Depositional Environment and Diagenesis of the Red River Formation, “C” Interval, Divide County, North Dakota and Sheridan County, Montana

Neese, Douglas G.

doi:10.2110/cor.85.07.0095

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“…Unlike the laminated members that are dolomitized pervasively, the burrowed members of the Red River Formation exhibit a complex and regionally discontinuous pattern of dolomitization (Kendall, ; Longman et al ., ; Holmden, ). Most commonly, as is the case in the study area, the burrows are dolomitized and the matrix is not; however, in other parts of the Williston Basin, both the burrows and the matrix can be dolomitized, or they both remain as limestone (Kendall, ; Longman et al ., ; Neese, ; Canter, ; Qing et al ., ; Gingras et al ., ). Dolomite is predominantly replacive and in laminated members occurs as non‐planar, bimodal (5 to 50 μm) crystals in completely dolomitized intervals, or as 25 to 50 μm rhombs floating in lime mudstone or associated with stylolites (Zenger, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable carbon‐isotope record of shallow‐marine evaporative epicratonic basin carbonates, Ordovician Williston Basin, North America

Husinec

Bergström

2014

Sedimentology

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Secular variations in stable carbon-isotope values of marine carbonates are used widely to correlate successions that lack high-resolution index fossils. Various environmental processes, however, commonly may affect and alter the primary marine carbon-isotope signal in shallow epicratonic basins. This study focuses on the marine carbon-isotope record from the carbonate-evaporite succession of the upper Katian (Upper Ordovician) Red River Formation of the shallow epicratonic Williston Basin, USA. It documents the carbon-isotope signal between the two major Ordovician positive shifts in d 13 C, the early Katian Guttenberg and the Hirnantian excursions. Eight d 13 C stages are identified based on positive excursions, shifts from positive to negative values and relatively uniform d 13 C carb values. A correlation between carbon-isotope trends and the relative sea-level changes based on gross facies stacking patterns shows no clear relation. Based on the available biostratigraphy and d 13 C trends, the studied Williston Basin curves are tied to the isotope curves from the North American Midcontinent, Qu ebec (Anticosti Island) and Estonia, which confirm the Late Katian age (Aphelognathus divergens Conodont Zone) of the upper Red River Formation. The differences in the d 13 C overall trend and absolute values, coupled with the petrographic and cathodoluminescence evidence, suggest that the carbon-isotope record has been affected by the syndepositional environmental processes in the shallow and periodically isolated Williston Basin, and stabilized by later burial diagenesis under reducing conditions and the presence of isotopically more negative fluids.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%