Deposition of moss spores in relation to distance from parent gametophytes

Miles, Carl J.; Longton, R. E.

doi:10.1179/jbr.1992.17.2.355

Cited by 94 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This is because Armstrong looked primarily at deposition, sampiing the peak of a leptokurtic distribution, which represents soredia that do not escape the laminar boundary layer and settle out rapidly. Miles & Longton (1992) also sampled a leptokurtic distribution of deposition, for spores of the mosses Atrichum unduiatum and Bryum artenteum (spore size 16-20/im and 8-14 jum respectively). However, they subsequently calculated that more than 85 % {A. unduiatum) and 95 % (B. argenteum) of the spores released were dispersed beyond their sampling zone (2 m from the source).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only when sampling on a day with a mean wind speed of 10-3 m s~^ were soredia detected that had been deposited farther (25 m) from the source tree (Armstrong, 1987). The deposition of spores away from the source typically exhibits what has been described as a leptokurtic distribution (Morgensen, 1983 ;Miles & Longton 1992), whereby deposition close to the source is very high and rapidly drops off, although the tails extend a long way from the source. Soredia have also been collected from the air by Petterson (1940), Rudolph (1970) and Harmata & Olech (1991), although two of these Studies found more lichen fragments than soredia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerial dispersal of lichen soredia in the maritime Antarctic

Marshall

1996

New Phytologist

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SUMMARYAn aerobiological monitoring programme was carried out for over a year on Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. Collections were made using arrays of rotorod samplers at three sites. Lichen soredia were found to be the most abundant air borne propagules, more so than ascospores, the sexual propagules of lichen fungi. The dominance of soredia over ascospores appeared to decrease with increasing maturity of fellfield sites. No correlations were found with temperature, relative humidity or wind speed. Collections at 1 m above ground level were shown not to be significantly different to those at 0-15 m at two of the sites. Size range distribution also differed at two of the sites. Soredial clumps in excess of 100/tm in diameter were collected at 1 m above ground level and at some distance from potential source plants, though most fell in the range 30-60 /ira. Peaks in numbers of air borne soredia were found after winter snow melt, demonstrating that soredial production continues at subzero temperatures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerial dispersal of lichen soredia in the maritime Antarctic

Marshall

1996

New Phytologist

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“…This suggests a kind of bet-hedging in Sphagnum : when spores are being formed they could either be determined as small spores (in small capsules) for long-distance dispersal, with small chance of hitting a temporarily suitable spot for establishment (and thus longevity might be selected for) ; alternatively, they could be formed as larger spores with a smaller dispersal potential, for faster initial growth during germination (Silvertown, 1989 ;Miles & Longton, 1992b ;Sundberg & Rydin, 1998).…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evidence for a persistent spore bank in Sphagnum

Sundberg

Rydin

2000

New Phytologist

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Spore capsules of four Sphagnum species were buried at different depths in peat on a bog. Spore viability was determined after 0, 1, 2 and 3 yr. Viability generally declined with time, but viable spores were still found at all depths after 3 yr. The light-coloured spores of S. balticum and S. tenellum retained their viability better than the darker spores of S. fuscum and S. lindbergii. Survival was highest under wet but aerobic conditions, but was also high under humid or periodically desiccated conditions. By contrast, most spores stored under wet, anaerobic conditions died within 2-3 yr. These results, and predictions from them, are not consistent with earlier results for spores of long-lived and dominant bryophytes, or for seeds of phanerogams of undisturbed wetlands and forests. There was no correlation between spore size and longevity across species, but the small spores from small capsules of S. balticum and S. tenellum generally showed higher viability than those from the medium-sized and large capsules of the same species. This suggests a positive intraspecific relationship between longevity and dispersal distance. There was an indication of conditional dormancy, controlled by weather, in Sphagnum spores. The experiments indicate that Sphagnum spores can form a long-term persistent spore bank under suitable conditions, with a half-life of between 1 and 20 yr (mean across species of 2n6 and 5n0 yr at two depths studied), and with potential values in individual spore capsules of several decades, or even of centuries. Sphagnum spores kept refrigerated showed 15-35% viable spores after 13 yr. The capacity to form a persistent spore bank that can be activated whenever favourable conditions occur might help explain the wide geographical distribution of many Sphagnum species in the boreal and temperate zones, where they have managed to colonize almost every suitable patch of acidic, nutrient-poor wetland.

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“…Bryophytes and lichens lack roots and draw most of their water and nutrients from the atmosphere; they have very limited control of the uptake and loss of water (Hale 1967;Scott 1994). Dispersal patterns are potentially different from those of vascular plants (with the exception of ferns) because bryophytes and lichens are spore dispersed and routinely reproduce vegetatively from very small fragments-even single cells in the case of bryophytes (Miles & Longton 1992;Scott 1994). But these differences may be of little significance with respect to largescale factors, such as fire and moisture availability, because both vascular and nonvascular plants may be responding in similar ways to these environmental variables, resulting in their diversities being significantly correlated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Plant Diversity as a Surrogate for Bryophyte and Lichen Diversity

Pharo

Beattie

Binns

1999

Conservation Biology

161

107

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An important issue in conservation biology is the extent to which one group of organisms can function as a surrogate for less well-known groups. We explored the extent to which vascular plant species diversity (both ␣ -diversity, or species richness, and ␤ -diversity, or turnover) Diversidad de Plantas Vasculares como Substituto de la Diversidad de Briofitas y Líquenes Resumen: Un asunto importante en biología de la conservación es la magnitud con la cual un grupo de organismos puede funcionar como substituto de grupos menos conocidos. Exploramos la magnitud a la cual la diversidad de plantas vasculares (tanto diversidad ␣ o riqueza de especies y diversidad ␤ o revovación) y los subgrupos sotobosque, dosel y helechos pueden actuar como substitutos de la diversidad de especies de briofitas y líquenes. Muestreamos 35 sitios en un rango de tipos de bosque en las tierras bajas de la costa Este de

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Deposition of moss spores in relation to distance from parent gametophytes

Cited by 94 publications

References 7 publications

Aerial dispersal of lichen soredia in the maritime Antarctic

Aerial dispersal of lichen soredia in the maritime Antarctic

Experimental evidence for a persistent spore bank in Sphagnum

Vascular Plant Diversity as a Surrogate for Bryophyte and Lichen Diversity

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