Deposition and detachment studies of fine particles by the packed column technique

Transport of Iron Oxide Colloids in Packed Quartz Sand Media: Monolayer and Multilayer Deposition

“…It is important to note that in light of the different maximum allowable surface coverages in the Langmuir (θ LA max = 1) and the hard-sphere RSA (θ RSA ∞ = 0.546) models (18,21,23), the parameter β should be interpreted differently when using Eqs. [7] and [8]. Further differences in the interpretation of β in the LA and RSA models are pointed out in the Results and Discussion section (18,36).…”

“…3a represent the best fit descriptions of the experimental breakthrough curves with the model based on the Langmuirian blocking function and multilayer deposition (Eqs. [3] and [7]). In the model breakthrough curves, the estimated collision efficiency for particle-matrix interactions, α pc , and blocking parameter, β, were used.…”

“…From Eqs. [7] and [8], it can be seen that the dynamic blocking function B(θ ) becomes zero when βθ = 1 for the LA model and when βθ = 0.44 2 (the real root of the cubic equation) for the RSA model, respectively. Thus, for a given surface coverage, θ , the parameter β predicted by the RSA model will be approximately 0.44 times the corresponding prediction based on the LA model.…”

“…[7] and [8] are modifications of the hard-sphere blocking behavior (in which case, β = 1) to account for the electrostatic repulsion between the deposited particles, the blocking (or excluded area) parameter β reflects the deviation of the maximum surface coverage from the hard-sphere jamming limits due to electrostatic forces. Because of lateral electrostatic repulsive interactions between particles near the matrix surface, the blocking parameter β is expected to increase with decreasing ionic strength (18,36).…”

Evaluation of Detergency Using Artificially Soiled Multifiber Fabrics

“…The development of eco-friendly and high energy efficiency detergent systems is an important social issue [8][9][10][11] . For the purpose, the exact evaluation of detergency is necessary and hence well-defi ned model systems have been proposed to clarify the detergency mechanism [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] . However, conventional evaluating methods with artifi cially soiled fabrics are needed because the fabric has complicated geometrical structure [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] .…”