Depletion of 13C in seawater ΣC02 on modern carbonate platforms: Significance for the carbon isotopic record of carbonates

Patterson, William P.; Walter, Lynn M.

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0885:docisc>2.3.co;2

Cited by 288 publications

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“…Water-column d 13 C values of C i collected within the Bahamas turtlegrass meadows ranged from 1.0% to 2.2% (Burdige et al 2010), and were similar to other values observed on the Great Bahama Bank (Patterson and Walter 1994;Swart et al 2009), and in a tidal channel at the north end of Lee Stocking Island (Dill 1991). Further, the relatively small variation in d 13 C values of watercolumn C i was not significantly correlated with either water depth or seagrass d 13 C values (Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 49%

δ¹³C is a signature of light availability and photosynthesis in seagrass

Burdige

Zimmerman

2012

Limnology & Oceanography

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We explored the role of light-saturated (carbon-limited) photosynthesis on d 13 C of turtlegrass (Thalassia testudinum Banks ex Kö nig) populations from the clear, blue waters of the Great Bahama Bank and the turbid, green waters of Florida Bay using field observations and radiative transfer models. Consistent with numerous previous observations, leaf d 13 C decreased significantly with water depth in both regions. However the d 13 C for Bahamas turtlegrass was 3% heavier than that for Florida Bay turtlegrass at equivalent depths, and broadband irradiance explained even less of the d 13 C variations than depth. Instead, leaf d 13 C showed a stronger relationship to the fraction of the day that photosynthesis of the intact plant canopy was carbon-limited. When the Bahamas and Florida Bay d 13 C values were related to the fraction of the day that photosynthesis was carbon-limited, the variations in leaf d 13 C observed for Florida and Bahamas populations collapsed into a single relationship that explained 65% of the variation in leaf d 13 C. Consequently, turtlegrass from the Bahamas was isotopically heavier than Florida Bay populations growing at equivalent depths because they were more carbon-limited (5 lightsaturated) for a larger fraction of the day. The ability to predict turtlegrass d 13 C from the daily period of carbonlimited photosynthesis provides a mechanistic link to fundamental relationships between light and photosynthesis that can transcend geographic differences in depth and water-column optical properties, and may permit leaf d 13 C to provide a robust indicator of recent photosynthetic performance and plant survival in response to changing environmental conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 49%

δ¹³C is a signature of light availability and photosynthesis in seagrass

Burdige

Zimmerman

2012

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…The absence of abundant bacterial pyrite, pipelike sedimentary structure, or significant depletion in the d 13 C of the analyzed micritic carbonates dismisses the potential diagenetic influence of the sulfate reducing zone and methanogenesis on the d 13 C signatures of the studied carbonates (e.g., Patterson and Walter 1994;Dickson et al 2008). Variations in the value of the d 13 C excursions in a profile can be influenced by the absolute depth of the epiric seas and the locations of sediment relative to open ocean water due to effect of significance of circulation (e.g., Immenhauser et al 2008), but the occurrence of some shelly fossils (e.g., brachiopod shell fractions) in the investigated carbonates agues for insignificant variations in water depth.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Sample Preservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution isotope stratigraphy of the Lower Ordovician St. George Group of western Newfoundland, Canada: implications for global correlation

Azmy

Lavoie

2009

Can. J. Earth Sci.

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Abstract:The Lower Ordovician St. George Group of western Newfoundland consists mainly of shallow-marine-platform carbonates (*500 m thick). It is formed, from bottom to top, of the Watts Bight, Boat Harbour, Catoche, and Aguathuna formations. The top boundary of the group is marked by the regional St. George Unconformity. Outcrops and a few cores from western Newfoundland were sampled at high resolution and the extracted micritic materials were investigated for their petrographic and geochemical criteria to evaluate their degree of preservation. The d 13 C and d 18 O values of wellpreserved micrite microsamples range from -4.2% to 0% (VPDB) and from -11.3% to -2.9% (VPDB), respectively. The d 13 Ccarb profile of the St. George Group carbonates reveals several negative shifts, which vary between *2% and 3% and are generally associated with unconformities-disconformities or thin shale interbeds, thus reflecting the effect of or link with significant sea-level changes. The St. George Unconformity is associated with a negative d 13 Ccarb shift (*2%) on the profile and correlated with major lowstand (around the end of Arenig) on the local sea-level reconstruction and also on those from the Baltic region and central Australia, thus suggesting that the St. George Group Unconformity might have likely had an eustatic component that contributed to the development-enhancement of the paleomargin. Other similar d 13 C carb shifts have been recorded on the St. George profile, but it is hard to evaluate their global extension due to the low resolution of the documented global Lower Ordovician (Tremadoc -middle Arenig) d 13 C carb profile.Résumé : Le Groupe de St. George (Ordovicien inférieur) de l'ouest de Terre-Neuve comprend surtout des carbonates de plate-forme marine peu profonde (épaisseur *500 m). De la base au sommet, il comprend les formations suivantes : Watts Bight, Boat Harbour, Catoche et Aguathuna. La limite supérieure du groupe est marquée par la discordance régionale de St. George. Des affleurements et quelques carottes provenant de l'ouest de Terre-Neuve ont été échantillonnés à haute rés-olution et les roches micritiques extraites ont été étudiées pour leurs critères pétrographiques et géochimiques afin d'évaluer leur degré de préservation. Les valeurs d 13 C et d 18 O de micro-échantillons de micrites bien préservées variaient respectivement entre -4,2 % à 0 % « VPDB » et entre -11,3 % à -2,9 % (VPDB). Le profil d 13 C carb des carbonates du Groupe de St. George montre plusieurs changements à des valeurs négatives; ces changements varient entre *2 % à 3 % et ils sont généralement associés à des discordances ou à de minces interlits de shale, reflétant ainsi l'effet des changements importants de niveau de la mer ou ayant un lien avec ces changements. La discordance de St. George est associée à un changement négatif d 13 C carb (*2 %) du profil et elle est corrélée à un important bas niveau dans une reconstruction locale du niveau de la mer (vers la fin de l'Arenigien) ainsi qu'à des bas niveaux dans des régio...

