induced sedimentary structures, particularly epibenthic cyanobacteria, are not facies‐dependent and could flourish in any environment if appropriate ecological conditions were provided. Hence, the changes in environmental parameters are the controlling factors on ecological tolerance of the producers. This study on the lower Cambrian successions of the Lalun Formation in Central Iran shows that paralic environments reacted differently to changes in parameters such as river and tide energy, palaeo‐topography, the rate of sediment supply and fluctuations in sea‐level, even though all were characterized by sandy substrates suitable for the development of microbially induced sedimentary structures. Therefore, the abundance and preservation of microbially induced sedimentary structures varied in the different paralic environments. From a sequence stratigraphic viewpoint, this study demonstrates that erosional discontinuities lacked the conditions required for the substrate stabilization by microbial communities. The distribution, size and type of microbially induced sedimentary structures within high frequency cycles generally follow the trends of changes in vertical facies stacking patterns. Within systems tracts, the pattern, morphological diversity and size of microbially induced sedimentary structures are not dependent on the type of systems tract, but on the type of depositional system developed such as delta, incised valley, coastal plain, estuaries and shoreline to shelf systems. Generally, estuarine and peritidal carbonates record an increase in the development of mat colonization during the transgressive systems tract, owing to decreased sedimentation rate as well as extended shallow water habitats. In contrast, the existence of microbially induced sedimentary structures depends on the pattern of shoreline shift in depositional systems developed during the highstand systems tract, such as open coast tidal flat and delta environments. If a shoreline regression was continuous (depositional trend and stacking pattern are a set of high frequency cycles), a greater increase in the aggradational component than the progradational component would cause intensified destructive processes hindering the development of microbial communities.

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Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palaeoecological, sedimentological and stratigraphical insights into microbially induced sedimentary structures of the lower Cambrian successions of Iran

Bayet‐Goll

Daraei

2020

Sedimentology

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“…It is probably triggered by the vertical movements along major syn‐sedimentary faults. However, the age, facies, and thickness variations of lithostratigraphic units in the Alborz are not specific to the Mississippian and are reported during the entire Palaeozoic (Bayet‐Goll, Chen, & Moussavi‐Harami, R., & Mahboubi, A., ; Gaetani et al, ; Partoazar, ), even Mesozoic (Fürsich et al, ), and Cenozoic (Aghanabati, ). During these times, tectonic movements created different environments.…”

Section: Foraminiferal Biostratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mississippian lithofacies and foraminiferal biozonation of the Alborz Mountains, Iran: Implications for regional geology

Zandkarimi

Vachard²,

Najafian

et al. 2018

Geological Journal

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The Mississippian rocks at 5 sections, Kalariz, Peyghambaran, Jaban, Naserabad, and Dozdehban, have been measured and sampled in a SE–NW direction across the Alborz Mountains. Foraminiferal zones recognized in those sections, as well as a revision of other foraminiferal assemblage previously published from the Alborz Mountains, allow to recognize 12 biozones: 5 in the Tournaisian: Unilocular (MFZ1–MFZ2? interval), Septabrunsiina krainica (MFZ3–MFZ5 interval), Eotextularia diversa (MFZ6), Darjella monilis (MFZ7), and primitive Eoparastaffella (MFZ8); 5 Viséan biozones: Eoparastaffella simplex (MFZ9), primitive archaediscids (MFZ10), Uralodiscus rotundus (MFZ11), Pojarkovella–Koskinotextularia (MFZ12), Neoarchaediscus (Upper Mikhailovian), Howchinia gibba–Archaediscus/Paraarchaediscus at angulatus‐tenuis stage–Neoarchaediscus akchimensis (Venevian substage); and 2 Serpukhovian biozones: Biseriella parva–Climacammina (Tarusian–Steshevian substages) and Turrispiroides multivolutus–Brenckleina–Eostaffellina protvae (Protvian substage) for the Mississippian rocks of Alborz. Analysis of foraminiferal assemblages indicates a noticeable age difference of the Mississippian rocks between the northern and southern flanks of Alborz. Accordingly, south‐eastern and east‐central Alborz (Kalariz, Peyghambaran, and Jaban sections) display complete Tournaisian deposits (MFZ1–MFZ8), whereas northern Alborz contains the strata dated from Late Tournaisian to Late Serpukhovian (MFZ8–MFZ16). The sedimentological studies also reveal sharp facies variations following the mentioned age variation. Previously, the age variations of these rocks were attributed to various events, such as the Mississippian glaciation phases. However, the age, facies, and thickness variations of lithostratigraphic units in the Alborz are not specific to the Mississippian and are reported during the entire Palaeozoic and even Mesozoic and Cenozoic. They can rather be attributed to the inherited basement and syn‐sedimentary E–W‐trending faults.

