Depletion of florfenicol amine, marker residue of florfenicol, from the edible fillet of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus x O. niloticus and O. niloticus x O. aureus) following florfenicol administration in feed

Gaikowski, Mark P.; Mushtaq, Mohammad; Cassidy, Phillip; Meinertz, Jeffery R.; Schleis, Susan M.; Sweeney, Diane; Endris, R. G.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.01.020

Cited by 25 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Regardless, Kosoff et al (2007) conducted a study to monitor sulfadimethoxine and ormetoprim residues in Nile Tilapia, Summer Flounder, and Walleyes after administering the standard therapeutic dose for 10 d and found that (1) neither component could be detected in samples of the edible portion of Walleyes (muscle plus skin) collected on day 10 posttreatment or thereafter, (2) only one Summer Flounder had a detectable concentration of either component on day 21 or thereafter, and (3) the elimination of Romet-30 by Nile Tilapia was extremely rapid. Similar results have shown that drug residues accrued after administration of the standard treatment regimen deplete very quickly (i.e., within hours to days) from fish tissues, including blood plasma, kidney, and muscle (e.g., Allen 1988;Xu 1994;Zhang and Li 2007;Bowser et al 2009;Gaikowski et al 2010). The withdrawal period for Romet-30 is as long as 42 d, depending on the use pattern.…”

Section: Myth I: Hatchery Fish Are "Festooned" With Drug Residuessupporting

confidence: 54%

Mythbusters: What's Real and What's Not When It Comes to Fish Drugs

Bowker

Trushenski

2015

N American J Aquac

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Successful fish culture programs take a comprehensive approach to disease management, broodstock conditioning and spawning, marking progeny, and reducing handling stress. Occasionally, drugs are needed to facilitate these tasks, and the only drugs legally available are those that have been approved for such use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. A lack of understanding of the approval process and how these products are actually used in fish culture has led to unfounded concerns regarding potential human health issues, unsafe drug residue levels in fish stocked into public waters, and the discharge of elevated concentrations of drugs in hatchery effluents. The rigorous drug approval process requires extensive data to demonstrate that a drug is safe and effective for fish as well as safe to humans and the environment, that it is manufactured and packaged properly, and that it is labeled to avoid misuse. Further, the approval process assumes a naive user and is structured to ensure that, if a drug is approved, even inexperienced personnel could be expected to apply it safely and effectively. If inexperienced personnel can apply these products successfully, experienced fisheries professionals certainly can. In this paper, concerns and misconceptions regarding the drug approval process and use of drugs in fish culture are addressed from a fishery biologist's perspective.

show abstract

Section: Myth I: Hatchery Fish Are "Festooned" With Drug Residuessupporting

confidence: 54%

Mythbusters: What's Real and What's Not When It Comes to Fish Drugs

Bowker

Trushenski

2015

N American J Aquac

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Withdrawal periods equal to 6.14 days have been assessed in tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus × O. niloticus and O. niloticus × O. aureus ), reared at a temperature ranging from 25.8 to 27 °C, after treatment with florfenicol at 15 mg kg −1 for 10 days (Gaikowski et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In carrying out the study, a published analytical method (Wrzesinski, Crouch & Endris ) validated for muscle plus adherent skin of fish was used with minor modifications as described later (Gaikowski et al . , NADA 141‐246 available at web site http://www.fda.gov/downloads/AnimalVeterinary/Products/ApprovedAnimalDrugProducts/FOIADrugSummaries/ucm051490.pdf). This analytical method allows for the total conversion of florfenicol (FF) and its metabolites to FFA by acid hydrolysis; consequently, only the determination of FFA (marker residue) was performed in tissues.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Florfenicol depletion in edible tissue of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), and sea bream, Sparus aurata L.

