Depleted uranium and radiation-induced lung cancer and leukaemia

Mould, Richard F.

doi:10.1259/bjr.74.884.740677

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Iraq has a long border with Khuzestan province, and has been contaminated by chemicals and nuclear materials, such as low dose uranium bullets during the recent wars with the US. Fine dust entered to this region from Iraq, may increase incidence of lung and other cancers (Mould, 2001). Also, the dust can be a cause to rising incidence of laryngeal cancer in the province, which may threat other provinces and even the capital Tehran.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Cancers in Kuzestan Province of Iran: Trend from 2004 to 2008

Amoori¹,

Mirzaei²,

Cheraghi³

2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Cancers in Kuzestan Province of Iran: Trend from 2004 to 2008

Amoori¹,

Mirzaei²,

Cheraghi³

2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…[5][6][7][8][9] An epidemiological study of 53 000 UK Gulf War veterans showed no excess cancer mortality, and no deaths due to testicular cancer. 10 However, cancer of the testis is often non-lethal and will thus not contribute significantly to death statistics. In all, the small excess of testicular cancer noted in this cohort cannot yet be finally evaluated, but the most likely explanation is chance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of cancer among Swedish military and civil personnel involved in UN missions in the Balkans 1989–99

Gustavsson

2004

Occup Environ Med

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Leukaemia cases among European UN soldiers in the Balkans have been related hypothetically to exposure to depleted uranium. This study was performed to investigate the risk of cancer among Swedish personnel (8750 men and 438 women) involved in UN missions in the Balkans 1989-99. The overall incidence of cancer was slightly higher than expected; 34 cancers were observed and 28.1 were expected based on national cancer rates. Among military men, there were eight cases of testicular cancer versus 4.6 expected. There was one case of chronic myeloid leukaemia, and no cases of acute leukaemia. The overall risk of cancer was increased in a subgroup of 648 men taking part in convoy operations, based on only five cancers at four different sites. The study gives no support for the hypothesis that UN service in the Balkans could lead to haematolymphatic malignancies after short latency. However, no exposure assessment was performed, and future follow up is necessary for evaluation of long term risks.

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“…Allegations have been raised that there have been increased rates of lung, breast, bladder, skin, and stomach cancers and leukemia in Iraq after Gulf War I [30,31], and that other kidney and respiratory ailments are possible [32]; however, the World Health Organization has concluded that thorough epidemiological studies have not yet been carried out [33]. There is no evidence yet supporting an increase in cancer rates in military personnel exposed to DU in the Balkans or the Persian Gulf [18,34–37] with the caveat that sufficient time may not yet have passed for final conclusions to be drawn.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular analysis of hprt mutations generated in Chinese hamster ovary EM9 cells by uranyl acetate, by hydrogen peroxide, and spontaneously

Coryell

Stearns

2005

Molecular Carcinogenesis

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Naturally occurring uranium and depleted uranium (DU) are believed to be health hazards by virtue of both their chemical and radiological properties. The mechanism(s) behind uranium's chemotoxic effects has yet to be elucidated. Previous work has shown that DU, as uranyl acetate (UA), was mutagenic at the hypoxanthine (guanine) phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) locus in XRCC1-deficient CHO EM9 cells. The purpose of the current study was to characterize the mutations induced by UA at the hprt locus of CHO EM9 cells and compare the mutation spectrum of UA with those of hydrogen peroxide and spontaneous mutations in the same line. The hypothesis being tested was that if DU as UA is chemically genotoxic then the mutation spectrum induced by the heavy metal should be distinct from that produced spontaneously or by H2O2. A total of 59 UA-induced, 38 spontaneous, and 45 H2O2-induced mutations were identified. Base substitutions comprised 29%, 42%, and 16% of UA, spontaneous, and H2O2 mutants, respectively. The frequency of G --> T or C --> A substitutions was not significantly different in spontaneous or H2O2-induced mutants than in UA-induced mutants, suggesting a possible role for 8-oxodG damage in UA mutagenesis. However, the observation that UA produced significantly more major genomic rearrangements (multiexon insertions and deletions) than occurred spontaneously suggests the possibility that DNA strand breaks or crosslinks could also be UA-induced mutagenic lesions. The unique mutation spectrum elicited by exposure to UA suggests that UA generates mutations in ways that are different from spontaneous and free radical as well as radiological mechanisms.

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Depleted uranium and radiation-induced lung cancer and leukaemia

Cited by 29 publications

References 22 publications

Incidence of Cancers in Kuzestan Province of Iran: Trend from 2004 to 2008

Incidence of Cancers in Kuzestan Province of Iran: Trend from 2004 to 2008

Incidence of cancer among Swedish military and civil personnel involved in UN missions in the Balkans 1989–99

Molecular analysis of hprt mutations generated in Chinese hamster ovary EM9 cells by uranyl acetate, by hydrogen peroxide, and spontaneously

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