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“…During the Neoproterozoic to the Ordovician, continental crust, including that corresponding to the Alborz Zone and Central Iran (with its different structural units, such as the Lut, Tabas, Posht‐e‐Badam and Yazd blocks), was flooded by the Prototethys (Figure 1a–c; Afshar‐harb, 1979; Aghanabati, 2004; Husseini, 1989; Moghadam et al, 2015). The thick, well‐developed lower Paleozoic succession of the central and eastern parts of the Alborz mountain belts (Ghobadi Pour et al, 2011; Ghobadi Pour & Turvey, 2009) is traditionally subdivided (in ascending stratigraphic order) into the Fasham, Deh‐Molla, Deh‐Sufyian, Lashkarak, Ghelli, and Niur formations (Bayet‐Goll et al, 2014; Bayet‐Goll et al, 2015; Bayet‐Goll et al,2018; Geyer et al, 2014; Figure 1d). The Ordovician rocks of Iran are typically green‐colored shale, siltstone, and sandstone.…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interplay of environmental constraints and bioturbation on matground development along the marine depositional profile during the Ordovician Radiation

et al. 2021

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This study documents the distribution of matgrounds in a wide variety of environments recorded in the Ordovician Lashkerak and Ghelli Formations in the Alborz Mountains of northern Iran in order to evaluate controls on their distribution along the marine depositional profile. Detailed facies analysis allowed differentiating three groups of facies associations in the Lower to Upper Ordovician deposits of the Lashkerak formation: (i) estuarine system; (ii) wave‐dominated shoreface‐offshore complex; and (iii) mixed river‐ and wave‐influenced deltaic system. The Middle to Upper Ordovician deposits of the Ghelli formation are divided into two groups of facies associations: (i) tide‐influenced deltaic succession and (ii) deep‐water fan system. Microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) are present in deposits formed in the central estuarine basin (Lashkerak formation) and in proximal lobes and lobe fringes of deep–water turbidite fans (Ghelli formation). On the contrary, MISS are absent in deposits from the wave‐dominated shoreface‐offshore complex, river‐ and tide‐dominated deltas, and various subenvironments of the incised wave‐dominated estuary (i.e., bayhead delta and estuary mouth) and the deep‐marine turbidite fan system (i.e., turbidite channel, slope, and outer lobe). The lack of evidence of mat‐building microorganisms in the deltaic systems may have resulted from two factors: (1) high physico‐chemical stressors caused by river‐induced processes, and (2) increase in degree of sediment disturbance, biodiffusion, and bioirrigation by burrowing organisms. Formation of microbial mats in the wave‐dominated shoreface‐offshore complex was inhibited by the activity of an abundant and diverse infauna capable of reworking the sediment. Our analysis shows that the spatial distribution of microbial mats was controlled by an interplay of environmental factors and innovations in animal‐substrate interactions, mostly expressed by secular changes in bioturbation. This study supports the notion that the agronomic revolution was diachronic, with marginal‐marine and deep‐sea ecosystems lagging behind shallow‐marine settings.

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Depositional processes of ribbon carbonates in Middle Cambrian of Iran (Deh-Sufiyan Formation, Central Alborz)

Cited by 30 publications

References 43 publications

Palaeoecological, sedimentological and stratigraphical insights into microbially induced sedimentary structures of the lower Cambrian successions of Iran

Palaeoecological, sedimentological and stratigraphical insights into microbially induced sedimentary structures of the lower Cambrian successions of Iran

Mississippian lithofacies and foraminiferal biozonation of the Alborz Mountains, Iran: Implications for regional geology

The interplay of environmental constraints and bioturbation on matground development along the marine depositional profile during the Ordovician Radiation

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