Salvo

Rocca

Terzetti

et al. 2013

Journal of Fish Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An increase in fish production has consequently brought an increase in infectious diseases in fish farms. The use of chemotherapic drugs is the most effective instrument against common bacterial agents. The number of registered drugs for use in aquaculture is limited and often veterinary practitioners resort to the off-label use of chemotherapic agents authorized for different food-producing animal species. Florfenicol is well known for its outstanding effect against various pathogenic bacteria affecting fish, and therefore, it may be a useful drug for off-label use in aquaculture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the depletion of florfenicol and its major metabolite, florfenicol amine, from the edible tissue of two fish species, rainbow trout and sea bream, following treatment with medicated feed at a dosage of 10 mg kg(-1) of bw day(-1) , for 10 consecutive days. At prefixed time points after the end of administration (0.25, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 10, 14 and 21 days after treatment), edible tissues (muscle plus adherent skin) from 15 individuals in each group were collected and analysed by HPLC, to determine concentration of the drug in the tissue. On the basis of the obtained concentrations, withdrawal times of florfenicol in the two species were calculated. The results indicate that a drug withdrawal time of 500 °C-day, as established by Directive 2004/28/EC, for off-label drug use is more than satisfactory to guarantee the healthiness of fish products against the risk of drug residues.

show abstract

“…Pharmacokinetic profiles of FF have been described in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar (Martinsen et al ; Horsberg et al ); Korean catfish, Silurus asotus (Park et al ); koi carp, Cyprinus carpio (Yanong et al ); cod, Gadus morhua (Samuelsen et al ); red pacu, Piaractus brachypomus (Lewbart et al ); tilapia, Oreochromis spp (Feng and Jia ; Gaikowski et al ); crucian carp, Carassius auratus cuvieri (Sun et al ); olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (Lim et al ); and channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Gaunt et al ). Yellow catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco , is an important commercial fish and is widely cultured in Southeast Asian countries, especially China.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 These authors contributed equally to this work. et al 2003); red pacu, Piaractus brachypomus (Lewbart et al 2005); tilapia, Oreochromis spp (Feng and Jia 2009;Gaikowski et al 2010); crucian carp, Carassius auratus cuvieri (Sun et al 2010); olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (Lim et al 2010); and channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Gaunt et al 2011). Yellow catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, is an important commercial fish and is widely cultured in Southeast Asian countries, especially China.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of Florfenicol after Oral Administration in Yellow Catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

Yang

Xie

et al. 2013

J World Aquaculture Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The pharmacokinetics of florfenicol (FF) and its metabolite, florfenicol amine (FFA), were investigated after doses of 10 mg/kg/day were administered orally per os (p.o.) on a single day or on three consecutive days in yellow catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, raised in water temperatures of 25 C. After a single dose p.o. was administered, the apparent volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss) of FF was computed to be 2.52 L/kg. The Tmax values were in the following order: liver (1.82 h) < kidney (2.26 h) < skin (6.15 h) < muscle (6.32 h) < plasma (7.25 h). These results show that FF and FFA accumulated rapidly in the kidney and liver. The t1/2β values in plasma, muscle, skin, liver, and kidney were 9.63, 15.75, 14.44, 11.55, and 15.75 h, respectively, for FF and 21.66, 15.07, 17.33, 26.65, and 30.13 h, respectively, for FFA. After a single p.o. dose was administered on three consecutive days, the t1/2β values of FF and FFA in skin‐on muscle were 17.12 and 13.55 h, respectively. The total concentrations of FF and FFA in skin‐on muscle 1, 3, and 5 d after the last administration were 3.39, 0.5, and 0.062 µg/g, respectively.

show abstract

Depletion of florfenicol amine, marker residue of florfenicol, from the edible fillet of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus x O. niloticus and O. niloticus x O. aureus) following florfenicol administration in feed

Cited by 25 publications

References 13 publications

Mythbusters: What's Real and What's Not When It Comes to Fish Drugs

Mythbusters: What's Real and What's Not When It Comes to Fish Drugs

Florfenicol depletion in edible tissue of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), and sea bream, Sparus aurata L.

Pharmacokinetics of Florfenicol after Oral Administration in Yellow Catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About