Deposit model for volcanogenic uranium deposits

Breit, George N.; Hall, Susan M.

doi:10.3133/ofr20111255

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Hydrothermal fluids remove uranium from uranium-bearing silicic volcanic rocks (typically >10 ppm uranium) and concentrate it at sites of deposition within veins, stockworks, breccias, volcaniclastic rocks, and lacustrine caldera sediments (Breit and Hall, 2011). Immediately east of Spor Mountain, uranium was discovered in 1953 at the Yellow Chief deposit (Bowyer, 1963;Staatz and Carr, 1964;Lindsey, 1978Lindsey, , 1981 Griffitts, 1964;Shawe, 1966Shawe, , 1968Lindsey and others, 1973;Lindsey, 1977;Ludwig and others, 1980;Burt and Sheridan, 1981;Baker and others, 1998 Honey Comb Hills/ Utah, U.S.A.…”

Section: Volcanogenic Uranium Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence model for volcanogenic beryllium deposits

Foley¹,

Hofstra²,

Lindsey³

et al. 2012

Scientific Investigations Report

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COVER.Sample of large layered nodule from the Roadside pit showing fluorite, opal, and bertrandite mineralization. The nodule has an interior of fine-grained quartz, fluorite, and opal, an intermediate zone of black chalcedonic quartz, and an outer zone of white opal with minor fluorite. Beryllium is concentrated in the outer opal-fluorite zone; such samples can contain as much as 1-percent beryllium as bertrandite. Size of the sample is 16×12 centimeters (photograph by David A. Lindsey, Emeritus, U.S. Geological Survey). Occurrence Model for Volcanogenic Beryllium DepositsBy Nora K. Foley, Albert H. Hofstra, David A. Lindsey, Robert R. Seal, II, Brian Jaskula, and Nadine M. Piatak Chapter For more information on the USGS-the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment, visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1-888-ASK-USGS.For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/ pubprodTo order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner. AbstractCurrent global and domestic mineral resources of beryllium (Be) for industrial uses are dominated by ores produced from deposits of the volcanogenic Be type. Beryllium deposits of this type can form where hydrothermal fluids interact with fluorine and lithophile-element (uranium, thorium, rubidium, lithium, beryllium, cesium, tantalum, rare earth elements, and tin) enriched volcanic rocks that contain a highly reactive lithic component, such as carbonate clasts. Volcanic and hypabyssal high-silica biotite-bearing topaz rhyolite constitutes the most well-recognized igneous suite associated with such Be deposits. The exemplar setting is an extensional tectonic environment, such as that characterized by the Basin and Range Province, where younger topaz-bearing igneous rock sequences overlie older dolomite, quartzite, shale, and limestone sequences. Mined deposits and related mineralized rocks at Spor Mountain, Utah, make up a unique economic deposit of volcanogenic Be having extensive production and proven and probable reserves. Proven reserves in Utah, as reported by the U.S. Geological Survey National Mineral Information Center, total about 15,900 tons of Be that are present in the mineral bertrandite (Be 4 Si 2 O 7 (OH) 2 ). At the type locality for volcanogenic Be, Spor Mountain, the tuffaceous breccias and stratified tuffs that host the Be ore formed as a result of explosive volcanism that brought carbonate and other lithic fragments to the surface through vent structures that cut the underlying dolomitic Paleozoic sedimentary rock sequences. The tuffaceous sediments ...

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Section: Volcanogenic Uranium Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence model for volcanogenic beryllium deposits

Foley¹,

Hofstra²,

Lindsey³

et al. 2012

Scientific Investigations Report

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“…In this case, Earth MRI maps of such terranes may detect evidence of mineral systems and lead to new discoveries. [±, present (absent); -, not applicable; ?, maybe; Ag, silver; Al, aluminum; As, arsenic; Au, gold; B, boron; Ba, barium; Be, beryllium; Bi, bismuth; Br, bromine; Ca, calcium; Cd, cadmium; Co, cobalt; CO2, carbon dioxide; Cs, cesium; Cr, chromium; Cu, copper; F, fluorine; Fe, iron; Ga, gallium; Ge, germanium; Hf, hafnium; Hg, mercury; I, iodine; In, indium; IOA, iron oxide-apatite; IOCG, iron oxide-copper-gold; IS, intermediate sulfidation; K, potassium; LCT, lithium-cesium-tantalum; Li, lithium; Mg, magnesium; Mn, manganese; Mo, molybdenum; Na, sodium; Nb, niobium; Ni, nickel; NYF, niobium-yttrium-fluorine; P, phosphorus; Pb, lead; PGE, platinum group elements; R, replacement; Rb, rubidium; Re, rhenium; REE, rare earth elements; S, skarn; Sb, antimony; Sc, scandium; SE, selenium; Sn, tin; Sr, strontium; Ta, tantalum; Te, tellurium; Th, thorium; Ti, titanium; Tl, thallium; U, uranium; V, vanadium (in "Commodity" column; V, vein (in "Deposit type" column); W, tungsten; Y, yttrium; Zn, zinc; Zr, zirconium] others, 1988, 1998;Sangster, 1992, 1995;Balistrieri and others, 2002;Hofstra and others, 2013a;Seal and others, 2017 Antimony Sb Sb Černý and Ercit, 2005;Martin and De Vito, 2005;London, 2008London, , 2016Ludington and Plumlee, 2009;Breit and Hall, 2011;Foley and others, 2012;Hofstra and others, 2014;London, 2016;Audétat and Li, 2017 [±,present (absent);not applicable;?,maybe;Ag,silver;Al,aluminum;As,arsenic;Au,gold;B,boron;Ba,barium;Be,beryllium;…”

