Deposition and emissions of reactive nitrogen over European forests: A modelling study

Simpson, David; Butterbach‐Bahl, Klaus; Fagerli, Hilde; Kesik, M.; Skiba, U.; Tang, Sim

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.04.063

Cited by 91 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The Unified EMEP model is a development of earlier EMEP models Jonson et al, 1998; fully documented in Fagerli et al, 2004;Simpson et al, 2003). The model has been extensively validated against measurements (Fagerli and Aas, 2008;Fagerli et al, 2003Fagerli et al, , 2007Jonson et al, 2006;Simpson et al, 2006aSimpson et al, ,b, 2007Tsyro et al, 2007). The EMEP Unified Eulerian Chemical Transport Model is a multi-layer atmospheric dispersion model designed for simulating the long-range transport of air pollution over several years.…”

Section: Emep Unified Model Calculation Of N Depositions and Air Concmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Europe-wide correlation analysis identifying factors best explaining the total nitrogen concentration in mosses

Schröder

Holy

Pesch

et al. 2010

Atmospheric Environment

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Section: Emep Unified Model Calculation Of N Depositions and Air Concmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Europe-wide correlation analysis identifying factors best explaining the total nitrogen concentration in mosses

Schröder

Holy

Pesch

et al. 2010

Atmospheric Environment

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“…The dry deposition of N r typically contributes between one third and two thirds to the total atmospheric N deposition (Simpson et al, 2006). The environmental effects of excess atmospheric N r deposition to ecosystems may include soil acidification, eutrophication of water bodies, nutrient imbalances, leaching of base cation and nitrate, loss of biodiversity, direct toxicity to plants, increased N 2 O emissions, and inhibition of soil methane (CH 4 ) oxidation (Galloway et al, 2003;Erisman et al, 2007;Flechard et al, 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

TRANC – a novel fast-response converter to measure total reactive atmospheric nitrogen

Marx¹,

Brümmer

Ammann

et al. 2012

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. The input and loss of plant available nitrogen (reactive nitrogen: N r ) from/to the atmosphere can be an important factor for the productivity of ecosystems and thus for its carbon and greenhouse gas exchange. We present a novel converter for reactive nitrogen (TRANC: Total Reactive Atmospheric Nitrogen Converter), which offers the opportunity to quantify the sum of all airborne reactive nitrogen compounds ( N r ) in high time resolution. The basic concept of the TRANC is the full conversion of all N r to nitrogen monoxide (NO) within two reaction steps. Initially, reduced N r compounds are being oxidised, and oxidised N r compounds are thermally converted to lower oxidation states. Particulate N r is being sublimated and oxidised or reduced afterwards. In a second step, remaining higher nitrogen oxides or those generated in the first step are catalytically converted to NO with carbon monoxide used as reduction gas. The converter is combined with a fast response chemiluminescence detector (CLD) for NO analysis and its performance was tested for the most relevant gaseous and particulate N r species under both laboratory and field conditions. Recovery rates during laboratory tests for NH 3 and NO 2 were found to be 95 and 99 %, respectively, and 97 % when the two gases were combined. In-field longterm stability over an 11-month period was approved by a value of 91 % for NO 2 . Effective conversion was also found for ammonium and nitrate containing particles. The recovery rate of total ambient N r was tested against the sum of individual measurements of NH 3 , HNO 3 , HONO, NH + 4 , NO − 3 , and NO x using a combination of different well-established devices. The results show that the TRANC-CLD system precisely captures fluctuations in N r concentrations and also matches the sum of all individual N r compounds measured by the different single techniques. The TRANC features a specific design with very short distance between the sample air inlet and the place where the thermal and catalytic conversions to NO occur. This assures a short residence time of the sample air inside the instrument, and minimises wall sorption problems of water soluble compounds. The fast response time (e-folding times of 0.30 to 0.35 s were found during concentration step changes) and high accuracy in capturing the dominant N r species enables the converter to be used in an eddy covariance setup. Although a source attribution of specific N r compounds is not possible, the TRANC is a new reliable tool for permanent measurements of the net N r flux between ecosystem and atmosphere at a relatively low maintenance and reasonable cost level allowing for diurnal, seasonal and annual investigations.

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“…INTE-GRATOR includes various sub-models for the prediction of N (NH 3 , NO x , N 2 O and N 2 ) emissions and N leaching from (i) housing and manure storage systems and agricultural soils, i.e. an adapted version of the MITERRAEurope model (Velthof et al, 2009;Lesschen et al, 2011), (ii) non-agricultural terrestrial systems, and (iii) an emissiondeposition matrix for NH 3 and NO x , based on the EMEP model (Simpson et al, 2006) to assess interactions between agricultural and non-agricultural land. INTEGRA-TOR (Fig.…”

Section: Modelling N Fluxes In Agriculture At the European Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainties in model predictions of nitrogen fluxes from agro-ecosystems in Europe

et al. 2012

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Abstract.To assess the responses of nitrogen and greenhouse gas emissions to pan-European changes in land cover, land management and climate, an integrated dynamic model, INTEGRATOR, has been developed. This model includes both simple process-based descriptions and empirical relationships and uses detailed GIS-based environmental and farming data in combination with various downscaling methods. This paper analyses the propagation of uncertainties in model inputs and parameters to outputs of INTEGRA-TOR, using a Monte Carlo analysis. Uncertain model inputs and parameters were represented by probability distributions, while spatial correlation in these uncertainties was taken into account by assigning correlation coefficients at various spatial scales. The uncertainty propagation was analysed for the emissions of NH 3 , N 2 O and NO x , N leaching to groundwater and N runoff to surface water for the entire EU27 and for individual countries. Results show large uncertainties for N leaching and runoff (relative errors of ∼ 19 % for Europe as a whole), and smaller uncertainties for emission of N 2 O, NH 3 and NO x (relative errors of ∼ 12 %). Uncertainties for Europe as a whole were much smaller compared to uncertainties at country level, because errors partly cancelled out due to spatial aggregation.

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Deposition and emissions of reactive nitrogen over European forests: A modelling study

Cited by 91 publications

References 57 publications

First Europe-wide correlation analysis identifying factors best explaining the total nitrogen concentration in mosses

First Europe-wide correlation analysis identifying factors best explaining the total nitrogen concentration in mosses

TRANC – a novel fast-response converter to measure total reactive atmospheric nitrogen

Uncertainties in model predictions of nitrogen fluxes from agro-ecosystems in Europe

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