Deploymerization of chitosan with the aid of papain

Müzzarelli, Riccardo A.A.; Tomasetti, Marco; Ilari, Pierluca

doi:10.1016/0141-0229(94)90072-8

Cited by 58 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Acetic acid, a widely used organic solvent for chitosan [52], promotes acidic hydrolysis more effectively than lactic acid [53,54]. Additionally, acetic acid is known as an effective inhibitor of growth for many strains of bacteria [55].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction and characterization of chitin and chitosan with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities from cosmopolitan Orthoptera species (Insecta)

Kaya

Baran

Asan-Ozusaglam

et al. 2015

Biotechnol Bioproc E

144

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This study examined two gregarious Orthoptera species (Calliptamus barbarus and Oedaleus decorus) as potential sources of chitin. The chitin content of the dry weight of C. barbarus was 20.5 ± 0.7%, and it was 16.5 ± 0.7% for O. decorus. Furthermore, the yield of chitosan (70 75% deacetylation degree) from the grasshopper species was found to be 74 ~ 76%, which is close to the yield of commercial preparations obtained from the unused parts of crabs and shrimp. The chitin and chitosan obtained in this way were analyzed using FTIR, TGA, XRD and SEM techniques, and the antimicrobial properties of chitosans obtained from C. barbarus and O. decorus against pathogenic microorganisms of humans and fish were investigated using the disc diffusion and microdilution broth methods. The antimicrobial screening procedures indicated that the chitosan showed significant antimicrobial activity against all of the tested pathogenic microorganisms. The MBC or MFC values were determined to be 0.16 ~ 2.50 mg/mL. The IC 50 values for the chitins obtained from C. barbarus and O. decorus were 10.68 ± 0.27 and 10.91 ± 0.96 mg/mL, respectively, which were greater than the value for butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT): 0.04 ± 0.01 mg/mL. These results suggest that these two species, which are currently considered to be pests because of over-breeding, are potentially alternative sources of chitin and chitosan, which are used in the food/feed industry for their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.

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Section: Antimicrobial Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction and characterization of chitin and chitosan with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities from cosmopolitan Orthoptera species (Insecta)

Kaya

Baran

Asan-Ozusaglam

et al. 2015

Biotechnol Bioproc E

144

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“…Chitosan can also be degraded by such unspecific enzymes as cellulase, lipase, and bromelain [14][15][16][17]. The rate of decrease in viscosity of chitosan is fast, but the average molecular weight of the products is about 10,000.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…. These oligosaccharides have been prepared by chemical [6][7][8], fermentation [9,10] and enzymatic methods [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. In this note, we report the preparation of chitooligosaccharides, from the tetramer to octamer, by an enzyme mixture.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of chitooligosaccharides from chitosan by a complex enzyme

et al. 1999

Carbohydrate Research

148

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“…It was observed that chitosanolysis by pronase was dependent upon the solubility, molecular mass and DA of chitosan. Muzzarelli et al (1994) compared acetic acid with lactic acid as a chitosan solvent during the nonspecific chitosanolysis by papain and reported lactic acid to be a better solvent owing to the hydrolyzing action of the former [28]. Contrary to this, the specific activity of pronase indicated that chitosan dissolved in aqueous acetic acid (1%) and was the best solvent when compared to formic and lactic acids.…”

Section: Characterization Of Chitosanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐specific depolymerization of chitosan by pronase and characterization of the resultant products

Kumar¹,

Gowda

Tharanathan³

2004

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Pronase (type XXV serine protease from Streptomyces griseus) efficiently depolymerizes chitosan, a linear bfi1,4-linked polysaccharide of 2-amino-deoxyglucose and 2-amino-2-N-acetylamino-D-glucose, to low-molecular weight chitosans (LMWC), chito-oligomers (degree of polymerization, 2-6) and monomer. The maximum depolymerization occurred at pH 3.5 and 37°C, and the reaction obeyed Michaelis-Menten kinetics with a K m of 5.21 mgAEmL )1 and V max of 138.55 nmolesAEmin. The molecular mass of the major product, LMWC, varied between 9.0 ± 0.5 kDa depending on the reaction time. Scanning electron microscopy of LMWC showed an approximately eightfold decrease in particle size and characterization by infrared spectroscopy, circular dichroism, X-ray diffractometry and 13 C-NMR revealed them to possess a lower degree of acetylation, hydration and crystallinity compared to chitosan. Chitosanolysis by pronase is an alternative and inexpensive methodtoproduceavarietyofchitosandegradationproducts that have wide and varied biofunctionalities.

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Deploymerization of chitosan with the aid of papain

Cited by 58 publications

References 16 publications

Extraction and characterization of chitin and chitosan with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities from cosmopolitan Orthoptera species (Insecta)

Extraction and characterization of chitin and chitosan with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities from cosmopolitan Orthoptera species (Insecta)

Preparation of chitooligosaccharides from chitosan by a complex enzyme

Non‐specific depolymerization of chitosan by pronase and characterization of the resultant products

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