Section: Table Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Systems-deposits-commodities-critical minerals table for the earth mapping resources initiative

Hofstra¹,

Kreiner²

2020

Open-File Report

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To define and prioritize focus areas across the United States with resource potential for 35 critical minerals in a few years' time, the U.S Geological Survey Earth Mapping Resources Initiative (Earth MRI) required an efficient approach to streamline workflow. A mineral systems approach based on current understanding of how ore deposits that contain critical minerals form and relate to broader geologic frameworks and the tectonic history of the Earth was used to satisfy this Earth MRI need. This report describes the rationale for, and structure of, a table developed for Earth MRI that relates critical minerals and principal commodities to the deposit types and mineral systems in which they are concentrated. The hierarchical relationship between systems, deposits, commodities, and critical minerals makes it possible to define and prioritize each system-based focus area once for all of the critical minerals that it may contain. This approach is advantageous because mineral systems are much larger than individual ore deposits and they generally have geologic features that can be "imaged" by the topographic, geologic, geochemical, and geophysical mapping techniques deployed by Earth MRI.

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“…In the Gemeric Unit, an abundance of molybdenite, besides uraninite, is a characteristic feature of deposits and occurrences of stratiform, veinlets and stockwork, mainly volcanogenic (or tectonic) U-Mo mineralization hosted in Upper Paleozoic (Permian) rocks of Northern Gemeric (e.g., Novoveská Huta, Košice-Kurišková, Košické Hámre, Matejovce nad Hornádom; [33,34,38]). In general, acidic to intermediate volcanic effusive rocks and their pyroclastics represent a significant source of U and Mo for this type of mineralization [39,40]. The most important and widespread volcanogenic mineralization in the world is associated with felsic, acidic volcanics-rhyolites, e.g., McDermitt and Virgin Valley caldera deposits in the USA [41], Ben Lomond and Maureen deposits in Australia [42,43], or Smolian deposit in Bulgaria [44].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Minerals and Age of The Hydrothermal Quartz Veins Containing U-Mo-(Pb, Bi, Te) Mineralization in the Majerská Valley near Čučma (Gemeric Unit, Spišsko-Gemerské Rudohorie Mts., Slovak Republic)

et al. 2021

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An occurrence of vein U-Mo mineralization is located in the Majerská valley near Čučma, about 7 km to the NNE of the district town of Rožňava (Eastern Slovakia). Mineralization is hosted in the acidic metapyroclastics of the Silurian Bystrý Potok Fm. (Gemeric Unit), and originated in the following stages: (I.) quartz I, fluorapatite I; (II.) quartz II, fluorapatite II, zircon, rutile chlorite, tourmaline; (III.) uraninite, molybdenite, U-Ti oxides; (IV.) pyrite I, ullmannite, gersdorffite, cobaltite; (Va.) galena, bismuth, tetradymite, joséite A and B, Bi3(TeS)2 mineral phase, (BiPb)(TeS) mineral phase, ikunolite; (Vb.) minerals of the kobellite–tintinaite series, cosalite; (VI.) pyrite II; (VII.) titanite, chlorite; and (VIII.) supergene mineral phases. The chemical in-situ electron-microprobe U-Pb dating of uraninite from a studied vein yielded an average age of around 265 Ma, corresponding to the Guadalupian Epoch of Permian; the obtained data corresponds with the age of Gemeric S-type granites. The age correlation of uraninite with the Gemeric S-type granites and the spatial connection of the studied mineralization with the Čučma granite allows us to assume that it is a Hercynian, granite-related (perigranitic) mineralization.

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Deposit model for volcanogenic uranium deposits

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Occurrence model for volcanogenic beryllium deposits

Occurrence model for volcanogenic beryllium deposits

Systems-deposits-commodities-critical minerals table for the earth mapping resources initiative

Primary Minerals and Age of The Hydrothermal Quartz Veins Containing U-Mo-(Pb, Bi, Te) Mineralization in the Majerská Valley near Čučma (Gemeric Unit, Spišsko-Gemerské Rudohorie Mts., Slovak Republic)

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