Depolymerization of lignin via a non-precious Ni–Fe alloy catalyst supported on activated carbon

Zhai, Yongxiang; Li, Chuang; Xu, Geyang; Ma, Yanfu; Liu, Xiaohao; Zhang, Ying

doi:10.1039/c7gc00149e

Cited by 199 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Under the same conditions (Table ), the organosolv‐extracted birch had a lower conversion of 20.3 % compared with the sawdust conversion of 39.5 %. However, the organosolv extract had higher selectivity towards PG and PS than that of the sawdust …”

Section: Depolymerization Of Ligninmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Noble metals are the most commonly used heterogeneous catalysts for the depolymerization of lignin. Very active catalysts include palladium, ruthenium, and rhodium, whereas transition metals, such as nickel, iron, and copper, are frequently used as well. The combination of alloys of metals can promote activity through electronic, interfacial, and synergistic effects.…”

Section: Depolymerization Of Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zhai et al. studied the change in selectivity and activity for the hydrogenolysis of organosolv‐extracted birch lignin by using different ratios of nickel and iron over activated carbon (AC) . Lignin was depolymerized by using Ni/Fe ratios of 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2.…”

Section: Depolymerization Of Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zhai et al. compared multiple catalysts near isoconversion conditions for the depolymerization of organosolv birch lignin, and thus, were able to determine if mass‐transfer limitations were prevalent . The group also studied the influence of reaction temperature and pressure on the conversion and selectivity.…”

Section: Caveats and Pitfallsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterogeneous Catalyst Design Principles for the Conversion of Lignin into High‐Value Commodity Fuels and Chemicals

2020

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Lignin valorization has risen as a promising pathway to supplant the use of petrochemicals for chemical commodities and fuels. However, the challenges of separating and breaking down lignin from lignocellulosic biomass are the primary barriers to success. Integrated biorefinery systems that incorporate both homo‐ and heterogeneous catalysis for the upgrading of lignin intermediates have emerged as a viable solution. Homogeneous catalysis can perform selected chemistries, such as the hydrolysis and dehydration of ester or ether bonds, that are more suitable for the pretreatment and fractionation of biomass. Heterogeneous catalysis, however, offers a tunable platform for the conversion of extracted lignin into chemicals, fuels, and materials. Tremendous effort has been invested in elucidating the necessary factors for the valorization of lignin by using heterogeneous catalysts, with efforts to explore more robust methods to drive down costs. Current progress in lignin conversion has fostered numerous advances, but understanding the key catalyst design principles is important for advancing the field. This Minireview aims to provide a summary on the fundamental design principles for the selective conversion of lignin by using heterogeneous catalysts, including the pairing of catalyst metals, supports, and solvents. The review puts a particular focus on the use of bimetallic catalysts on porous supports as a strategy for the selective conversion of lignin. Finally, future research on the valorization of lignin is proposed on the basis of recent progress.

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Section: Depolymerization Of Ligninmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Depolymerization Of Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Depolymerization Of Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Caveats and Pitfallsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterogeneous Catalyst Design Principles for the Conversion of Lignin into High‐Value Commodity Fuels and Chemicals

2020

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“…However, the global reserve scarcity and the exorbitant price of noble metals limit their extensive usage. Non‐noble metal catalysts are normally based on Fe, Co, Cu, and especially Ni, which are considered to be desirable replacements of noble metal catalysts because of their abundant reserves, low cost, and moderate activity . Nickel‐based catalysts have shown excellent chemoselectivity for aromatic products or high activity for C—O bond cleavage .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Kinetics and Activity of Ni‐Based Catalysts for Benzyl Phenyl Ether Catalytic Hydrogenolysis

et al. 2019

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The influence of the type of support [activated carbon (AC), HZSM‐5, and γ‐Al2O3] on the performance of Ni‐based catalysts for the catalytic hydrogenolysis (CH) of benzyl phenyl ether (BPE) is investigated. The properties of an Ni‐based catalyst are investigated using diverse characterization techniques. An Ni/AC catalyst exhibits the highest dispersion of Ni atoms by CO pulse. The kinetic studies show that the apparent activation energies (Ea) for CH of BPE increase in the order Ea (Ni/AC) < Ea (Ni/γ‐Al2O3) < Ea (Ni/HZSM‐5), and the initial turnover frequencies follow the order of Ni/AC (64 mol molNisurf −1 h−1) > Ni/γ‐Al2O3 (58 mol molNisurf −1 h−1) > Ni/HZSM‐5 (45 mol molNisurf −1 h−1). All these results prove that the CH activity of BPE is significantly affected by the type of support, and Ni/AC is the highest activity catalyst in CH of the C—O bond of BPE. Toluene and phenol are major products in CH of BPE at a relatively low hydrogen pressure and high temperature. Based on catalytic experiments, a reaction mechanism is proposed, which provides the theoretical basis for converting lignite into high‐value organic molecules.

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Nanocatalysis for Renewable Aromatics

Dutta

Bhat

Anchan

2022

Heterogeneous Nanocatalysis for Energy and Environmental Sustainability

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Depolymerization of lignin via a non-precious Ni–Fe alloy catalyst supported on activated carbon

Abstract: Ni–Fe alloy catalysts were prepared and they displayed high efficiency for depolymerization of lignin to PG and PS.

Cited by 199 publications

References 70 publications

Heterogeneous Catalyst Design Principles for the Conversion of Lignin into High‐Value Commodity Fuels and Chemicals

Heterogeneous Catalyst Design Principles for the Conversion of Lignin into High‐Value Commodity Fuels and Chemicals

Comparison of Kinetics and Activity of Ni‐Based Catalysts for Benzyl Phenyl Ether Catalytic Hydrogenolysis

Nanocatalysis for Renewable Aromatics

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