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“…13 CDIC for open marine conditions and does not fully take into account specific factors related to either: (1) micro-environmental effects associated with local carbon cycling in shallow marine benthic communities (Patterson & Walter 1994); or (2) the complex interaction between diverse water masses which combine to produce the Southland Current (Jillett 1969;Chiswell 1996). Table 4 summarises measured and estimated environmental and isotopic variables for the Otago Shelf.…”

Section: A8mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotope composition of modern bryozoan skeletal carbonate from the Otago Shelf, New Zealand

Crowley¹,

Taylor²

2000

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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The oxygen (δ 18 O) and carbon (δ 13 C) isotope ratios of 10 species of living Bryozoa collected from the Otago Shelf, New Zealand were analysed to assess the extent to which isotopic equilibrium (relative to inorganic equilibrium isotope fractionation) is attained during the precipitation of skeletal calcium carbonate. The data reveal that whereas eight species of Bryozoa synthesise skeletal carbonate in apparent oxygen isotope equilibrium with respect to environmental conditions, two species (Celleporina grandis and Hippomonavella flexuosa) yield δ l8 O calcite values which indicate significant disequilibrium oxygen isotope fractionation during calcification. Sufficient data are available from one species (C. grandis) to demonstrate that disequilibrium is probably related to kinetic factors associated with diffusion-controlled transport of HCO 3 -to the site of calcite precipitation. Carbon isotope signatures indicate significant departures from inorganic isotope equilibrium in all but one bryozoan species (Hippomenella vellicata). Although greater uncertainties are associated with estimates of the isotopic composition of total dissolved Received 18 May 1999; accepted 20 December 1999 inorganic carbon (δ 13 C ΣDIC ), the data suggest that two factors-kinetic fractionation and incorporation of respiratory CO 2 -are important in controlling carbon isotope disequilibrium. Where bryozoan species exhibit evidence for disequilibrium in both oxygen and carbon isotope systems (C. grandis, H. flexuosa), it is likely that kinetic factors are primarily responsible for observed departures from carbon isotope equilibrium. In contrast, the probable explanation for those species which display evidence for carbon isotope disequilibrium only, is that skeletal carbonate is precipitated from a DIC pool modified by the incorporation of respiratory CO 2 . Differences between the carbon isotope composition of skeletal elements from the same species and co-existing species living in the same community suggests that significant variations may occur in the extent to which marine DIC and respiratory CO 2 are utilised during calcification. Additional studies of carbon pathways associated with calcification are required to assess the relative effects of kinetic, metabolic, and environmental factors on the carbon isotopic composition of bryozoan skeletal carbonate. M99028

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Depletion of 13C in seawater ΣC02 on modern carbonate platforms: Significance for the carbon isotopic record of carbonates

Cited by 288 publications

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δ¹³C is a signature of light availability and photosynthesis in seagrass

δ¹³C is a signature of light availability and photosynthesis in seagrass

High-resolution isotope stratigraphy of the Lower Ordovician St. George Group of western Newfoundland, Canada: implications for global correlation

Stable isotope composition of modern bryozoan skeletal carbonate from the Otago Shelf, New Zealand

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Depletion of 13C in seawater ΣC02 on modern carbonate platforms: Significance for the carbon isotopic record of carbonates

Cited by 288 publications

References 0 publications

δ13C is a signature of light availability and photosynthesis in seagrass

δ13C is a signature of light availability and photosynthesis in seagrass

High-resolution isotope stratigraphy of the Lower Ordovician St. George Group of western Newfoundland, Canada: implications for global correlation

Stable isotope composition of modern bryozoan skeletal carbonate from the Otago Shelf, New Zealand

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δ¹³C is a signature of light availability and photosynthesis in seagrass

δ¹³C is a signature of light availability and photosynthesis in seagrass